Enhancement of Measurements on Ships of Opportunity (SOOP)- Enhancement of Measurements on Ships of Opportunity (SOOP) - RV L'Astrolabe (callsign FHZI) operates in Southern Ocean between Tasmania and Antarctica. The main duty is re-supplying of the research station Dumont D'Urville. The vessel is an icebreaker, 65 m length (beam - 13 m, draught : 5.3 m). Bulk SST data are collected hourly from SBE38 calibrated digital oceanographic thermometer that is installed in engine intake at 4 m depth. Meteorological data from ship AWS are provided along with the SST. The data are quality controlled by the Bureau of Meteorology. The daily data are available from eMII shortly after 0000 UTC.

Moored instrument time series data include current velocity, temperature, salinity, oxygen, fluorescence, transmissivity, turbidity, and particle capture of carbon, nitrogen, and silicon as well as sediment trap, ice drift and ice draft data. These data were collected by researchers from the Institute of Ocean Sciences, Sidney, BC, from locations ranging from the North Pacific, the Beaufort Sea, and across the Canadian Arctic Archipelago to Baffin Bay.

The AADC (Australian Antarctic Data Centre) is in the process of converting all internally held spatial datasets to the ITRF2000 horizontal datum. This consolidated dataset consists of surveys HI623_alatB_gg, HI625_alatB_GG, HI632_alat_B_gg, HI632_alat_C_gg, LADSII_MMI20756_HSDB_T0001_SD_100029052_op, LADSII_MMI20756_HSDB_T0001_SD_100029053_op, LADSII_MMI20756_HSDB_T0001_SD_100029054_op converted to ITRF2000 horizontal datum with Z conversion values for multiple height datums. The data was provided to the AAD by Paul Digney of Jacobs consulting in March 2021. Included survey datasets: • HI623_alatB_gg • HI625_alatB_GG • HI632_alat_B_gg • HI632_alat_C_gg • LADSII_MMI20756_HSDB_T0001_SD_100029052_op • LADSII_MMI20756_HSDB_T0001_SD_100029053_op • LADSII_MMI20756_HSDB_T0001_SD_100029054_op All data are in horizontal datum ITRF2000 and have been combined into a single ESRI geodatabase feature class titled AHS_Surveys_Macca_ITRF2000. Attribute data shows quality information, conversion factors (shift in metres) for multiple datums and the MSL orthometric height: Column Name Alias Meaning Easting Easting Easting ITRF2000 Northing Northing Northing ITRF2000 LAT_to_GRS LAT_to_GRS LAT (Chart Datum) to GSR80 LAT_to_Mac LAT_to_Mac LAT to Macca MSL Z_To_GRS80 Z_To_GRS80 Height to the Ellipsoid Z_To_Macca Z_To_Macca Local MSL orthometric height Vertical_U Vertical_U How good is the Vertical Position Horizontal Horizontal How good is the Horizontal Position Uncertaint Uncertaint Uncertainty Comments Depth_Comm Depth_Comments Vertical uncertainty ranges from 0.5 to 1.2 m and horizontal uncertainty ranges from 2 to 5.5 m. Null values indicate unknown uncertainty. See the attached document ‘Metadata_Record_Macqaurie Island Final.xlsx’ for further details.

