A method for automatically providing a hypothesis of a linguistic formulation that is uttered by users of a voice service based on an automatic speech recognition system and that is outside a recognition domain of the automatic speech recognition system. The method includes providing a constrained and an unconstrained speech recognition from an input speech signal, identifying a part of the constrained speech recognition outside the recognition domain, identifying a part of the unconstrained speech recognition corresponding to the identified part of the constrained speech recognition, and providing the linguistic formulation hypothesis based on the identified part of the unconstrained speech recognition.

A small and high-performance waterproof speaker which can be manufactured inexpensively by decreasing the number of components. Front face of a case (1) is sealed hermetically by a water resistant diaphragm (2) from which a voice coil (3) is projecting inward and a magnetic circuit part (5) having a part (6a) being fitted to the voice coil (3) and a permanent magnet (8) is secured to a first resilient plate (4) provided in the case (1). The first resilient plate (4) is provided with a plurality of through holes (18) and the fitting part (6a) is coupled with the diaphragm (2) through a first coupling member (13) of resilient material. On the other hand, an inertial member (12) is secured to a second resilient plate (11) disposed, oppositely to the first resilient plate (4), in the case (1) and the second resilient plate (11) is coupled with the first resilient plate (4) through a second coupling member (14) of resilient material.

A lexicon stored on a computer readable medium and used by language processing systems. The lexicon can store word information in a plurality of data fields associated with each entered word. The data fields can include information on spelling and grammar, parts of speech, steps that the entered word can be transformed into another word, a word description, and a segmentation for a compound word. Information that cannot be stored in the lexicon can be stored in an intermediate indexes table. Associated methods of constructing, updating and using the lexicon are introduced.

Disclosed is a keypad and microphone arrangement for a communication device. The arrangement comprises: a microphone; a printed circuit board for mounting the microphone thereon; and a support mounted to the PCB around the microphone to support a keypad and to at least partially cover the microphone, the support having a first opening from its top surface, through its interior to its bottom surface. The arrangement may be used in any communication device having voice reception capabilities.

Systems and techniques are disclosed relating to communications. The systems and techniques include an input device, generating a time period in response to a broadcast channel selection from the input device, generating a request to register the broadcast channel if the time period ends before receiving a second broadcast channel selection, and transmitting the request to an access network. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or the meaning of the claims.

A system and method for converting a note-based audio object to a Pulse Code Modulated (PCM) audio format is disclosed. An electronic communication device (10) includes a memory containing a note-based audio object (60) and lookup table (62) containing trigonometric function evaluations. The note-based audio object (60) contains note frequency information. The note-based audio object (60) is converted to a PCM stream by generating PCM code words for each sample point in the PCM stream based upon the note frequency information. The PCM code words are determined based upon selection of one or more of the trigonometric function evaluations within the look-up table (62). A speaker (34) outputs audio based upon the PCM formatted stream.

The present invention is directed to methods, reagents, and kits for detecting the presence or absence of (or quantifying) target polynucleotide sequences and proteins in at least one sample using encoding and decoding reactions. When a particular target polynucleotide is present in a sample for example, a reaction product is formed in the encoding reaction that includes addressable primer portions. At least one labeling probe and at least one address primer can be employed in the decoding amplification reaction thereby providing a detectable signal value depending upon whether a sequence is present or absent. In some embodiments, the encoding comprises a ligation reaction with linker probes, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are analyzed.

A product provided with a coding pattern which comprises a plurality of marks, each of which represents one of at least two different values, and which further comprises a plurality of nominal positions, each of said plurality of marks being associated with a nominal position and the value of each mark being determined by its location relative to its nominal position. The invention also comprises use of the product.

A packaging method and apparatus wherein each product (P) is packaged by capturing the product in flexible packaging material. The packing apparatus includes a product detector (86) for detecting the presence or absence of a product to be packaged. The detection of the product may cause the advancement of packaging material (22,24) and the product through a nipping station (70,72) to form a package. The failure to detect a product may cause the advancement of the packaging material to stop and conserve packaging material until a product is detected. The product detector (86) is a light-sensitive sensor trained to detect a difference in light passing through the first web.

A keyterm search is a method of searching a database for subsets of the database that are relevant to an input query. First, a number of relational models of subsets of a database are provided. A query is then input. The query can include one or more keyterms. Next, a gleaning model of the query is created. The gleaning model of the query is then compared to each one of the relational models of subsets of the database. The identifiers of the relevant subsets are then output.