This dataset contains monitoring data for land bird banding at park units within the Klamath Inventory and Monitoring Network (KLMN). Landbirds were selected as a focus group for bird monitoring in the KLMN because they provide cost-effective information about ecological conditions of interest and they are well represented in the major terrestrial habitats in the parks. This dataset will provide park managers with data and information that can be utilized to help better address landbird status and trends. Starting in 2008, two types of monitoring data have been collected 1) point counts, and 2) banding. Point counts occur in all KLMN parks with 2 parks sampled per year. Banding is done at ORCA and occurs every year. Data are also collected on habitat. Klamath Inventory and Monitoring Networks landbird protocol contributes to regional and continental bird monitoring and is integrated with an extensive regional bird monitoring network. This effort has yielded a substantial regional dataset with information about landbird distribution, population trends, and population demographics.

The spreadsheet contains certified data extracted from the GLKN Landbird Monitoring database, which includes data for bird species observations during point count surveys and site condition information. The GLKN Landbird Monitoring Database is designed to hold field data and to disseminate certified data in a variety of ways.

This monitoring dataset consists of variable circular plot - continuous distance - point count bird observations and site conditions along with extensive habitat data for breeding birds in the National Park Service Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network Parks. The dataset includes approximately 65,000 individual bird observations covering over 200 bird species observed at 12 NPS park units taken between 2001 and 2022. The overall goals of Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network breeding bird monitoring are the following: to identify significant temporal changes in the species composition and abundance of bird communities that occur on parks during the breeding season; to improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and their habitat and the effects of management actions, such as prairie restoration or prescribed fire, on bird populations. These goals are accomplished by examining potential correlations between changes in specific habitat variables, for example, vegetation structure and ground cover, and changes in bird community composition and abundance. The 12 park units included in this study are in Arkansas - Arkansas Post National Memorial and Pea Ridge National Military Park; Indiana - Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial; Iowa - Effigy Mounds National Monument and Herber Hoover National Historic Site; Kansas - Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve; Minnesota - Pipestone National Monument; Missouri - George Washington Carver National Monument and Wilson's Creek National Battlefield; Nebraska - Agate Fossil Beds National Monument and Homestead National Historical Park; and Ohio - Hopewell Culture National Historical Park.

This monitoring dataset consists of variable circular plot - continuous distance - point count bird observations and site conditions along with extensive habitat data for breeding birds in the National Park Service Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network Parks. The dataset includes approximately 65,000 individual bird observations covering over 200 bird species observed at 12 NPS park units taken between 2001 and 2022. The overall goals of Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network breeding bird monitoring are the following: to identify significant temporal changes in the species composition and abundance of bird communities that occur on parks during the breeding season; to improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and their habitat and the effects of management actions, such as prairie restoration or prescribed fire, on bird populations. These goals are accomplished by examining potential correlations between changes in specific habitat variables, for example, vegetation structure and ground cover, and changes in bird community composition and abundance. The 12 park units included in this study are in Arkansas - Arkansas Post National Memorial and Pea Ridge National Military Park; Indiana - Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial; Iowa - Effigy Mounds National Monument and Herber Hoover National Historic Site; Kansas - Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve; Minnesota - Pipestone National Monument; Missouri - George Washington Carver National Monument and Wilson's Creek National Battlefield; Nebraska - Agate Fossil Beds National Monument and Homestead National Historical Park; and Ohio - Hopewell Culture National Historical Park.

The National Park Service (NPS) operates 32 Inventory & Monitoring (I&M) networks across the United States encompassing over 280 parks. Each I&M network has established "vital signs" monitoring in its parks. These vital signs represent elements and processes in park ecosystems that help indicate the overall health or condition of park resources. Just as people monitor their vital signs such as blood pressure and pulse, the parks monitor selected vital signs to help them understand the condition and trends of park natural resources. Network personnel monitor physical resources and processes (such as air, water, climate, fire, erosion), biological attributes (such as species and biological communities), and ecological processes (such as disturbance and productivity). The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) contains 15 parks containing natural resources, located in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Each spring, SECN collects audio recording data during implementation of the SECN's Landbird Community Monitoring Protocol. Automated recording devices (ARDs) are used to capture landbird vocalizations every second morning between March and June at up to 30 spatially-balanced random sampling locations per park. Five of the SECN's 15 parks are sampled each year on a three-year rotation. All discernable bird vocalizations are reviewed from selected recordings and classified to species. These data address the following protocol objectives: (1) evaluate status of landbird community species richness during the spring breeding season and (2) assess landbird occupancy and spatial distribution at sampling locations during the breeding season.

This data package contains North Coast and Cascades Network (NCCN) Inventory and Monitoring Program landbird monitoring data collected during 2005-2023 at Lewis and Clark National Historical Park (LEWI), Mount Rainier National Park (MORA), North Cascades National Park Complex (NOCA), Olympic National Park (OLYM), and San Juan Island National Historical Park (SAJH). The protocol, publications, and all other associated links can be found in the project reference at: NCCN Landbird Monitoring https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2097578 National parks in the North Coast and Cascades Network (NCCN) can fulfill vital roles as refuges for bird species dependent on late-successional forest conditions and as reference sites for assessing the effects of land-use and land-cover changes on bird populations throughout the larger Pacific Northwest region. These changes may result from regional processes such as land conversion and forest management, or from broader-scale phenomena such as global climate change. Monitoring population trends at ‘control’ sites in national parks is especially important because the parks are among the few sites in the United States where population trends resulting from large-scale regional or global change patterns are relatively unaffected by local changes in land use. Long-term monitoring of landbirds throughout the NCCN provides information that can inform decisions about important management issues in the parks, including visitor impacts, fire management, and the effects of introduced species. Landbirds are vital to every Northwest ecosystem. They are critical food-chain links, eating millions of seeds and insects and in turn, are prey for other creatures. Because they have specific needs for food, nest sites, and habitats they are easily impacted by change. For these reasons, birds are among the most sensitive indicators of ecosystem health and monitoring them is one of the most efficient ways to take the ecological pulse of an area. Surveys were conducted in three large wilderness parks: North Cascades (NOCA), Olympic (OLYM), and Mount Rainier (MORA) National Parks and in two small parks: Lewis and Clark National Historical Park (LEWI) and San Juan Island National Historical Park (SAJH). Objectives are to 1) detect trends in the density of as many landbird species (including passerines, near-passerines, and galliformes) as possible throughout accessible areas of five NCCN parks during the breeding season and 2) track changes in the breeding season distribution of landbird species throughout accessible areas of the large wilderness parks.