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INTEGRAL ISGRI 4-Year Source Catalog
In its first 4 years of observing the sky above 20 keV, the INTEGRAL Soft Gamma-ray Imager (ISGRI) detected ~ 500 sources, around half of which were new or unknown at these energies. Follow-up observations at other wavelengths revealed that some of these sources feature unusually large column densities, long pulsations, and other interesting characteristics. The authors investigated where new and previously-known sources detected by ISGRI fit in the parameter space of high-energy objects, and they used the parameters to test correlations expected from theoretical predictions. For example, the influence of the local absorbing matter on periodic modulations was studied for Galactic High-Mass X-ray Binaries (HMXBs) with OB supergiant and Be companions. In their paper, they examined the spatial distribution of different types of sources in the Milky Way, using various projections of the Galactic plane, in order to highlight signatures of stellar evolution and to speculate on the origin of the group of sources whose classifications were still uncertain. This table contains all 499 sources detected by ISGRI listed in the reference paper, with the exception of the source 'PSR B1841-04' which was removed from the electronic version of the table by the CDS, after discussion with the author. The table contains the most precise coordinates and error radii available in the literature. Classifications are provided for all sources. When available, the published photoelectric absorption in the X-rays, distances/redshifts, and pulsation and orbital periods are also listed. This table was created by the HEASARC in April 2011 based on <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/A+A/467/585">CDS catalog J/A+A/467/585</a> file table1.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
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INTEGRAL/ISGRI Catalog of Variable X-Ray Sources
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In 6 years of operation, INTEGRAL/ISGRI revealed more than 500 sources. Many of these sources are variable. Taking into account that nearly half of INTEGRAL/ISGRI sources are new and many of them are still unidentified, the variability properties of the sources can serve as additional parameters that may help to classify and identify the unknown sources. In order to study the variability properties of the sources detected by INTEGRAL/ISGRI, the authors have developed a method to quantify the variability of a source which is described in their paper. They have compiled a catalog of the sources that fit their criteria of variability. This catalog gives the values of fractional variability, the flux, and the corresponding 2-sigma errors of the sources from the INTEGRAL Reference Catalog (CDS Cat. J/A+A/411/L59: INTVARCAT in Browse) version 30. The data are given for 3 energy bands: 20-40, 40-100, and 100-200 keV. The exposure times of the sources are given for each energy band only if the source was detected in the given band. This table also gives the source type according to the reference catalog. If the source is localized in more then one map then the weighted mean values of the flux and variability are given. The sources active during specific time periods and not detected at the total variability map are indicated with "b" letter in the source_flag parameter. The sources detected only in the total variability map are indicated with an "i" letter value for this parameter, while a letter "g" indicates that the source was affected by the "ghost" of another source. The mapdet* parameters specify the time period map(s) in which the source was visible, where the presence of an 'X' following a map number means that the source was not detected in the respective significance map, and that a lower limit for the fractional variability is given in such a case. This table was created by the HEASARC in December 2010 based on CDS Catalog J/A+A/522/A68 file table3.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
Fifth IBIS/ISGRI Soft Gamma-Ray Survey Catalog
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This table contains an all-sky soft gamma-ray source catalog based on IBIS observations performed during the first 1000 orbits of INTEGRAL. The database for the construction of the source list consists of all good-quality data available, from the launch of INTEGRAL in 2002, up to the end of 2010. This corresponds to ~ 110 Ms of scientific public observations, with a concentrated coverage on the Galactic Plane and extragalactic deep exposures. This new catalog includes 939 sources above a 4.5-sigma significance threshold detected in the 17-100 keV energy band, of which 120 sources represent previously undiscovered soft gamma-ray emitters. The source positions are determined, mean fluxes are provided in two main energy bands, and these are both reported together with the overall source exposure. Indicative levels of variability are provided, and outburst times and durations are given for transient sources. In the reference paper, a comparison is made with previous IBIS catalogs and catalogs from other similar missions. This database table, the Fifth IBIS/ISGRI source catalog, was ingested by the HEASARC in September 2016 based on the machine-readable version of Table 2 of the above-cited paper, which was obtained from the CDS website. It replaced the previous (fourth) version. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
