M4. Biophysical moorings deployed 2014-2018 at established NOAA/PMEL data-collection site "M4" on the eastern Bering Sea Shelf resulted in five annual time-series data sets that are presented herein. Moorings were deployed at the M4 site in the Fall of each year at approximate location 57.89N, 186.9W, NE of the Pribilof Islands, Alaska and SW of Nunivak Island, Alaska; in September 2015, 2016 and 2017, and October in 2014 and 2018. Contract Fishing Vessel Aquila was used for deployments in 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2018 (cruises AQ1401, AQ1501, AQ1601 and AQ1801, respectively). NOAA Ship Oscar Dyson was used for deployment in 2017 (cruise DY1708). Moorings and instruments were left over winter and recovered the following Fall with the exception of the 2018 data set which was left in the water in 2019 due to prohibitive weather conditions and was recovered in 2020. Biophysical subsurface mooring filenames, e.g. 15bs-4a, indicate deployment year (15 for 2015) area (bs is Bering Sea) and defined location ("4" for M4). Instrumentation included SeaBird SBE-37 (Microcat), SBE-39, SBE 56 (temperature sensor) and SBE 16 (Seacat) profilers, and WetLabs EcoFluorometers; instruments and deployed depths varied between years. Data include temperature, conductivity, salinity, pressure, water depth, raw chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll a. The cruise was funded by NOAA, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory EcoFOCI program and NOAA Arctic Research Program with additional support from AOOS, the NOAA-regional ocean data partnership. The Ecosystem and Fisheries-Oceanography Coordinated Investigations (EcoFOCI) program is a partnership between NOAA PMEL and NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science center (AFSC). Scientists from PMEL and the University of Washington cooperative institute (CICOES) collaborated in this data collection and the related data processing and analysis. Deployment and recovery operations on this cruise were managed by EcoFOCI personnel from NOAA/PMEL, NOAA/AFSC and UW/CICOES. Mooring time series data were processed at NOAA/PMEL/EcoFOCI using standard techniques. Time is recorded as UTC. Data contacts: Phyllis Stabeno, Shaun Bell, Ryan McCabe, Peggy Sullivan. Data are in NetCDF, longitudes are in "degree_west".

CTD profile data (91 casts) were collected in the northern Bering, Chukchi, Beaufort Seas, and Arctic Ocean from the Research Vessel Ocean Starr (OS1901 Legs 1,2,3), August 6 to September 27, 2019. The research cruise was part of the Arctic Integrated Ecosystem Survey (Arctic IES) funded as part of the North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) Arctic Integrated Ecosystem Research Program (Arctic IERP). The program and research on this expedition were sponsored by NPRB and the Bureau of Ocean and Energy Management (BOEM), with in-kind support by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA, PMEL and AFSC). These data contribute to understanding how reductions in Arctic sea ice and associated changes in the physical environment influence the flow of energy through the ecosystems of the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas. The physical data are part of a wider range of data collected towards this effort. This year’s survey was notable in that there was no sea ice within the survey region from 72.5N in the Chukchi Sea into the nearshore regions of the Beaufort Sea and south to the Bering Strait. Ice was present in the northern regions of our survey area during surveys that occurred in 2012 and 2013. Additionally, sea surface temperatures were warmer than previous years ranging from 5.3°C (42°F) to 10.9°C (52°F); the coldest sea surface temperatures were found at the offshore Chukchi Slope stations, with the warmest found inshore between Icy Cape and Ledyard Bay. CTD data and water samples were collected by NOAA, PMEL Ecosystems & Fisheries-Oceanography Coordinated Investigations (EcoFOCI). Variables include dual temperatures (°C), dual salinity, chlorophyll fluorescence(ugrams/l), Photosynthetic Active Radiation (PAR, uEin m-2 s-1), oxygen concentration (umol/kg), and calculated values Sigma-T (kg m-3) and oxygen percent saturation (percent) This dataset contains 1-meter-averaged water-column profile data. Profile data from CTD instruments were processed at NOAA/PMEL/EcoFOCI using standard techniques. CTD data contacts: Phyllis Stabeno, Ryan McCabe, Calvin Mordy, Peggy Sullivan, Shaun Bell. Scientists from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL), ; Ecosystems and Fisheries-Oceanography Coordinated Investigations (EcoFOCI); University of Washington, Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean, and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES); North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) Arctic Integrated Ecosystem Research Program (Arctic IERP); Bureau of Ocean and Energy Management (BOEM) particilated. Data are in NetCDF. Longitudes are in degW.