This dataset contains multiple variables with spatio-temporal information relating to sea-ice and the southern ocean. This collection of data is utilised by the nilas.org platform for dynamically visualising these variables in the web browser. Together they provide a valuable resource for understanding the interactions between physical, climate and biogeochemical parameters. These include variables to understand sea-ice in three dimensions, chlorophyll and sea surface temperature. The time range of these data covers from 1980 until the present and the spatial coverage is Antarctic circumpolar. Name: Daily Sea Ice Concentration Desc: Sea ice concentration is a measure of the amount of size ice over an area. It is calculated from satellite observations of sea ice for all areas adjacent the Antarctic coastline. The minimum area of sea ice naturally occurs in February and the maximum in September. Product: ARTIST (ASI 5) (Spreen et al. 2008) Source: Universität Bremen Resolution: 6.125 km nominal Timeframe: 2012 to present Notes: Concentrations of less than 15% have been removed. Name: Monthly Sea Ice Concentration Desc: Sea ice concentration is a measure of the amount of size ice over an area. It is calculated from satellite observations of sea ice for all areas adjacent the Antarctic coastline. The minimum area of sea ice naturally occurs in February and the maximum in September. Product: Sea Ice Index (Windnagel et al. 2017) Source: NSIDC (National Snow and Ice Data Center) Resolution: 25 km nominal Timeframe: 1980 to present Notes: Concentrations of less than 15% have been removed. Name: Monthly Anomalies in Sea Ice Concentration Desc: Anomalies in sea ice concentration show the monthly variation from the long term mean. Product: Climate Data Record and Near Real-Time Sea Ice Concentration (Windnagel et al. 2021) Source: NSIDC (National Snow and Ice Data Center) Resolution: 25km nominal Timeframe: 1980 to present Notes: Anomalies are calculated as the difference between the sea ice concentration and the 1981-2010 mean sea ice concentration for that month. Anomalies less than 7.5% are not shown. Name: Long term monthly mean sea ice extent Desc: Sea ice extent is calculated as contour lines at 15% and 80% sea ice concentration. Product: Sea Ice Index (Windnagel et al. 2017) Source: Climate Data Record and Near Real-Time Sea Ice Concentration (Windnagel et al. 2021) Resolution: - Timeframe: 1980 to present Notes: Contours with less than 15 vertices are discarded. Name: Long Term Monthly Mean Sea Ice Extent Desc: Mean monthly sea ice extent over the 1981-2010 time interval. This is calculated as contour lines at 15% and 80% long term mean (1981-2010) sea ice concentration. Product: Sea Ice Index (Windnagel et al. 2017) Source: NSIDC (National Snow and Ice Data Center) Resolution: - Timeframe: Long term monthly mean (1981-2010) Notes: Contours with less than 15 vertices are discarded. Name: Gridded Freeboard (ATL20) IceSat2 Desc: Sea ice freeboard is the distance between the waterline and the surface height of sea ice in open leads. This dataset contains monthly gridded estimates of sea ice freeboard, derived from along-track freeboard estimates in the ATLAS/ICESat-2 L3A Sea Ice Freeboard product (ATL10,V3). Product: ATL20 (Petty et al. 2020) Source: NSIDC Resolution: 25 km nominal Timeframe: Oct 2018 to July 2022 Notes: Data greater than 1 metre is shown as 1 metre height. Name: Annual Sea Ice Duration Desc: Sea ice duration (contour lines) is the number of days sea ice concentrations above 15% occur between consecutive sea ice minima (assumed to occur on Feb 16 each year). Product: Climate Data Record and Near Real-Time Sea Ice Concentration (Windnagel et al. 2021) Source: NSIDC (National Snow and Ice Data Center) Resolution: 25km nominal Timeframe: 1980 to 2021 Notes: Name: Sea Ice Duration Anomalies Desc: Anomalies in sea ice duration show difference in duration of sea ice from the long term mean, where sea ice duration is the

Moored instrument time series data include current velocity, temperature, salinity, oxygen, fluorescence, transmissivity, turbidity, and particle capture of carbon, nitrogen, and silicon. Also included are sediment trap, ice drift and ice draft data. These data were collected by researchers from the Institute of Ocean Sciences, Sidney, BC, from locations ranging from the Beaufort Sea, and across the Canadian Arctic Archipelago to Baffin Bay. The data links below are only a representative sample of the entire collection. If you require more data, please send your request to the data contact.

Data were collected during the 1997-1998 austral summer on voyages by the Aurora Australis and Southern Surveyor. Oceanographic processes in the subantarctic region contribute crucially to the physical and biogeochemical aspects of the global climate system. To explore and quantify these contributions, the Antarctic Cooperative Research Centre (CRC) organised the SAZ Project, a multidisciplinary, multiship investigation carried out south of Australia in the austral summer of 1997-1998. Ammonia data were collected by Ros Watson (and provided by Tom Trull), and as of 2012, are unpublished.

The circumpolar Subantarctic Zone (SAZ) is a globally significant region of water mass formation and carbon dioxide uptake from the atmosphere. Here we synthesise the results of nine voyages over 8 years to describe the seasonal variation in mixed layer properties in the SAZ south of Australia for comparison with biogeochemical process studies carried out in late summer (March 1998) as part of the SAZ Project. Winter mixing extends to depths greater than 400 m, resulting in the formation of Subantarctic Mode Water. In summer the mixed layer shoals to 75-100 m, depths which are still sufficiently deep that phytoplankton growth may be light limited. Nitrate and phosphate concentrations are reduced in summer( e.g., nitrate decreases from greater than 15 to less than 5/ micro mol kg- 1) but remain well above limiting levels. Silicate in contrast, is low throughout the year (4/micro mol kg- 1 in winter and less than 2 / micro mol kg- 1 in summer). Water mass properties along a north-south hydrographic section in March 1998 suggest that near-surface waters spread from south to north across the Subantarctic Front (SAF), supplying cool, fresh, nutrient-rich water to the SAZ. As a consequence, the properties of the southern SAZ differ from those farther north: the mixed layer in the south is cooler, fresher, deeper, higher in nutrients, and bounded below by a halocline (rather than by a seasonal thermocline, as in the northern SAZ). The contrast between the northern and southern SAZ persists throughout the year, suggesting the cross-front exchange occurs year-round and likely contributes to the differences in seasonal thermal amplitude and algal biomass accumulation seen in satellite images. Density-compensated horizontal gradients of temperature and salinity are common in the mixed layer of the SAZ and the northern SAF, consistent with the hypothesis that the vigour of lateral mixing in the mixed layer is a strong function of the magnitude of the lateral density gradient. CTD Data are available for access via the provided URL. Data from the following voyages of the Aurora Australis were used: 1991-1992 Voyage 1 1992-1993 Voyage 9 1994-1995 Voyage 4 1994-1995 Voyage 7 1995-1996 Voyage 1 1996-1997 Voyage 1 1997-1998 Voyage 6

