The NARSTO_SOS99NASH_WIND_PROFILER_DATA were obtained between May 19 and August 4, 1999. Wind components (u and v) were collected from five 915-MHz radar wind profilers. Availability of data for each day varies among the profilers, especially at the beginning and end of the project.The profilers and their locations were:Cornelia Fort Airpark (CFA) 36.19N, 86.70 W, 126 m MSLDickson (DIK) 36.25N, 87.37W, 225 m MSLEagleville (EGV) 35.73N, 86.60W, 228 m MSLGallatin (GAL) 36.33N, 86.40W, 171 m MSLCumberland (CMB) 36.38N, 87.65W, 136 m MSLThe number and location of range gates (vertical location of the wind measurements) was:CFA: 1st gate 146 m AGL, 64 gatesDIK, EGV, GAL: 1st gate 96 m AGL, 50 gatesCMB: 1st gate 165 m AGL, 64 gatesAll sites use 58 m range gates.Mixing depth (convective boundary layer height or zi) is given for daytime hours at each site as derived from a manual inspection of profiler reflectivity patterns. Data may be unavailable for a variety of reasons including rain, poorly defined boundary layer, or instrument outage. Data in late afternoon should be used with care even when available, since the afternoon transition is poorly understood.NARSTO (formerly North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone) is a public/private partnership, whose membership spans government, the utilities, industry, and academe throughout Mexico, the United States, and Canada. The primary mission is to coordinate and enhance policy-relevant scientific research and assessment of tropospheric pollution behavior; activities provide input for science-based decision-making and determination of workable, efficient, and effective strategies for local and regional air-pollution management. Data products from local, regional, and international monitoring and research programs are available.

The wind profile data described in this document were derived from the raw radiosonde data collected during FIFE by Dr. Wilfred H. Brutsaert during the summer and fall of 1987 and the late summer of 1989 The objective of this study was to calculate wind velocity and wind direction from successive horizontal positions of a radiosonde. These data have allowed the measurement of the atmospheric profiles of wind velocity and direction. The raw data have also been corrected for sensor delays and have been interpolated to a set of standard pressure levels. Successive horizontal positions of the radiosonde balloon in relation to its release point was used to calculate average wind speed and direction. The variables used to make these calculations were obtained from the FIFE Radiosonde Data. The balloon height was calculated by adding 10 m (i.e., the length of the string) to the height of the sonde. The horizontal distance of the sonde, together with the measured azimuth angle (also obtained from the FIFE Radiosonde Data), produced the horizontal position of the sonde. Finally, successive horizontal positions allowed the calculation of average wind velocity and direction over the interval. Note, as a result of the addition of 10 m for most flights, the height of the wind measurements in this data set is 10 meters higher than the companion values in the original FIFE Radiosonde Data.

The NOAA NDBC SOS server is part of the IOOS DIF SOS Project. The stations in this dataset have winds data. Because of the nature of SOS requests, requests for data MUST include constraints for the longitude, latitude, time, and/or station_id variables.

NARSTO_SOS99NASH_G-1_AIR_CHEMISTRY_DATA is the North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO) SOS99 Nashville Department of Energy (DOE) G-1 Air Chemistry Data product. Data was collected via the G-1 aircraft deployed during the 1999 campaign to make measurements within the Nashville urban plume. These in situ, semi-Lagrangian measurements, in conjunction with surface-based observations independently made at the Polk Building and at the Cornelia Fort site, allowed quantification of the following: a) ozone production/loss rates, b) ozone production efficiency and c) NOx loss rates within this plume. Mechanical problems with the G-1 aircraft precluded making additional measurements. North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO), which has since disbanded, was a public/private partnership, whose membership spanned across government, utilities, industry, and academe throughout Mexico, the United States, and Canada. The primary mission was to coordinate and enhance policy-relevant scientific research and assessment of tropospheric pollution behavior; activities provide input for science-based decision-making and determination of workable, efficient, and effective strategies for local and regional air-pollution management. Data products from local, regional, and international monitoring and research programs are still available.

**Overview** The dataset includes 15-minute average wind speed and direction records from 10 m to 250 m above ground level (AGL) in 5-m range gates. Data were collected by a Scintec SFAS wind profiler installed at the Condon State Airport in Oregon, about 1.8 km northeast of the center of Condon, Ore., and are intended for validating WFIP2 model improvements. **Data Details** Instrument location: * N 45° 14’ 41.58” (N 45.244885) * W 120° 10’ 06.58” (W 120.168495) Instrument clock and computer system time set to UTC. **Data Quality** The Scintec SFAS wind profiler instrument installed at the Decker Ranch is capable of measuring at heights up to 500 m. For this study, the maximum height was set to 250 m. The instrument was oriented to true north, so no corrections to the wind direction should be made. Scintec wind profilers come with the APRun software package, which performs data collection and quality control (QC), among other functions. Version 1.46 of APRun was used in this study. The APRun manual states: *The primary results are checked against local signal quality criteria, combined signal quality criteria and two-dimensional spatial/temporal consistency tests. Any data that does not pass all quality control tests is devalidated and removed*. Devalidation means replacing the value with an error value, usually a series of ‘9’s, such as 99.99 or 999.99. Not all devalidated data are actually removed from the *.mnd files, so the user must filter them out. There are some error flags that indicate the type of error, but these are not included in the *.mnd files, and we have no access to them. Because QC already has been performed by APRun, our QC procedures consisted of removing samples with error values and performing a visual inspection of the data to see if larger patterns indicated any kind of problem. There are 515 gaps of two hours or less and 26 gaps of more than two hours. The longest gaps are: * 47.78 days, from 2016-03-16 18:00Z to 2016-05-03 12:45Z * 40.20 days, from 2016-06-04 13:15Z to 2016-07-14 18:00Z All gaps that exceed two hours are listed in file: Condon_gaps.txt.