INTEGRAL Reference Catalog
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The original version of the INTEGRAL Reference Catalog as published in 2003 classified previously known bright X-ray and gamma-ray sources before the launch of INTEGRAL. These sources are, or have been at least once, brighter than ~1 milliCrab above 3 keV energy, and are expected to be detected by INTEGRAL. This catalog was used in the INTEGRAL Quick Look Analysis (QLA) to discover new sources or significantly variable sources. The authors compiled several published X-ray and gamma-ray catalogs, and surveyed recent publications for new sources. Consequently, there were 1121 sources in the original INTEGRAL Reference Catalog. In addition to the source positions, an approximate spectral model and expected flux were given for each source, and the expected INTEGRAL counting rates based on these parameters was derived. Assuming the default instrument performances and at least ~105 seconds exposure time for any part of the sky, it is expected that INTEGRAL will detect at least ~700 sources below 10 keV and ~400 sources above 20 keV over the mission life. After the launch of INTEGRAL, a version of this catalog was placed on the ISDC website at http://www.isdc.unige.ch/integral/science/catalogue and has been updated periodically since then by adding, for example, new sources discovered by INTEGRAL itself (indicated by the IGR prefix in the name). This HEASARC table is based on the web version at the ISDC, and will be updated within a few days of whenever the latter is updated. This database table is updated automatically in the HEASARC database system within one week of any changes to the online web page maintained by the INTEGRAL Science Data Center at the URL http://www.isdc.unige.ch/integral/catalog/latest/catalog.html This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
INTEGRAL IBIS Hard X-Ray Survey Above 100 keV Source Catalog
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This table contains results from an all-sky survey, performed by the Imager on-Board the INTEGRAL Satellite (IBIS) telescope on board the INTErnational Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (INTEGRAL) observatory over 11 years of operation, using data acquired at energies above 100 keV. The catalog of detected sources includes 132 objects. The statistical sample detected on the time-averaged 100-150 keV map at a significance above 5 sigma contains 88 sources: 28 active galactic nuclei (AGNs), 38 low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs), 10 high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) and 12 rotation-powered young X-ray pulsars. The catalog also includes 15 persistent sources, which were registered at a significance 4 sigma <= S/N < 5 sigma, where S/N is the signal-to-noise ratio, but at the same time were firmly detected (>= 12 sigma) in the lower 17-60 keV energy band. All registered sources are known X-ray emitters, which means that the catalog has 100% purity in this respect. Additionally, 29 catalogued sources were detected significantly in different time slices of the survey. In the reference paper presenting the results of this survey, the authors present a hardness ratio for Galactic and extragalactic sources, an LMXB longitudinal asymmetry, and a number-flux relation for non-blazar AGNs. At higher energies, in the 150-300 keV energy band, 25 sources have been detected with S/N >= 5 sigma, including seven AGNs, 13 LMXBs, three HMXBs and two rotation-powered pulsars. Among LMXBs and HMXBs, the authors identified 12 black hole candidates (BHCs) and four neutron star (NS) binaries. For this hard X-ray survey, the authors utilized all publicly available INTEGRAL data acquired by the IBIS telescope between 2002 December and 2014 January (INTEGRAL spacecraft revolutions 26 - 1377). The survey also contains private data from the M82 deep field (PI: Sazonov) and scanning observations of the Galactic Center (PI: Krivonos) and Puppis region (PI: Tsygankov). The survey sky coverage as a function of a 5-sigma limiting flux is shown in Fig. 2 of the reference paper. The peak sensitivity of the survey is about 2 mCrab (8 x 10-12 erg s-1 cm-2 in the 100-150 keV energy band). The