This 2' gravity density grid for the Principal Hawaiian Islands displays the distribution of about 61,000 terrestrial and marine gravity data held in the National Geodetic Survey gravity data base in July 1996. These data were augmented by gravity data contributions from NGA (former National Imagery and Mapping Agency (former Defence Mapping Agency)) and by satellite altimeter-derived marine gravity anomalies computed by Sandwell and Smith (1996). The values show the number of gravity data contained in a given 2' cell. Additional information is available at http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/GEOID/geoid.html We are particularly grateful to NGA (former National Imagery and Mapping Agency) for their assistance and their data contributions.

The Decade of North American Geology (DNAG) gravity grid values, spaced at 6 km, were used to produce the Gravity Anomaly Map of North America (1987; scale 1:5,000,000). Considerable caution should be exercised when using these gridded data in regions of sparse coverage (for example, deep oceanic areas). The spatial distribution of the original data from which the grid was generated is shown on sheet 5 of the published map. Note: There are no gridded data values for Mexico.

The gravity station data (32 records) were gathered by Mr. Seth I. Gutman for AridTech Inc., Denver, Colorado using a Worden Prospector gravity meter. This data base was received in June 1985. Principal gravity parameters include Free-air Anomalies and Simple Bouguer Anomalies (no terrain correction applied). The observed gravity values are referenced to the International Gravity Standardization Net 1971 (IGSN 71). The gravity anomaly computation uses the Geodetic Reference System 1967 (GRS 67) theoretical gravity formula. The data are randomly distributed within the area of central San Bernardino County, California.

This data set includes gravity measurements for the Island of Hawai`i collected as the source data for "Deep magmatic structures of Hawaiian volcanoes, imaged by three-dimensional gravity models" (Kauahikaua, Hildenbrand, and Webring, 2000). Data for 3,611 observations are stored as a single table and disseminated in .CSV format. Each observation record includes values for field station ID, latitude and longitude (in both Old Hawaiian and WGS84 projections), elevation, and Observed Gravity value. See associated publication for reduction and interpretation of these data.

A detailed gravimetric geoid has been computed on a 10' by 10' grid for Canada by the University of New Brunswick. This data base was received in April 1989. Principal gravity parameters include latitude, east longitude, and total geoidial height above GRS'80 reference ellipsoid. The gravity data used for the spheroidal Stokes's integration consisted of point gravity anomalies for the innermost zone, of 5'x5' mean gravity anomalies for the inner zone, and 1x1 degree mean gravity anomalies for the outer zone. The gravity values are based on the International Gravity Standardization Net 1971 (IGSN71) and the reference ellipsoid 1980 (GRS80). For detailed documentation see Technical Report No. 129.

Gravity model for the state of Hawaii. Data is from the following source: Flinders, A.F., Ito, G., Garcia, M.O., Sinton, J.M., Kauahikaua, J.P., and Taylor, B., 2013, Intrusive dike complexes, cumulate cores, and the extrusive growth of Hawaiian volcanoes: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 40, p. 3367-3373, doi:10.1002/grl.50633.

A 2 kilometer terrace-density grid for the Idaho batholith study area. Number of columns is 331 and number of rows is 285. The order of the data is from the lower left to the right and then up one row.

The University of Hawaii Sea Grant College Program's Hawaii and Pacific Islands King Tides Project documents high water level events known as King Tides to better understand future impacts from sea level rise and other coastal hazards. King Tides provide a window into the future because today's high tides are predicted to become tomorrow's average sea levels. Citizen scientists have contributed to this free, publicly-accessible, and crowd-sourced dataset by photographing King Tides at places important to them throughout Hawaii and Oceania. Photos, observations, date, time, location, and other metadata are submitted online. This publicly-accessible online database informs research, policy, and decision making across the State of Hawaii and the wider Pacific region. King tides are the highest astronomical tides of the year. The scientific term for a King Tide is a perigean spring tide. King Tides in the Hawaiian Islands tend to occur during the summer (e.g., July and August) and winter months (e.g., December and January) in conjunction with new moons and full moons. King Tides, or the highest high tides of the year, are a unique coastal hazard. The timing of these extreme water level events can be anticipated through the use of tidal predictions, yet their impacts (e.g., coastal flooding and inundation in low-lying areas) can have devastating consequences for coastal inhabitants, particularly when combined with severe weather or high wave events. It is a common misconception that King Tides are the result of man-made climate change. When in reality, they are not byproducts of climate change, rather they are windows for us to see what the future of sea level rise from global climate change might look like along our coastlines. With future sea level rise we can expect more frequent high tide flooding and monthly and even daily high tides exceeding coastal inundation thresholds. When sharing these photographs, please cite this project with the following attribution: (c) Hawaii Sea Grant King Tides Project, (year of photo). Some rights reserved. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

A 1.5 kilometer Bouguer anomaly grid for the state of Minnesota. Number of columns is 404 and number of rows is 463. The order of the data is from the lower left to the right and then up one row.

CRED SVP drifter Argos_ID 30340 was deployed in the region of Main Hawaiian Islands to assess ocean currents and sea surface temperature. SVP drifter data files contain drifter ids, year, month, day, hour, minute, second, GPS latitude and longitude. Drifter data was collected hourly. All dates and times are UTC. Contact Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), NOAA Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center for more information. https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/pacific-islands/ecosystems/coral-reefs-pacific