These data were collected to examine water mixing in the lower Maumee River to determine the extent to which water from Lake Erie backflows into the river, and under what conditions this occurs. We used a combination of fixed hydrologic gauges; water chemistry including stable isotopes and conservative tracers; and direct physical measurements to estimate the percentages of lake and river water at both fixed sites and transects. Those results were compared with concurrent flows and estimates of seiche activity. Data suggest that during 2013 mixing did occur, but was confined to the lowest river reach within the city limits of Toledo, Ohio. This tabular data set could be used for any questions involving large river water chemistry or physical processes. It includes boron and magnesium measurements, isotope data, sonde transect data, and sonde vertical profile data.

River-to-lake transitional zones or rivermouths are biogeochemically active sections of the aquatic continuum that are often understudied compared to their adjoining environments. Internal nutrient loading from these transitional zones may be a considerable source of nutrients to lakes and disconnect upstream management initiatives from in-lake improvements. To contextualize internal nutrient loading by rivermouth sediments, we conducted sediment core incubations and nutrient assays at three timepoints over a growing season (2021) in the Maumee Rivermouth (Toledo, OH). These data can be used along to estimate nutrient processing rates within the Maumee Rivermouth.

This data set includes dissolved oxygen (DO) and specific conductivity (SpC) data collected in both the surface water and shallow streambed at the Quashnet River, Mashpee, USA from 2014-16. This data was collected to better understand groundwater discharge to the river and associated brook trout habitat. DO was typically near saturation in surface water and some groundwater, but is reduced in streambed zones that may be influenced by buried peat lenses. SpC was used as an indicator of groundwater flowpath dynamics, and lower values were generally associated with higher DO.

This data set includes dissolved oxygen (DO) and specific conductivity (SpC) data collected in both the surface water and shallow streambed at the Quashnet River, Mashpee, USA from 2014-16. This data was collected to better understand groundwater discharge to the river and associated brook trout habitat. DO was typically near saturation in surface water and some groundwater, but is reduced in streambed zones that may be influenced by buried peat lenses. SpC was used as an indicator of groundwater flowpath dynamics, and lower values were generally associated with higher DO.

This dataset describes the hydrogeomorphic structure and lake-tributary mixing in three intermediate-sized Lake Michigan rivermouths: Ford River, Manitowoc River, and Pere Marquette River. Data were collected from May to October 2011. Water chemistry variables were measured with a multiparameter sonde along longitudinal, lateral, and vertical transects. Magnesium, boron, and stable water isotope concentrations were also determined from grab water samples at particular depths.

Data are from biological and physical environmental assessments conducted during 2019 in the Maumee River, Ohio. Sites were located from river kilometer 24 to 11. Water quality parameters, fishes, invertebrates, and river channel characteristics were assessed during 2019 from May-September. Previously established standardized sampling methods were used during all assessments.

Data are from biological and physical environmental assessments conducted during 2019 in the Maumee River, Ohio. Sites were located from river kilometer 24 to 11. Water quality parameters, fishes, invertebrates, and river channel characteristics were assessed during 2019 from May-September. Previously established standardized sampling methods were used during all assessments.

As part of the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) project template 774-18 entitled “Development of monitoring and response methodologies, and implementation of an Adaptive Management Framework to work towards Eradication of Grass Carp in Lake Erie” an integrated bathymetric/hydrodynamic/water-quality survey of the Maumee River (Ohio) was completed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in the summer of 2019. These data were collected to inform the development of a one-dimensional hydraulic model and associated Fluvial Egg Drift Simulator (FluEgg) model of the Maumee River downstream from Defiance, Ohio. The data contained in this data release were collected by the USGS Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center to inform the development of these models by the USGS Central Midwest Water Science Center. The survey was completed over two periods of time: June 24–28, 2019, and July 29 to August 1, 2019. The first survey period concentrated on the reach between Grand Rapids, Ohio, and Lake Erie, while the second period concentrated on the reach between Defiance, Ohio, and Grand Rapids, Ohio. Survey data include bathymetry (depth and bed elevation), three-dimensional water velocity, discharge, and basic water-quality properties. A total of 251 cross sections were surveyed (141 upstream from and 110 downstream from Grand Rapids Dam, respectively) and data were also collected along streamwise transits between sections. Due to rapids, high-water, access, and safety concerns, no data were collected in the 23.9-kilometer reach downstream from the dam at Grand Rapids, Ohio. The upstream-most cross section is 280 meters downstream from the low-head dam approximately 6.6 kilometers downstream from Defiance, Ohio. The downstream-most cross section is located 290 meters downstream from the U.S. Coast Guard Station at Toledo, Ohio (3900 N Summit St, Toledo, Ohio, 43611). All data were collected by a manned survey vessel with a two-person survey crew of trained hydrographers. All data were georeferenced using a Trimble R10 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver mounted on the survey vessel and connected to the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) real-time virtual reference station (VRS) network. This component of the data release consists of water velocity and water-quality data measured in the Maumee River between Defiance, Ohio, and the river mouth at Lake Erie at Toledo, Ohio. Velocity data were collected using a 1200 kilohertz Teledyne RD Instruments RiverPro acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) deployed on a fixed mount from the survey vessel. The GNSS receiver was mounted directly above the ADCP. The sampling frequency varied slightly with the dynamic configuration of the ADCP but was generally between 1 to 2 Hertz. Data have been post-processed using the Velocity Mapping Toolbox v4.09 (VMT; Parsons and others, 2013) and its GIS Table Creation Utility with temporal averaging of 5 seconds. Both layer- and depth-averaged velocities are included in the data files and files are included for both the depth from surface (DFS) reference and height above bottom (HAB) reference. Layers are defined in 1-meter intervals for both references across the full water column and 0.5-meter intervals for points within 2 meters of the water surface or bottom. Water-quality data include two-dimensional, near-surface point measurements of basic water-quality properties in the Maumee River between Defiance, Ohio, and the river mouth at Lake Erie at Toledo, Ohio. Water-quality properties include temperature, specific conductance, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, total chlorophyll, and phycocyanin concentration (the latter two properties were only collected upstream of Grand Rapids, Ohio). These data were collected using a Xylem EXO2 sonde (SN 16J103377) equipped with a temperature/conductivity sensor (SN 17A103858), pH sensor (SN 18G103338), optical dissolved oxygen sensor (SN 17A103549), turbidity sensor (SN 16K102514), total algae

