Estimates of Bocconia density in cane and eucalyptus plantations in Wood Valley, Hawaii.

In 2003, the National Park Service acquired 46,943 ha of Kahuku Ranch, in the Ka'u district of Hawai`i. This addition to Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park includes a diverse assemblage of vegetation communities. Since little was known about the communities and their floristic composition, appropriate management practices could not be developed. Surveys conducted between 2004 and 2006 in Kahuku described vegetation communities and located rare, threatened and endangered plants, as well as disruptive alien weeds. Forty-one kilometers of transects and 177 vegetation plots were ground-surveyed, and 6.5 hours of helicopter surveys were conducted. Surveys encountered a total flora of 455 vascular plant species, of which 40% were native. Five endangered, one threatened, one candidate endangered, and seven species of concern were found, as well as 26 locally rare native species. Forty-three disruptive alien plant taxa in and near Kahuku were mapped. Several sites containing high numbers of either rare or invasive plants were identified.

The Pacific Island Inventory and Monitoring Network (PACN) collected data on the status of established invasive plant species in the mangrove community of American Memorial Park (AMME), in the wet forest and subalpine plant communities of Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park (HAVO) and Haleakalā National Park (HALE), and in the wet forests and coastal community of Kalaupapa National Historical Park (KALA). Specifically, crews collected data on nonnative species richness, frequency and cover along 250, 500 and 1,000 meter long belt transects.

The Pacific Island Inventory and Monitoring Network (PACN) collected data on the status of established invasive plant species in the mangrove community of American Memorial Park (AMME), in the wet forest and subalpine plant communities of Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park (HAVO) and Haleakalā National Park (HALE), and in the wet forests and coastal community of Kalaupapa National Historical Park (KALA). Specifically, crews collected data on nonnative species richness, frequency and cover along 250, 500 and 1,000 meter long belt transects.

An inventory of vascular plants in HAVO's Olaa trench was carried out by NPS and USGS/BRD botanists in June and July, 2001.

Exotic plant inventory in Mount Rainier, North Cascades, and Olympic National Parks 2001-2002 tabular data. We focused our survey on habitats most susceptible to exotic plant invasion within the three parks. Susceptible habitats were defined as areas that provided both good substrates for exotic plant establishment and where there was a high probability of exotic seed dispersal. Using this definition, we identified four habitats for surveys: roads, trails, riparian areas (i.e., rivers), and developed zones. The objectives for these inventories were to: 1) document exotic plant species that occur in susceptible habitats in each park, 2) describe distribution and abundance patterns of exotic plant species across vulnerable habitats, 3) identify habitats with the greatest exotic species richness, 4) identify patterns of exotic species richness with respect to elevation and distance from trailhead, and 5) identify priority exotic species for control based on biologic and management considerations. We utilized a two stage sampling design. The first stage or strata was composed of the four sensitive habitats: roads, trails, riparian areas and developed zones. All four habitat types were identified in GIS. Within our four habitats, we included all developed zones on park owned land (i.e., no privately owned lands), all roads, all park maintained trails (i.e., no social or informal trails), and riparian areas with a slope ≤ 8% (safe access for field crews). Roads, trails, and riparian areas were considered to be linear features and were divided into segments along which subsamples (i.e., plots) were distributed. All segments were ≤ 5 miles in length and we generally utilized junctions with other trails, roads, or rivers to identify segments so that the segments could easily be identified in the field. Roads and trails had a minimum segment length of 0.5 miles and riparian areas had a minimum length of 1.0 miles. Segments were numbered within each strata and then randomly selected for sampling. After a random placement of the first plot within the first 0.5 miles of the randomly selected segment, plots were systematically distributed every mile within the road, trail, and riparian segments which had been randomly selected. All plots or subsamples covered an area of 100 m2 however, the dimensions and distribution of the plots varied depending on habitat type. Road and trail plots were 1m x 100 m and were established parallel to the road or trail. The first plot was located on the right or left side of the trail based on a coin toss and successive plots alternated sides. Riparian plots were also 100 m2, but plot dimensions varied based on the terrain in order to locate the entire plot within the riparian zone. Crew members determined the plot dimensions when they arrived at the plot location. Frequently, plots were square (i.e., 10m x 10m), but when rectangular plots were used, they were oriented perpendicular to the river to capture variation in plant distribution within the riparian area. Developed zone plots were 10m x 10 m and were located relative to a random location generated in the GIS. We surveyed 697 plots across the three parks and documented 112 exotic species in 348 (~50%) of the plots. We documented 42 species in MORA, 64 at NOCA, and 81 in OLYM. At all three parks, exotic species richness was generally highest in plots located in roadsides or developed zones. Our study documented 8 species that were not on the parks’ comprehensive online species lists (NPSpecies 2016): 2 at MORA and 6 at OLYM. Although we did not document any new species at NOCA, our study provided previously unavailable abundance information for that park.