survey covers ~10% of the sky down to a flux limit of 3.7 mCrab (1.5 x 10-11 erg s-1 cm-2) and 90% of the sky down to 25 mCrab (10-10 erg s-1 cm-2). The catalog has been compiled from sources passed through detection conditions in the reference 100-150 keV energy band on time-average sky maps (Section 2.1 of the reference paper) and maps built over different time periods (Section 2.2 ibid.). For all 132 sources, the time-averaged fluxes are given, even for those sources which were not detected therein. For some variable sources and for sources which were only detected in certain time periods, the fluxes measured in the specified time intervals are also given. Thus, this catalog has 50 additional rows for such entries, giving it a total size of 182 rows. This table was created by the HEASARC in November 2016 based on the electronic version of Table 2 from the reference paper which was obtained from the CDS (their catalog J/MNRAS/448/3766 file table2.dat). This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
INTEGRAL IBIS Hard X-Ray Survey of Galactic Center
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AT20G/Fermi 1FGL Source Catalog
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The high-frequency radio sky, like the gamma-ray sky surveyed by the Fermi satellite, is dominated by flat-spectrum radio quasars and BL Lac objects at bright flux levels. To investigate the relationship between radio and gamma-ray emission in extragalactic sources, the authors have cross-matched the Australia Telescope 20-GHz survey catalog (AT20G: Murphy et al. 2010, MNRAS, 402, 2403, available as a HEASARC Browse table) with the Fermi-LAT 1-year Point Source Catalog (1FGL: Abdo et al. 2010, ApJS, 188, 405, also available as the HEASARC Browse table FERMILPSC). The 6.0 sr of sky covered by both catalogs (Declination < 0 degrees, |b| > 1.5 degrees) contains 5890 AT20G radio sources and 604 1FGL gamma-ray sources. The AT20G source positions are accurate to within ~1 arcsec and, after excluding known Galactic sources, 43% of Fermi 1FGL sources have an AT20G source within the 95% Fermi confidence ellipse. Monte Carlo tests imply that at least 95% of these matches are genuine associations. Only five gamma-ray sources (1% of the Fermi catalog) have more than one AT20G counterpart in the Fermi error box. The AT20G matches also generally support the active galactic nucleus (AGN) associations in the First LAT AGN Catalog. The authors find a trend of increasing gamma-ray flux density with 20 GHz radio flux density. The Fermi detection rate of AT20G sources is close to 100% for the brightest 20 GHz sources, decreasing to 20% at 1 Jy, and to roughly 1% at 100 mJy. Eight of the matched AT20G sources have no association listed in 1FGL and are presented here as potential gamma-ray AGNs for the first time. The authors also identify an alternative AGN counterpart to one 1FGL source. The percentage of Fermi sources with AT20G detections decreases toward the Galactic plane, suggesting that the 1FGL catalog contains at least 50 Galactic gamma-ray sources in the southern hemisphere that are yet to be identified. This table contains the complete list of all 233 Fermi-AT20G matches. This table was created by the HEASARC in August 2010 based on the electronic version of Table 4 obtained from the ApJ web site. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
Fermi LAT High-Energy Source Catalog (1FHL)
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This table contains the catalog of gamma-ray sources at energies above 10 GeV based on data from the Large Area Telescope (LAT) accumulated during the first 3 years of the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope mission. The first Fermi-LAT catalog of > 10 GeV sources (1FHL) has 514 sources. For each source, the authors present location, spectrum, a measure of variability,and associations with cataloged sources at other wavelengths. They found that 449 (87%) could be associated with known sources, of which 393 (76% of the 1FHL sources) are active galactic nuclei. Of the 27 sources associated with known pulsars, they find 20 (12) to have significant pulsations in the range > 10 GeV (> 25 GeV). In this work, the authors also report that, at energies above 10 GeV, unresolved sources account for 27% +/- 8% of the isotropic gamma-ray background, while the unresolved Galactic population contributes only at the few percent level to the Galactic diffuse background. The authors also highlight the subset of the 1FHL sources that are the best candidates for detection at energies above 50 - 100 GeV with current and future ground-based gamma-ray observatories. The time interval analyzed here is from the beginning of Fermi LAT science operations on 2008 August 4 (MET 239557447) to 2011 August 1 (MET 333849586), covering very nearly 3 years. In this work, the authors analyze gamma rays with energies in the range 10-500 GeV. To limit the contamination from gamma rays produced by cosmic-ray interactions in the upper atmosphere, gamma rays with zenith angles greater than 105 degrees were excluded. To further reduce the residual gamma rays from the upper atmosphere only data for time periods when the spacecraft rocking angle was less than 52 degrees were considered. See Section 2 of the reference paper for further explanations. This table was created by the HEASARC in April 2015 based on CDS Catalog J/ApJS/209/34/ files table3.dat and table7.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