As part of the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) project template 774-18 entitled “Development of monitoring and response methodologies, and implementation of an Adaptive Management Framework to work towards Eradication of Grass Carp in Lake Erie” an integrated bathymetric/hydrodynamic/water-quality survey of the Maumee River (Ohio) was completed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in the summer of 2019. These data were collected to inform the development of a one-dimensional hydraulic model and associated Fluvial Egg Drift Simulator (FluEgg) model of the Maumee River downstream from Defiance, Ohio. The data contained in this data release were collected by the USGS Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center to inform the development of these models by the USGS Central Midwest Water Science Center. The survey was completed over two periods of time: June 24–28, 2019, and July 29 to August 1, 2019. The first survey period concentrated on the reach between Grand Rapids, Ohio, and Lake Erie, while the second period concentrated on the reach between Defiance, Ohio, and Grand Rapids, Ohio. Survey data include bathymetry (depth and bed elevation), three-dimensional water velocity, discharge, and basic water-quality properties. A total of 251 cross sections were surveyed (141 upstream from and 110 downstream from Grand Rapids Dam, respectively) and data were also collected along streamwise transits between sections. Due to rapids, high-water, access, and safety concerns, no data were collected in the 23.9-kilometer reach downstream from the dam at Grand Rapids, Ohio. The upstream-most cross section is 280 meters downstream from the low-head dam approximately 6.6 kilometers downstream from Defiance, Ohio. The downstream-most cross section is located 290 meters downstream from the U.S. Coast Guard Station at Toledo, Ohio (3900 N Summit St, Toledo, Ohio, 43611). All data were collected by a manned survey vessel with a two-person survey crew of trained hydrographers. All data were georeferenced using a Trimble R10 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver mounted on the survey vessel and connected to the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) real-time virtual reference station (VRS) network. This component of the data release consists of water velocity and water-quality data measured in the Maumee River between Defiance, Ohio, and the river mouth at Lake Erie at Toledo, Ohio. Velocity data were collected using a 1200 kilohertz Teledyne RD Instruments RiverPro acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) deployed on a fixed mount from the survey vessel. The GNSS receiver was mounted directly above the ADCP. The sampling frequency varied slightly with the dynamic configuration of the ADCP but was generally between 1 to 2 Hertz. Data have been post-processed using the Velocity Mapping Toolbox v4.09 (VMT; Parsons and others, 2013) and its GIS Table Creation Utility with temporal averaging of 5 seconds. Both layer- and depth-averaged velocities are included in the data files and files are included for both the depth from surface (DFS) reference and height above bottom (HAB) reference. Layers are defined in 1-meter intervals for both references across the full water column and 0.5-meter intervals for points within 2 meters of the water surface or bottom. Water-quality data include two-dimensional, near-surface point measurements of basic water-quality properties in the Maumee River between Defiance, Ohio, and the river mouth at Lake Erie at Toledo, Ohio. Water-quality properties include temperature, specific conductance, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, total chlorophyll, and phycocyanin concentration (the latter two properties were only collected upstream of Grand Rapids, Ohio). These data were collected using a Xylem EXO2 sonde (SN 16J103377) equipped with a temperature/conductivity sensor (SN 17A103858), pH sensor (SN 18G103338), optical dissolved oxygen sensor (SN 17A103549), turbidity sensor (SN 16K102514), total algae

Groundwater and estuary water levels near Mill Creek, and the Herring River in Wellfleet Massachusetts were measured from June 2017 to June 14, 2018. Water-level data have been filtered to remove the effects of the daily tides. The mean daily value of the tidally filtered 15 minute water-level data is presented. The data also include a composite data set of daily precipitation values, as well as data on the growing degrees days (50 degrees Fahrenheit), from two weather stations on Cape Cod, Massachusetts.