DSCOVR_NISTAR_L1B_3 is the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) National Institute of Standards & Technology Advanced Radiometer (NISTAR) Level 1B version 3 data product. NISTAR is a 4-band radiometer onboard the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) DSCOVR spacecraft located at the Earth-Sun Lagrange-1 (L-1) point, from which vantage it continuously measures the reflected and emitted radiances of the sunlit face of the Earth. These measurements provide an accurate energy balance measurement that improves our understanding of the Earth's radiation budget.NISTAR employs three electrical substitution radiometers and a photodiode to measure reflected sunlight and infrared emission from the Earth. NISTAR measures the absolute irradiance integrated over the entire sunlit face of Earth in four broadband channels minute-by-minute. NISTAR has a 1º field of view (FOV), one large pixel encompassing the whole sunlit side of the Earth, and a 7º field of regard.The four measurement bands and their uses are: 1) Total Radiation – 0.2 µm to 100 µm: total radiant power in the UV, visible, and infrared wavelengths emerging from Earth.2) Total Solar Reflected – 0.2 µm to 4 µm: reflected solar radiance in UV, visible, and near-infrared wavelengths from Earth.3) Near Infrared Solar Reflected – 0.7 µm to 4 µm: reflected near-infrared solar radiation from Earth.4) Photodiode – 0.2 µm to 1.1 µm: tracks the stability of the filters and verifies co-alignment of NISTAR and EPIC.These Level 1B products are the irradiance values computed from Level 1A data collected while the instrument was aimed at the Earth. These data products are in HDF5 format.

DSCOVR_NISTAR_L1B_FILTERED_3 is the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) National Institute of Standards & Technology Advanced Radiometer (NISTAR) Level 1B Radiance Filtered, Version 3 data product. NISTAR is a 4-band radiometer onboard the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) DSCOVR spacecraft located at the Earth-Sun Lagrange-1 (L-1) point, from which vantage it continuously measures the reflected and emitted radiances of the sunlit face of the Earth. These measurements provide an accurate energy balance measurement that improves our understanding of the Earth’s radiation budget.NISTAR employs three electrical substitution radiometers and a photodiode to measure reflected sunlight and infrared emission from the Earth. NISTAR measures the absolute irradiance integrated over the entire sunlit face of Earth in four broadband channels minute-by-minute. NISTAR has a 1º field of view (FOV), one large pixel that encompasses the entire sunlit side of the Earth, and a 7º field of regard.The four measurement bands and their uses are: 1) Total Radiation – 0.2 µm to 100 µm: total radiant power in the ultraviolet (UV), visible, and infrared wavelengths emerging from Earth.2) Total Solar Reflected – 0.2 µm to 4 µm: reflected solar radiance in UV, visible, and near-infrared wavelengths from Earth.3) Near Infrared Solar Reflected – 0.7 µm to 4 µm: reflected near-infrared solar radiation from Earth.4) Photodiode – 0.2 µm to 1.1 µm: tracks the stability of the filters and to verify co-alignment of NISTAR and Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC).These Level 1B products are the irradiance values computed from Level 1A data collected while the instrument was aimed at the Earth. These data products are in HDF5 format.

DSCOVR_NISTAR_L1B_3 is the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) National Institute of Standards & Technology Advanced Radiometer (NISTAR) Level 1B version 3 data product. NISTAR is a 4-band radiometer onboard NOAA’s DSCOVR spacecraft located at the Earth-Sun Lagrange-1 (L-1) point, from which vantage it continuously measures the reflected and emitted radiances of the sunlit face of the Earth. These measurements provide an accurate energy balance measurement that improves our understanding of the Earth’s radiation budget. NISTAR employs three electrical substitution radiometers and a photodiode to measure reflected sunlight and infrared emission from the Earth. NISTAR measures the absolute irradiance integrated over the entire sunlit face of Earth in four broadband channels minute-by-minute. NISTAR has a 1º field of view (FOV) that acts as one large pixel that encompasses the entire sunlit side of the Earth, and a 7º field of regard. The four measurement bands and their uses are: 1) Total Radiation – 0.2 µm to 100 µm: total radiant power in the UV, visible, and infrared wavelengths emerging from Earth. 2) Total Solar Reflected – 0.2 µm to 4 µm: reflected solar radiance in UV, visible, and near infrared wavelengths from Earth. 3) Near Infrared Solar Reflected – 0.7 µm to 4 µm: reflected near infrared solar radiation from Earth. 4) Photodiode – 0.2 µm to 1.1 µm: tracks the stability of the filters, and to verify co-alignment of NISTAR and EPIC. These Level 1B products are the irradiance values computed from Level 1A data collected while the instrument was aimed at the Earth. These data products are in HDF5 format.

