The present invention provides methods for building DNA constructs in vitro, transforming such constructs into competent Bacillus strains with good efficiency, and generating populations of mutants. Also provided is a method to assemble DNA constructs in situ.

The present invention is directed to novel bacteriophage compositions useful in treating food products to prevent bacterial contamination.

The present invention relates to a method of creating DNA libraries that include an artificial promoter library and/or a modified ribosome binding site library and transforming bacterial host cells with the library to obtain a population of bacterial clones having a range of expression levels for a chromosomal gene of interest.

Selection (M1) of genotype variants from libraries in a micro-structure comprising feeding a test fluid (102) containing a genotype library in an expressible form and with suitable expression aids into a micro-structure together with a barrier fluid (101) to form separate compartments (109,111) in the test fluid, is new. An assay fluid (103) can be added to the test fluid compartments in (M1). The compartments are carried through the micro-structure to give an expression of the genotype in the phenotype in the compartments, for the phenotypes to be detected. The compartments are selected according to their detected phenotypes.

A method for in vitro construction of a library of recombined homologous polynucleotides from a number of different starting DNA templates and primers by induced template shifts during a polynucleotide synthesis is described, whereby: A. extended primers are synthesized by a) denaturing the DNA templates, b) annealing primers to the templates, c) extending the said primers by use of a polymerase, d) stop the synthesis, and e) separate the extended primers from the templates; B. a template shift is induced by a) isolating the extended primers from the templates and repeating steps A.b) to A.e) using the extended primers as both primers and templates, or b) repeating steps A.b) to A.e), C. this process is terminated after an appropriate number of cycles of process steps A. and B.a), A. and B.b), or combinations thereof. Optionally the polynucleotides are amplified in a a standard PCR reaction with specific primers to selectively amplify homologous polynucleotides of interest.

The invention concerns recombinant proteinase K. Furthermore a method for producing recombinant proteinase K is disclosed, which is characterized in that a) a host cell is transformed with a recombinant nucleic acid which codes for the zymogenic precursor of proteinase K, b) the host cell is cultured in such a manner that the zymogenic precursor of proteinase K is formed in the form of inclusion bodies in the host cell, c) the inclusion bodies are isolated and natured under conditions which result in the formation of the protease part of the zymogenic precursor in its natural conformation, d) the natured proteinase K is activated and purified.

The invention relates to a process for the production of L-amino acids, in particular L-threonine, in which the following steps are carried out: a) fermentation of the microorganisms of the family Enterobacteriaceae producing the desired L-amino acid, in which the aceA gene or nucleotide sequences coding therefor are attenuated, in particular are switched off; b) enrichment of the L-amino acid in the medium or in the cells of the bacteria; and c) isolation of the L-amino acid.

A synergistic antibacterial formulation and a method of making the same is disclosed. The composition contains Cefixime Trihydrate + Cloxacillin Sodium + Lactobacillus sporogenes spores. The Cloxacillin sodium is in two forms in a sustained release and an immediate release form. A drug delivery system for providing the formulation is provided.

The invention relates to a process for the fermentative preparation of L-amino acids, in particular L-threonine, in which the following steps are carried out: a) fermentation of the microorganisms of the Enterobacteriaceae family which produce the desired L-amino acid and in which the rseB gene or nucleotide sequences which code for it are enhanced, in particular over-expressed, b) concentration of the desired L-amino acid in the medium or in the cells of the bacteria, and c) isolation of the desired L-amino acid

The invention provides DNA construct comprising in the 5' to 3' direction of transcription a promotor functional in a plant, an intron, a nucleotide sequence of interest, and a terminator region, said DNA construct comprising two non-identical recombination sites, where one of said non-identical recombination site is contained within said intron.