These time-series data sets are from Current Profilers and other instruments on biophysical and ADCP moorings at NOAA Data Observatory "M2" on the southeastern Bering Sea Shelf. Instruments on summer moorings 17bsm-2a and 17bsp-2a (ADCP & biophysical, respectively) were deployed in April, 2017 (NOAA Ship Oscar Dyson DY17-04) and recovered at the end of September, 2017 (NOAA Ship Oscar Dyson, DY17-08). Over-wintering moorings 17bs-2c & 17bsp-2b (biophysical and ADCP, respectively) were deployed on October 2, 2017 and recovered April 30- May 1, 2018 (Oscar Dyson DY18-05). Surface mooring 17bsm-2a, indicated by the "m", had WeatherPak instruments on a surface float. The other 3 were subsurface moorings. The "p" in "bsp" indicates an ADCP current-meter mooring. Instrumentation included Aanderaa RCM-9 current meter, Teledyne RDI Workhorse Sentinel ADCP (WCP), PMEL MTR temperature recorders, SeaBird SBE-37 (Microcat), SBE-39, SBE-56, SBE 16 plus (Seacat) profilers and WetLabs EcoFluorometers. Data include current speed and direction, calculated current components U and V, temperature, conductivity, salinity, pressure, water depth, oxygen concentration, calculated oxygen percent saturation, turbidity, raw chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll a. The cruise was funded by NOAA, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory EcoFOCI program and Alaska Ocean Observing System (AOOS), the NOAA-regional ocean data partnership. Deployment and recovery operations on this cruise were managed by EcoFOCI personnel from NOAA/PMEL. Mooring time series data were processed at NOAA/PMEL/EcoFOCI using standard techniques. Time is recorded as UTC. Data contacts: Phyllis Stabeno, Shaun Bell, Ryan McCabe, Peggy Sullivan. Longitudes are stored in degW.

These time-series data sets are from a Current Profiler and other instruments on 2 moorings at NOAA Data Observatory "M2" on the southeastern Bering Sea Shelf. Moorings 21bsm-2a and 21bsp-2a (biophysical & ADCP, respectively) were deployed in May, 2021 (NOAA Ship Oscar Dyson DY21-03) and recovered in January, 2022 (21bsm-2a) and May, 2022 (21BSP-2A, NOAA Ship Oscar Dyson, DY22-06). Surface mooring 21bsm-2a (indicated by "m") instrumentation included PMEL MTR temperature recorders, SeaBird SBE-37 (Microcat), SBE-39, SBE-56, SBE 16 plus (Seacat) profilers, a SeaBird Optical UV nitrate sensor (SUNA V2), a ProOceanus Mini Total Dissolved Gas Pressure (TDGP) sensor and WetLabs EcoFluorometers. WeatherPak surface instruments on the float were lost at sea with suspected sea ice damage. A subsurface 300 kHz Teledyne RDI Acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) mooring 21bsp-2a (indicated by "p") on a second mooring recorded water-column currents. Data include Zonal (U), Meridional (V) and Vertical (W) current components, temperature, conductivity, salinity, pressure, water depth, oxygen concentration, calculated oxygen percent saturation, nitrate, total dissolved gas pressure and raw chlorophyll fluorescence. Data are in NetCDF. The cruise was funded by NOAA, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory EcoFOCI program and the Arctic Climate Program (ACP). Deployment and recovery operations on cruises were managed by EcoFOCI personnel from NOAA/PMEL. Mooring time series data were processed at NOAA/PMEL/EcoFOCI using standard techniques. Time is recorded as UTC. Data contacts: Phyllis Stabeno, Shaun Bell, Ryan McCabe, Peggy Sullivan.