Four ice monitoring stations were set up at Davis in 1993 (a fifth station was added after the first two months), with regular recordings of ice depth, snow cover and ablation made for each station by taking a sea ice core. Observations of the general condition of the drilled cores were also recorded. Observations were made at irregular intervals (roughly every 1-2 weeks). The observations for each individual day are listed, along with a summary table. These records are stored as handwritten files, and are archived at the Australian Antarctic Division.

In September 2006, twenty-three scientists from six countries attended an Experts Workshop on Bioregionalisation of the Southern Ocean held in Hobart, Australia. The workshop was hosted by the Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, and WWF-Australia, and sponsored by Antarctic expedition cruise operator, Peregrine Adventures. The workshop was designed to assist with the development of methods that might be used to partition the Southern Ocean for the purposes of large-scale ecological modelling, ecosystem-based management, and consideration of marine protected areas. The aim of the workshop was to bring together scientific experts in their independent capacity to develop a 'proof of concept' for a broad-scale bioregionalisation of the Southern Ocean, using physical environmental data and satellite-measured chlorophyll concentration as the primary inputs. Issues examined during the workshop included the choice of data and extraction of relevant parameters to best capture ecological properties, the use of data appropriate for end-user applications, and the relative utility of taking a hierarchical, non-hierarchical, or mixed approach to regionalisation. The final method involved the use of a clustering procedure to classify individual sites into groups that are similar to one another within a group, and reasonably dissimilar from one group to the next, according to a selected set of parameters (e.g. depth, ice coverage, temperature). The workshop established a proof of concept for bioregionalisation of the Southern Ocean, demonstrating that this analysis can delineate bioregions that agree with expert opinion at the broad scale. Continuation of this work will be an important contribution to the achievement of a range of scientific, management and conservation objectives, including large-scale ecological modelling, ecosystem-based management and the development of an ecologically representative system of marine protected areas. This metadata record provides links to the report from that workshop, the appendices to that report, and the ArcGIS files and Matlab code used during the workshop. The report is in PDF format. The Appendices to the report are in PDF format and contain: Appendix 1: Approaches to bioregionalisation - examples presented during the workshop Antarctic Environmental Domains Analysis CCAMLR Small-Scale Management Units for the fishery Antarctic krill in the SW Atlantic Australian National Bioregionalisation: Pelagic Regionalisation Selecting Marine Protected Areas in New Zealand's EEZ Appendix 2: Technical information on approach to bioregionalisation Appendix 3: Descriptions of datasets used in the analysis Appendix 4: Results of secondary regionalisation using ice and chlorophyll data Appendix 5: Biological datasets of potential use in further bioregionalisation work Appendix 6: Details of datasets, Matlab code and ArcGIS shapefiles included on the CD The ArcGIS archive is in zip format and contains the shapefiles and other ArcGIS resources used to produce the figures in the report. The Matlab archive is in zip format and contains the Matlab code and gridded data sets used during the workshop. See the readme.txt file in this archive for more information. Description of datasets Sea surface temperature (SST) Mean annual sea surface temperatures were obtained from the NOAA Pathfinder satellite annual climatology (Casey and Cornillon 1999). This climatology was calculated over the period 1985-1997 on a global 9km grid. Monthly values were averaged to obtain an annual climatology. Casey, K.S. and P. Cornillon (1999) A comparison of satellite and in situ based sea surface temperature climatologies, J. Climate, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 1848-1863. Bathymetry Depth data were obtained from the GEBCO digital atlas (IOC, IHO and BODC, 2003). These data give water depth in metres and are provided on a 1-minute global grid. Centenary Edition of the GEBCO Digital Atlas, published on CD-ROM on behalf of the

Fisheries and Oceans Canada’s (DFO) Coastal Environmental Baseline Program supports the collection of ecological information on the current state of key coastal ecosystems across Canada. This initiative aims to acquire environmental baseline data (physical, chemical and biological) contributing to the characterization of important coastal areas and to support evidence-based assessments and management decisions for preserving marine ecosystems. From this page, you will find links to the data from projects undertaken from 2018-2022 at six coastal sites across Canada.