Fermi 2FGL Unassociated Gamma-Ray Sources Possible Radio Identifications
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This table contains some of the results from an all-sky radio survey between 5- and 9-GHz of sky areas surrounding all unassociated gamma-ray objects listed in the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) Second Source Catalog (2FGL). The goal of these observations is to find all new gamma-ray active galactic nucleus (AGN) associations with radio sources > 10 mJy at 8GHz. The authors observed with the Very Large Array (VLA) and the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) the areas around unassociated sources, providing localizations of weak radio point sources found in 2FGL fields at arcminute scales. They then followed up a subset of these with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) and the Long Baseline Array (LBA) in order to confirm detections of radio emission on parsec-scales. The authors quantified association probabilities based on known statistics of source counts and assuming a uniform distribution of background sources. In total, they found 865 radio sources at arcsecond scales as candidates for association and detected 95 of 170 selected for follow-up observations at milliarcsecond resolution. Based on this, they obtained firm associations for 76 previously unknown gamma-ray AGNs. Comparison of these new AGN associations with the predictions from using the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) color-color diagram shows that half of the associations are missed. The authors found that in 129 out of 588 gamma-ray sources observed at arcminute scales not a single radio continuum source was detected above their sensitivity limit within the 3-sigma gamma-ray localization. These "empty" fields were found to be particularly concentrated at low Galactic latitudes. The nature of these Galactic gamma-ray emitters is not yet determined. A list of 216 target fields were observed with the VLA. The instantaneous bandwidth was split into two parts, with one half centered at 5.0 GHz (4.5 - 5.5 GHz) and the other centered at 7.3 GHz (6.8 - 7.8 GHz). The observations were made on 2012 October 26 and 2012 November 3. See section 2.1 of the reference paper for more details. These data are included in this HEASARC table. During the first campaign with the ATCA from 2012 September 19-20, the authors observed 411 2FGL unassociated sources in a Declination range of -90 degrees to +10 degrees at 5.5 and 9 GHz. The details of this observing campaign and results have been reported by Petrov et al. (2013, MNRAS, 432, 1294: available at the HEASARC as the AT2FGLUS table). The authors detected a total of 424 point sources. In a second ATCA campaign on 2013 September 25-28, the authors re-observed sources that were detected at 5 GHz, but were not detected at 9 GHz. See section 2.2 of the reference paper for more details. These data are included in this HEASARC table. Follow-up observations of 149 targets selected from the VLA and ATCA surveys above -30 degrees Declination were conducted with the VLBA between 2013 Feb-Aug (VCS7 project; 4.128 - 4.608 and 7.392 - 7.872 GHz simultaneously) and in 2013 Jun-Dec (campaign S5272; 7.392 - 7.872 GHz only). See section 2.3 of the reference paper for more details. These data are NOT included in this HEASARC table. For sources with Declination below -30 degrees, the authors added 21 objects to the on-going LCS campaign being conducted using the LBA (Petrov et al. 2011, MNRAS, 414, 2528) in 2013 Mar-2013 Jun at 8.200 - 8.520 GHz. See section 2.4 of the reference paper for more details. These data are NOT included in this HEASARC table. This table was created by the HEASARC in May 2015 based on the union of CDS Catalog J/ApJS/217/4/ files table2.dat (the 148 'Category I' objects that were detected at 5.0/5.5 and/or 7.3/9.0 GHz within 2.7' of the 2FGL counterpart localization), table3.dat (the 501 'Category II' objects that were detected at 5.0/5.5 and/or 7.3/9.0 GHz between 2.7' and 6.5' of the 2FGL counterpart localization) and table4.dat (the 216
INTEGRAL IBIS AGN Catalog
