The effect of microgravity on gene expression in C.elegans was comprehensively analysed by DNA microarray. This is the first DNA microarray analysis for C.elegans grown under microgravity. Hyper gravity and clinorotation experiments were performed as reference against the flight experiment.

Changes in the physical environment modulate cell responses and may lead to the impairment or even failure of tissue function as a result of mechanotransduction processes. It has been suggested that this situation occurs in some age-related diseases and some pathological conditions observed in space such as cardiovascular deconditioning bone loss muscle atrophy and impaired immune responses. All of these are associated with endothelial dysfunction but the precise mechanism is still unclear. We used the microarray approach to obtain insights into the mechanism responsible for endothelial dysfunction by taking advantage of the challenging environment of gravitational unloading onboard the International Space Station. The effects of gravitational unloading on HUVEC gene expression were investigated by means of cDNA microarray analyses of six randomly chosen samples (three for each of the two conditions of spaceflight and 1g) using Affymetrix Gene Human 1.0 ST Arrays

Microgravity effect on C. elegans gene expression was analysed by whole genome microarray. The worms were cultivated under microgravity for 8 days in the Japanese Module of the International Space Station. The samples of this study were divided three experimental groups: 1. microgravity for 8 days 2. artificial 1G control for 8 days on orbit 3. ground 1G control for 8 days This study was repeated with three biological and two technical replicates.

Microgravity effect on C. elegans gene expression was analysed by whole genome microarray. The worms were cultivated under microgravity for 8 days in the Japanese Module of the International Space Station. The samples of this study were divided three experimental groups: 1. microgravity for 8 days 2. artificial 1G control for 8 days on orbit 3. ground 1G control for 8 days This study was repeated with three biological and two technical replicates.

The spaceflight experiment was carried out using male C57BL/10J mice (8 weeks old at launch). Wild type mice (n=3) were launched by Space Shuttle Discovery and housed on the International Space Station (ISS) for 91 days. They returned to the Earth by Space Shuttle Atlantis. But only one mouse returned to the Earth alive. Whole brain was sampled from the mouse killed by inhalation of carbon dioxide at the Life Sciences Support Facility of Kennedy Space Center within 3-4 hours after landing. After the spaceflight experiment the on-ground experiment was also carried out at the Advanced Biotechnology Center in Genova Italy. A mouse with the same species sex and age was housed in mice drawer system (MDS) which was utilized for the spaceflight (SF) mice for 3 months as the ground control (GC). Another mouse was housed in normal vivarium cage as the laboratory control (LC). Amount of food and water supplementation and environmental conditions were simulated as the flight group. After 3 months brain was sampled from one mouse in group GC and LC respectively. Comprehensive analyses of gene expression were performed in the right brain. Total of 4,000 genes were analyzed. The expression levels of 60 genes significantly changed in response to SF compared with LC and/or GC. The 15 and 16 genes were up- (> 2 folds) and down-regulated (< 0.5 folds) respectively following SF vs. GC. The levels of 58 genes were significantly altered by housing in MDS in space and/or on the ground. Forty seven and 11 genes were significantly up- and down-regulated vs. LC. Twenty seven out of these genes responded to caging in MDS both in space and on the ground. Further 31 genes were influenced by housing in MDS on the Earth. Responses of the characteristics of brain to long-term gravitational unloading were investigated in mice.

The effect of microgravity on gene expression in C.elegans was comprehensively analysed by DNA microarray (Agilent). Overall design: Mix staged C. elegans N2 was exposed microgravity for 10 days.

The effect of microgravity on gene expression in C.elegans was comprehensively analysed by DNA microarray (Agilent). Overall design: Mix staged C. elegans N2 was exposed microgravity for 10 days.

We used microarrays to investigate the effects of microgravity and space radiation on the genome-wide expression of the C. elegans. Three technical replicates of wild type C. elegans (CC1 strain) which exposed to space radiation are analyzed along with ground control.

To realistically evaluate the effects of the environment in space it is necessary to understand the effects of external factors during sample transport from Earth to space. The present study focused on temperature profiling the altered gene expression that develops under low cultivation temperatures in C. elegans used as a space life science model. The 7903 genes were selected as differentially expressed genes and divided into five sets with similar expression patterns using k-means clustering. Results from Gene Ontology analysis are significantly indicated that the cell cycle related genes and the TGF?/insulin-like signal pathway related genes changed. The TGF?/insulin-like signal pathway is expected to be activated due to low temperatures as well as by other stressors. To determine the genes whose expression changed four thermal conditions (10 15 20 and 25 xa1C) DNA microarray analysis was performed. The data consisted of 12 samples consisting of three biological replicates at each temperature.

To realistically evaluate the effects of the environment in space it is necessary to understand the effects of external factors during sample transport from Earth to space. The present study focused on temperature profiling the altered gene expression that develops under low cultivation temperatures in C. elegans used as a space life science model. The 7903 genes were selected as differentially expressed genes and divided into five sets with similar expression patterns using k-means clustering. Results from Gene Ontology analysis are significantly indicated that the cell cycle related genes and the TGF?/insulin-like signal pathway related genes changed. The TGF?/insulin-like signal pathway is expected to be activated due to low temperatures as well as by other stressors. To determine the genes whose expression changed four thermal conditions (10 15 20 and 25 xa1C) DNA microarray analysis was performed. The data consisted of 12 samples consisting of three biological replicates at each temperature.