Exotic plant inventory in Mount Rainier, North Cascades, and Olympic National Parks 2001-2002 tabular data. We focused our survey on habitats most susceptible to exotic plant invasion within the three parks. Susceptible habitats were defined as areas that provided both good substrates for exotic plant establishment and where there was a high probability of exotic seed dispersal. Using this definition, we identified four habitats for surveys: roads, trails, riparian areas (i.e., rivers), and developed zones. The objectives for these inventories were to: 1) document exotic plant species that occur in susceptible habitats in each park, 2) describe distribution and abundance patterns of exotic plant species across vulnerable habitats, 3) identify habitats with the greatest exotic species richness, 4) identify patterns of exotic species richness with respect to elevation and distance from trailhead, and 5) identify priority exotic species for control based on biologic and management considerations. We utilized a two stage sampling design. The first stage or strata was composed of the four sensitive habitats: roads, trails, riparian areas and developed zones. All four habitat types were identified in GIS. Within our four habitats, we included all developed zones on park owned land (i.e., no privately owned lands), all roads, all park maintained trails (i.e., no social or informal trails), and riparian areas with a slope ≤ 8% (safe access for field crews). Roads, trails, and riparian areas were considered to be linear features and were divided into segments along which subsamples (i.e., plots) were distributed. All segments were ≤ 5 miles in length and we generally utilized junctions with other trails, roads, or rivers to identify segments so that the segments could easily be identified in the field. Roads and trails had a minimum segment length of 0.5 miles and riparian areas had a minimum length of 1.0 miles. Segments were numbered within each strata and then randomly selected for sampling. After a random placement of the first plot within the first 0.5 miles of the randomly selected segment, plots were systematically distributed every mile within the road, trail, and riparian segments which had been randomly selected. All plots or subsamples covered an area of 100 m2 however, the dimensions and distribution of the plots varied depending on habitat type. Road and trail plots were 1m x 100 m and were established parallel to the road or trail. The first plot was located on the right or left side of the trail based on a coin toss and successive plots alternated sides. Riparian plots were also 100 m2, but plot dimensions varied based on the terrain in order to locate the entire plot within the riparian zone. Crew members determined the plot dimensions when they arrived at the plot location. Frequently, plots were square (i.e., 10m x 10m), but when rectangular plots were used, they were oriented perpendicular to the river to capture variation in plant distribution within the riparian area. Developed zone plots were 10m x 10 m and were located relative to a random location generated in the GIS. We surveyed 697 plots across the three parks and documented 112 exotic species in 348 (~50%) of the plots. We documented 42 species in MORA, 64 at NOCA, and 81 in OLYM. At all three parks, exotic species richness was generally highest in plots located in roadsides or developed zones. Our study documented 8 species that were not on the parks’ comprehensive online species lists (NPSpecies 2016): 2 at MORA and 6 at OLYM. Although we did not document any new species at NOCA, our study provided previously unavailable abundance information for that park.

This data included data and metadata on 1) the number of open fruit of Hibiscidelphus giffardianus, 2) Mark recapture data for rats, 3) location data for rat traps within plots and 4) seedling count data for Hibiscidelphus giffardianus. All sites were within Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. This study aims to evaluate the effect of rat population control on the ability of Hibiscadelphus giffardianus to successfully establish seedlings. We compared H. giffardianus fruiting and recruitment in a stand treated for rats and a neighboring control stand. The study was conducted in two neighboring kīpuka, Kīpuka Puaulu and Kīpuka Kī, which are patches of well-developed forest surrounded by more recent lava flows. These kīpuka lie 2.5 km northwest of Kīlauea Caldera in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park on the island of Hawai`i. The 700 × 700 m rat-removal treatment area falls within Kīpuka Kī, and Kīpuka Puaulu served as a control. We monitored 181 mature, fruit-bearing individuals of this species, of which there exist 223 total.