Geomagnetic 10 second data provides high temporal resolution of geomagnetic variations

Geomagnetic Hourly Averages from world wide observatories

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1 minute and hourly values reported as definitive from Intermagnet observatories.

Geomagnetic One Minute Means from world wide observatories

Report on the status of world wide geomagnetic observatories

The NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (formerly National Geophysical Data Center) maintains an active database of worldwide geomagnetic observatory data to further the understanding of Earth magnetism and the Sun-Earth environment.Historically, magnetic observatories were established to monitor the secular change (variation), of the Earth's magnetic field, and this remains one of their most important functions. This generally involves absolute measurements sufficient in number to monitor instrumental drift and to produce annual means. Over 70 countries operate more than 200 observatories worldwide. The magnetic observatory data are crucial to the studies of secular change, investigations into the Earth's interior, navigation, communication, and to global modeling efforts. In addition to the continuously operating magnetic observatories, many countries make measurements at temporary magnetic stations (known as repeat stations), over a period of days every 5 - 10 years.The Earth's magnetic field is described by seven parameters. These are declination (D), inclination (I), horizontal intensity (H), vertical intensity (Z), total intensity (F) and the north (X) and east (Y) components of the horizontal intensity. By convention, declination is considered positive when measured east of north, inclination and vertical intensity positive down, X positive north, and Y positive east. The magnetic field observed on Earth is constantly changing.

This data file was generated as part of the International Magnetospheric Study (IMS). The file consists of values of the geomagnetic components D, H, X, Y, Z, and R averaged from 10-second instantaneous measurements. The 1-minute average values are computed at the Space Environment Center (SEC) in Boulder, Colorado, on the SELDADS computer system. The 10-second values are collected digitally in real time at the ground observatories and relayed to SEC via the SMS_GOES satellite and Wallops Island, Virginia, ground station. Twenty-six geomagnetic observatories provide data.

Geomagnetic Range index using data from multiple observatories - Mayaud 1948

These data are vector and scalar component values of the Earth's magnetic field for 2004 recorded at the Boulder Magnetic Observatory in Colorado. Vector values are measured using 3 mutually orthogonal fluxgate magnetometer sensors. The scalar value of the total magnetic field is recorded with a proton precession magnetometer. All values are calibrated with measurements of the absolute value of the geomagnetic field using a DI-Flux magnetometer. The data are numerically filtered to prevent aliasing, and quality controlled during processing. Longer period values of the field, including hourly, daily, monthly, and annual means are derived from the 1-minute data.