DSCOVR_NISTAR_L1B_FILTERED_3 is the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) National Institute of Standards & Technology Advanced Radiometer (NISTAR) Level 1B Radiance Filtered, Version 3 data product. NISTAR is a 4-band radiometer onboard NOAA’s DSCOVR spacecraft located at the Earth-Sun Lagrange-1 (L-1) point, from which vantage it continuously measures the reflected and emitted radiances of the sunlit face of the Earth. These measurements provide an accurate energy balance measurement that improves our understanding of the Earth’s radiation budget. NISTAR employs three electrical substitution radiometers and a photodiode to measure reflected sunlight and infrared emission from the Earth. NISTAR measures the absolute irradiance integrated over the entire sunlit face of Earth in four broadband channels minute-by-minute. NISTAR has a 1º field of view (FOV) that acts as one large pixel that encompasses the entire sunlit side of the Earth, and a 7º field of regard. The four measurement bands and their uses are: 1) Total Radiation – 0.2 µm to 100 µm: total radiant power in the UV, visible, and infrared wavelengths emerging from Earth. 2) Total Solar Reflected – 0.2 µm to 4 µm: reflected solar radiance in UV, visible, and near infrared wavelengths from Earth. 3) Near Infrared Solar Reflected – 0.7 µm to 4 µm: reflected near infrared solar radiation from Earth. 4) Photodiode – 0.2 µm to 1.1 µm: tracks the stability of the filters, and to verify co-alignment of NISTAR and EPIC. These Level 1B products are the irradiance values computed from Level 1A data collected while the instrument was aimed at the Earth. These data products are in HDF5 format.

DSCOVR_NISTAR_L1A is the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) National Institute of Standards & Technology Advanced Radiometer (NISTAR) Level 1A Radiance, Version 3 data product. NISTAR is a 4-band radiometer onboard NOAA’s DSCOVR spacecraft located at the Earth-Sun Lagrange-1 (L-1) point, from which vantage it continuously measures the reflected and emitted radiances of the sunlit face of the Earth. These measurements provide an accurate energy balance measurement that improves our understanding of the Earth’s radiation budget. NISTAR employs three electrical substitution radiometers and a photodiode to measure reflected sunlight and infrared emission from the Earth. NISTAR measures the absolute irradiance integrated over the entire sunlit face of Earth in four broadband channels minute-by-minute. NISTAR has a 1º field of view (FOV) that acts as one large pixel that encompasses the entire sunlit side of the Earth, and a 7º field of regard. The four measurement bands and their uses are: 1) Total Radiation – 0.2 µm to 100 µm: total radiant power in the UV, visible, and infrared wavelengths emerging from Earth. 2) Total Solar Reflected – 0.2 µm to 4 µm: reflected solar radiance in UV, visible, and near infrared wavelengths from Earth. 3) Near Infrared Solar Reflected – 0.7 µm to 4 µm: reflected near infrared solar radiation from Earth. 4) Photodiode – 0.2 µm to 1.1 µm: tracks the stability of the filters, and to verify co-alignment of NISTAR and EPIC. The Level 1A products have been converted to engineering units, but retain their one to one associations with the items in the raw telemetry from which they were derived. These data products are in HDF5 format.

The Deep Space Climate ObserVatoRy (DSCOVR) satellite is a NOAA operated asset at the first Lagrange (L1) point. The primary space weather instrument is the PlasMag suite. PlasMag includes a fluxgate magnetometer (MAG) that measures the local magnetic field, and a Faraday Cup (FC) that measures the solar wind bulk properties (wind speed, density and temperature). The PlasMag solar wind data are essential inputs for the forecasts and nowcasts provided to SWPC customers. The PlasMag data are also available to scientists for sensor cal/val and for research purposes. DSCOVR was launched on Feb. 11, 2015, so all data present in the Archive from earlier dates are data used for ground testing, and do not represent the space environment. DSCOVR became operational on July 27, 2016. End Of Life (EOL) is anticipated to be December 2019. NCEI plans to receive data until EOL, and will continue to archive the data in accordance with Data Center policies.

Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) is a 10-channel spectro-radiometer (317 – 780 nm) onboard National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) DSCOVR spacecraft located at the Earth-Sun Lagrange-1 (L-1) point giving EPIC a unique angular perspective that is used in science applications to measure ozone, aerosols, cloud reflectivity, cloud height, vegetation properties, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation estimates at Earth's surface. EPIC provides ten narrow-band spectral images of the entire sunlit face of the Earth using a 2048x2048 pixel Charge Coupled Device (CCD) detector coupled to a 30-cm aperture Cassegrain telescope. EPIC collects radiance data from the Earth and other sources through the Camera/Telescope Assembly. EPIC has a field of view (FOV) of 0.62 degrees, sufficient to image the entire Earth. Because of DSCOVR's tilted (Lissajous) orbit about the L‐1 point, the apparent angular size of the Earth varies from 0.45 to 0.53 degrees within its 6-month orbital period. Depending on the season, a complete set of per-band images is taken every 60 to 100 minutes.Accompanying instrument metadata and a series of calibrations and corrections are applied to convert the images to Level 1A format properly. The significant corrections are for flat‐fielding and stray light. Flat-fielding is based on measurements with a uniform light source to measure the differences in sensitivity for each of the 4 million pixels. The resulting correction map is applied to the estimated counts from the CCD. Stray light was measured in the laboratory using a series of small-diameter light sources entering the telescope and imaged on the CCD. A similar set of measurements has been performed on orbit using the moon. The illumination of pixels outside the primary diameter of the light source was measured to produce a detailed matrix map of the entire stray light function, and the resulting stray light correction was applied to every image. Other corrections are also used based on laboratory measurements. For wavelengths longer than 550 nm, there are back-to-front interference effects in the partially transparent CCD (etaloning) that must also be removed from measured radiance.The Level 1B products contain calibrated and geolocated EPIC images with ancillary metadata. These data products are in HDF5 format.

The NASA/NOAA Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) and Albedo Local Solar Noon product (VNP43D41) is produced daily using 16 days of data at 30 arc second (1,000 meter) resolution. Data are temporally weighted to the ninth day, which is reflected in the file name. The VNP43D product suite is provided in a Climate Modeling Grid (CMG), which covers the entire globe for use in climate simulation models. Due to the large file size, each VNP43D product contains just one data layer for each of the parameters included in the [VNP43MA2](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP43MA2.002) product. VNP43D40 through VNP43D53 are the 30 arc second BRDF/Albedo Quality values, the Local Solar Noon values, the Valid Observations of the moderate resolution bands (M1 through M5, M7, M8, M10, and M11) plus the Day/Night Band (DNB), the Snow Status, and the Uncertainty. Details regarding methodology are available on the [VNP43MA2](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP43MA2.002) product page and in the Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document ([ATBD](https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/documents/194/VNP43_ATBD_V1.pdf)).. VNP43D41 contains the local solar zenith angle at the local solar noon of the representative pixel for the retrieval period.Known Issues* For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue).Improvements/Changes from Previous Version* Improved calibration algorithm and better coefficients for entire Suomi NPP mission.* Improved geolocation accuracy and updates to fix outliers around maneuver periods and other events.* Corrections to the aerosol quantity flag (low, average, high) mainly over brighter surfaces in the mid to high latitudes such as desert and tropical vegetation areas. This has an impact on the retrieval of other downstream data products such as VNP13 Vegetation Indices and VNP43 BRDF/Albedo.* Improved cloud mask input product for corrections along coastlines and artifacts from use of coarse resolution climatology data.* Replaced the land/water mask input product with MODIS heritage seven class land/water mask.

This dataset contains Commercial (Comm) Radio Occultation (RO) raw data from Spire Global Subsidiary, which is an established method for remote sounding of the atmosphere. The technique uses an instrument in low-Earth orbit (LEO) to track radio signals from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) transmitters as they rise or set through the atmosphere. The occulting atmosphere refracts or bends the radio signals, and given the precise positions of both satellites, the bending angle can be deduced from the time delay of the signal. Collecting these measurements for a full occultation through the atmosphere provides a vertical profile of bending angles, from which profiles of physical quantities such as temperature, humidity, and ionospheric electron density can be retrieved. These data primarily feed numerical weather prediction (NWP) models that support weather forecasts, and also support space weather analysis/prediction at NOAA.

The High-Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder (HIRS) of intersatellite calibrated channel 12 brightness temperature product is a gridded global monthly time series product spanning from 1979 to the most current full month, updated monthly. Among the twenty channels in the HIRS instrument, channel 12 measures upper tropospheric water vapor. Multiple polar orbiting satellites in the NOAA Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite (POES) and MetOp series have carried HIRS instruments. Due to the independence in calibration of the individual HIRS instruments, biases exist between satellites. Examination of the intersatellite biases shows that the biases are scene brightness temperature dependent. These HIRS channel 12 measurements from the NOAA POES and MetOp series are calibrated to a baseline satellite based on intersatellite bias correction data. The dataset is provided as monthly mean 2.5x2.5 degree latitude/longitude in netcdf format. This CDR is key to understanding water vapor feedback climatology and has been used to study long-term water vapor variability, to evaluate climate models, and to study large-scale atmospheric circulations.