HUNDSONAR (CW2015, ES60). HUDSONAR is a bioacoustic survey of the Hudson River Estuary being conducted aboard the Hudson River Sloop Clearwater by the Acoustic Laboratory for Ecology Studies at Stony Brook University.

HUNDSONAR (CW2016, ES60). HUDSONAR is a bioacoustic survey of the Hudson River Estuary being conducted aboard the Hudson River Sloop Clearwater by the Acoustic Laboratory for Ecology Studies at Stony Brook University.

HUDSONAR (CW2013, EK60). HUDSONAR is a bioacoustic survey of the Hudson River Estuary being conducted aboard the Hudson River Sloop Clearwater by the Acoustic Laboratory for Ecology Studies at Stony Brook University with support from the Hudson River Foundation.

Oregon - Washington Sardine Survey. Forty of the forty-two primary stations were occupied after dusk and prior to sunrise. Daytime activities included occupying fine scale patterns relative to the previous station using the ES-60 sounder. At each night station the following activities were performed: a. Deployment of a Seabird SeaCat down to 100 meters, bottom depth permitting. The self-contained CTD collected depth, temperature, conductivity and chlorophyll data. b. A standard Pairovet cast. The Pairovet net was fished from 70 meters to the surface (depth permitting) using paired 25 cm diameter 150 µm mesh nets. The technical requirements for the Pairovet tow was: Descent rate of 70 meters per minute, a terminal depth time of 10 seconds and an ascent rate of 70 meters per minute. c. Standard meteorological data including SST, wind speed and direction, wave height and direction, cloud cover, relative humidity, air temperature and barometric pressure. d. During all transit between stations continuous acoustic measurements were made using the ES-60. e. A Nordic 264 mid-water trawl using 3.0 m² foam core doors was towed at the surface for 30 minutes traveling at approximately 3.5 knots. Every catch was sorted and sardines were sampled.

Sardine Survey. Forty-two primary stations were occupied during the survey. At each station the following activities were performed: a. Deployment of a Seabird SeaCat down to 100 meters, bottom depth permitting. The self-contained CTD collected depth, temperature, conductivity and chlorophyll data. b. A standard Pairovet cast was deployed concurrently with the CUFES system. The Pairovet net was fished from 70 meters to the surface (depth permitting) using paired 25 cm diameter 150 µm mesh nets. The technical requirements for the Pairovet tow was: Descent rate of 70 meters per minute, a terminal depth time of 10 seconds and an ascent rate of 70 meters per minute. All tows with wire 2 angles exceeding 15° during the ascent were repeated. c. Standard meteorological data including SST, wind speed and direction, wave height and direction, cloud cover, relative humidity, air temperature and barometric pressure. d. During all transit between stations continuous measurements were made of pelagic fish eggs (CUFES) and acoustic targets using the ES-60. All acoustic targets and egg densities were recorded for reoccupation during the night portion of the survey.

This survey was conducted to estimate the abundance and map the distribution of menhaden (Brevortia tyrannus) that are overwintering in the mid-Atlantic Bight off the coast of New Jersey, USA. The survey was conducted using a shipboard ES80 echosounder and ES38-B split-beam Simrad transducer. Catches were completed using the commercial midwater trawl on board the F/V Dyrsten. This survey was funded under a NOAA SK grant to Genny Nesslage of the Chesapeake Biological Laboratory at the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science.

2008 Outer Limits Coast. This cruise implemented the COAST protocols at Cordell Bank and Fanny Shoals in collaboration with the Cordell Bank and Gulf of the Farallons National Marine Sanctuaries and the Golden Gate Sportfishing Association. The Collaborative Optically-assisted Acoustic Survey Technique (COAST) was developed at SWFSC to survey rockfish dispersions and abundances, by species. The technique uses historical fishing maps to initially define the survey sites; active-acoustics to map the dispersion and abundance of rockfish; and video and still images to estimate the mixture of species and their sizes. The cameras are deployed from a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). The physical oceanographic habitat is characterized using a CTD with a dissolved oxygen sensor.

Pacific salmon are an important cultural, commercial, and biological resource for countries of the North Pacific rim. The geographic distribution of these salmon spans the North Pacific Ocean (NPO), where they occupy a variety of ecosystems and water masses throughout their ocean life history phase. There are significant gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms that regulate distribution, productivity/survival in coastal and high seas environments. These gaps hamper our ability to usefully inform management decisions related to fisheries and habitat across freshwater, coastal and high seas ecosystems. As a changing climate and associated anomalous events in the large marine ecosystems of the NPO progressively expose Pacific salmon to conditions that are outside the "normal" climate cycles, society will confront new resource management issues. These include the future of the cultures and subsistence lifestyles of local Indigenous communities, potential impacts of industrial activities (e.g., commercial fishing), potential changes to regional ocean carrying capacity, and resilience of North Pacific marine ecosystems. In addition, the growing threat of illegal, unreported, and unregulated high seas fishing and the recovery of salmon populations listed under the US Endangered Species Act and Canadian Species at Risk Act has increased the need for timely advice about salmon distribution. An international effort is required to detect and monitor changes in salmon and their ecosystem because stocks from all major salmon States of origin are distributed in the NPO. Salmon originate in producer nations rivers migrate through the exclusive economic zones of coastal states and intermingle in the high seas. In response to this need, the NPAFC, with partners and collaborating scientists in academia, NGOs and the private sector, is conducting an ambitious high seas research expedition with up to five research vessels surveying the full breadth of the NPO in late winter 2022. The expedition will test a collaborative research framework to better understand the mechanisms and processes that regulate the distribution and abundance of Pacific salmon and steelhead trout; to promote sustainable populations of anadromous populations in the NPO; to allow for better forecasts of salmon production trends in the future; and to enhance the sustainable fisheries management, food security, and economic security in salmon States. Our key methodological approach is to conduct an international survey of salmon and their ecosystems in the offshore regions of the NPO by deploying survey vessels at key times and areas to provide a seasonal picture of the distribution, migration and ecology of salmon in the high seas. This information will be connected to survey data (past and present) from NPAFC member countries conducting integrated ecosystem research within their Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) and previous international salmon research in the high seas. Together, these surveys provide a unique opportunity for research towards conservation and management of Pacific salmon. This effort builds on decades of high seas trawl surveys by the Russian Federation and other countries in the NPO and successful international research endeavors by the NPAFC and its precursor the International North Pacific Fisheries Commission (INPFC), such as the Bering Aleutian Salmon International Survey (BASIS; NPAFC Doc. 579 Rev 2). Two recent winter surveys to the Gulf of Alaska in 2019 and 2020, which were privately organized by Dr. Dick Beamish and Dr. Brian Riddell, form the proof of concept and provide baseline data comparable to this larger scale survey. The organization and operation of the first expedition was highly supported by the NPAFC Secretariat staff. The project is a Signature Project within the NPAFCs five-year International Year of the Salmon initiative (20182022), an effort dedicated to set the conditions supporting the resilience of salmon and people in a

Offshore Galway (CV14_02, EM2040)

Offshore Galway (CV14_03, EM2040)