This dataset contains measurements conducted as part of meteorological and hydrographic surveys including marine biogeochemical samplings in the northern Bering Sea and Arctic Ocean on board the R/V Mirai, cruise MR16-06, from 22 August to 5 October 2016 under the Arctic Challenge for Sustainability (ArCS) Project. This dataset is U.S. State Department MSR U2016-011 as part of the World Data Service for Oceanography and Geophysics. Cruise data are available from the JAMSTEC DARWIN portal (see the Documentation).

This dataset contains physical and biological oceanographic measurements, and atmospheric parameters were taken by CTD, bottles, and other instruments from the R/V Mirai, MR24-07 Leg1, in the Bering Sea to study the general oceanography of the Bering Sea. This dataset is U.S. State Department MSR U2024-010 as part of the World Data Services for Geophysics and Oceanography.

This CTD and Niskin bottles data set, consisting of 71 casts, was collected in the Chukchi Sea from the F/V Aquila (AQ16-01, September 4 - 29, 2016) within the Arctic Long-Term Integrated Mooring Array (ALTIMA) area. The cruise was funded by NOAA’s Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR), with supplemental funding from the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) through the Arctic Whale Ecology Study (ARCWEST). These data add to long-term datasets begun under several BOEM initiatives (see “Purpose”). CTD operations on this cruise were managed by EcoFOCI personnel from NOAA/PMEL. Profile data from CTD instruments were processed at NOAA/PMEL/EcoFOCI using standard techniques. Data from bottle samples include phosphate, silicate, nitrate, nitrite and ammonium. Profile data are averaged to a 1-meter grid, with missing data listed as NaN. Salinity was calculated (PSS-78), from conductivity and temperature (ITS90). Sigma-t was calculated from primary temperature and salinity. Nutrient samples were analyzed according to the methods of Gordon et al, 1993 and Mantoura, Woodward, 1983 (see references below). Samples were collected in 50 ml high-density polyethylene bottles that were rinsed first with 10% HCl prior to each station, and rinsed at least three times with sample before filling. Some samples were refrigerated for 3-12 hours prior to analysis, and some frozen for later analysis. CTD data contact: Phyllis Stabeno, Peggy Sullivan, Shaun Bell, Calvin Mordy (nutrients). This cruise was conducted by NOAA/OAR, NMML, AFSC, BOEM, PMEL and EcoFOCI participants. Data are in CSV format. Longitudes are in deg_west.

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This dataset includes biological, chemical, discrete sample, physical and profile data collected from NATHANIEL B. PALMER in the Arctic Ocean, Beaufort Sea and Bering Sea from 2003-07-05 to 2003-08-20 and retrieved during cruise CARINA_320620030705. These data include AMMONIUM, CHLOROPHYLL A, Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM), DISSOLVED ORGANIC CARBON, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, FLUORESCENCE, HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE, NITRATE, NITRITE, PHAEOPHYTIN, PHOSPHATE, PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVE RADIATION (PAR), Potential temperature (theta), SALINITY, SILICATE, UREA and WATER TEMPERATURE. The instruments used to collect these data include CTD, PAR Sensor and bottle. These data were collected by Louis A. Codispoti of Horn Point Laboratory (UMCES HPL) and James H. Swift of Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) as part of the CARINA/320620030705 dataset. The CARINA (CARbon dioxide IN the Atlantic Ocean) data synthesis project is an international collaborative effort of the EU IP CARBOOCEAN, and U.S. partners. It has produced a merged internally consistent dataset of open ocean subsurface measurements for biogeochemical investigations, in particular, studies involving the carbon system. The original focus area was the North Atlantic Ocean, but over time the geographic extent expanded and CARINA now includes data from the entire Atlantic, the Arctic Ocean, and the Southern Ocean.