The aim of this wind profile study was to derive wind profiles and momentum fluxes from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/Wave Propagation Laboratory (WPL) Doppler LIDAR, and compare LIDAR and airborne measurements of mean wind, turbulent structure, momentum flux, and heat flux. Another objective was to compare profiles of mean wind and temperature obtained from aircraft, balloon sondes, and wind LIDAR. These data were collected at one location near the center of the FIFE study area but in the northwest quadrant. Data were acquired for a two week period during June and July 1987. Pulsed Doppler LIDAR measures the radial (along-beam) velocity as a function of range using light-scattering particles in the air as tracers. When the LIDAR beam is directed straight upward and the backscattered return as a function of height is recorded, vertical aerosol profiles may be determined. Various pointing and scanning schemes permit measurement of a variety of mean and turbulent quantities based on assumptions about the flow. The remote-sensing character of LIDAR offers the ability to measure flow parameters simultaneously at all the heights in a profile. The winds were obtained with the VAD (Velocity Azimuth Display) technique. The LIDAR only operates above 500 m, therefore the wind profile begins above the ground surface. Data in the planetary boundary layer are usually continuous, but gaps appear occasionally in profiles extending to several kilometers. Profiles were unsmoothed, and the LIDAR's short pulse made adjacent data points almost independent.

A total of seven data sets are used to derive the wind profile. These include two trajectory data files (probe and orbiter), three frequency data files including the 'quicklook' data set comprising 1/2 resolution frequency data from the orbiter CDS, and two data files containing the full tape recorder (SDR) data. Additionally, the probe descent trajectory data are supplemented with probe descent velocity/altitude/pressure/time data from the Atmospheric Structure Instrument. Finally, the Jovian atmospheric structure, based on measurements by the Atmospheric Structure Instrument, is included.

A total of seven data sets are used to derive the wind profile. These include two trajectory data files (probe and orbiter), three frequency data files including the 'quicklook' data set comprising 1/2 resolution frequency data from the orbiter CDS, and two data files containing the full tape recorder (SDR) data. Additionally, the probe descent trajectory data are supplemented with probe descent velocity/altitude/pressure/time data from the Atmospheric Structure Instrument. Finally, the Jovian atmospheric structure, based on measurements by the Atmospheric Structure Instrument, is included.

**Overview** The dataset includes 15-minute average wind speed and direction records from 30 m to 330 m above ground level (AGL) in 10-m range gates. Data were collected by a Scintec MFAS wind profiler installed at the Decker Ranch in Oregon, about 4.4 km southeast of Kent, Ore., and are intended for validating WFIP2 model improvements. **Data Details** Instrument location: * N 45°09'54.42" (N 45.165117) * W120°39'20.87" (W 120.655799) Instrument clock and computer system time set to UTC. **Data Quality** The Scintec MFAS wind profiler instrument installed at the Decker Ranch is capable of measuring at heights up to 1000 m. For this study, the maximum height was set to 330 m. The instrument was oriented to true north, so no corrections to the wind direction should be made. Scintec wind profilers come with the APRun software package, which performs data collection and quality control (QC), among other functions. Version 1.46 of APRun was used in this study. The APRun manual states: *The primary results are checked against local signal quality criteria, combined signal quality criteria and two-dimensional spatial/temporal consistency tests. Any data that does not pass all quality control tests is devalidated and removed*. Devalidation means replacing the value with an error value, usually a series of ‘9’s, such as 99.99 or 999.99. Not all devalidated data are actually removed from the *.mnd files, so the user must filter them out. There are some error flags that indicate the type of error, but these are not included in the *.mnd files, and we have no access to them. Because QC already has been performed by APRun, our QC procedures consisted of removing samples with error values and performing a visual inspection of the data to see if larger patterns indicated any kind of problem. There are 623 gaps of two hours or less and 61 gaps of more than two hours. The longest gap is 15.31 days, from 2016-12-07 03:00Z to 2016-12-22 10:30Z. All gaps that exceed two hours are listed in file: Decker_Ranch_gaps.txt.

NAAMES_Met_SondeInSitu_Data are meteorological radiosonde measurements collected via radiosonde launches during the North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES). These measurements were collected from November 4, 2015 – November 29, 2015 and May 11, 2016 – June 5 over the North Atlantic Ocean. The primary objective of NAAMES was to resolve key processes controlling ocean system function, their influences on atmospheric aerosols and clouds and their implications for climate. The NASA North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES) project was the first NASA Earth Venture – Suborbital mission focused on studying the coupled ocean ecosystem and atmosphere. NAAMES utilizes a combination of ship-based, airborne, autonomous sensor, and remote sensing measurements that directly link ocean ecosystem processes, emissions of ocean-generated aerosols and precursor gases, and subsequent atmospheric evolution and processing. Four deployments coincide with the seasonal cycle of phytoplankton in the North Atlantic Ocean: the Winter Transition (November 5 – December 2, 2015), the Bloom Climax (May 11 – June 5, 2016), the Deceleration Phase (August 30 – September 24, 2017), and the Acceleration Phase (March 20 – April 13, 2018). Ship-based measurements were conducted from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Research Vessel Atlantis in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean, while airborne measurements were conducted on a NASA Wallops Flight Facility C-130 Hercules that was based at St. John's International Airport, Newfoundland, Canada. Data products in the ASDC archive focus on the NAAMES atmospheric aerosol, cloud, and trace gas data from the ship and aircraft, as well as related satellite and model data subsets. While a few ocean-remote sensing data products (e.g., from the high-spectral resolution lidar) are also included in the ASDC archive, most ocean data products reside in a companion archive at SeaBass.