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In this work, the authors present the most comprehensive INTEGRAL active galactic nucleus (AGN) sample. It lists 272 AGN for which they have secure optical identifications, precise optical spectroscopy and measured redshift values plus X-ray spectral information, i.e. 2-10 and 20-100 keV fluxes plus column densities. In their paper, the authors mainly use this sample to study the absorption properties of active galaxies, to probe new AGN classes and to test the AGN unification scheme. The authors find that half (48%) of the sample is absorbed, while the fraction of Compton-thick AGN is small (~7%). In line with their previous analysis, they have however shown that when the bias towards heavily absorbed objects which are lost if weak and at large distance is removed, as is possible in the local Universe, the above fractions increase to become 80% and 17%, respectively. The authors also find that absorption is a function of source luminosity, which implies some evolution in the obscuration properties of AGN. A few peculiar classes, so far poorly studied in the hard X-ray band, have been detected and studied for the first time such as 5 X-ray bright optically normal galaxies (XBONGs), 5 type 2 QSOs and 11 low-ionization nuclear emission regions. In terms of optical classification, this sample contains 57% type 1 and 43% type 2 AGN; this subdivision is similar to that found in X-rays if unabsorbed versus absorbed objects are considered, suggesting that the match between optical and X-ray classifications is on the whole good. Only a small percentage of sources (12%) does not fulfill the expectation of the unified theory as the authors find 22 type 1 AGN which are absorbed and 10 type 2 AGN which are unabsorbed. Studying in depth these outliers they found that most of the absorbed type 1 AGN have X-ray spectra characterized by either complex or warm/ionized absorption more likely due to ionized gas located in an accretion disc wind or in the bi-conical structure associated with the central nucleus, therefore unrelated to the toroidal structure. Among the 10 type 2 AGN which are unabsorbed, at most 3-4% are still eligible to be classified as 'true' type 2 AGN. In the fourth INTEGRAL/IBIS survey (Bird et al. 2010, ApJS, 186, 1, available in the HEASARC database as the IBISCAT4 table), there are 234 objects which have been identified with AGN. To this set of sources, the present authors then added 38 galaxies listed in the INTEGRAL all-sky survey by Krivonos et al. (2007, A&A, 475, 775, available in the HEASARC database as the INTIBISASS table) updated on the website (http://hea.iki.rssi.ru/integral/survey/catalog.php) but not included in the Bird et al. catalog due to the different sky coverage (these latter sources are indicated with hard_flag = 'h' values in this HEASARC table). The final data set presented and discussed in the reference paper and constituting this table therefore comprises 272 AGN and was last updated in March 2011 March. It represents the most complete view of the INTEGRAL extragalactic sky as of the date of publication in 2012. This table was created by the HEASARC in October 2014 based on CDS Catalog J/MNRAS/426/1750 files tablea1.dat and refs.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
INTEGRAL IBIS All-Sky Survey of Hard X-Ray Sources
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The INTEGRAL IBIS All-Sky Survey of Hard X-Ray Sources table contains the results from a paper which is the second in a series devoted to the hard X-ray (17 - 60 keV) whole sky survey which has been performed by the INTEGRAL observatory over its first seven years of observations. This table contains the catalog of detected sources and includes 521 objects, 449 of which exceed a 5-sigma detection threshold on the time-averaged map of the sky, and 53 which were detected in various sub-samples of exposures. Among the identified sources with known and suspected natures, 262 are Galactic (101 low-mass X-ray binaries, 94 high-mass X-ray binaries, 37 cataclysmic variables, and 30 of other types) and 221 are extragalactic, including 217 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and 4 galaxy clusters. The extragalactic (|b| > 5 degrees) and Galactic (|b| < 5 degrees) persistently detected source samples have high identification completeness (respectively ~96% and ~93%) and are valuable for population studies. The current INTIBISASS table is based on the data provided in Krivonos et al. (2010: Paper II below) and replaces the earlier version available at the HEASARC from February 2008 to December 2010 which was based on Krivonos et al. (2007). This table was updated by the HEASARC in December 2010 based on the CDS catalog J/A+A/523/A61 (specifically, the table2.dat and refs.dat files). It was originally created by the HEASARC in February 2008 based on CDS catalog J/A+A/475/775, which was superseded by this version. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .