Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) results in tapwater samples, in select areas within the United States, beginning 2023 (ver. 2.0, June 2025)
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This data release provides concentration results for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) collected by volunteer community members, in tapwater samples from 83 private residences, in select areas within the United States. Samples were collected July 1, 2023, through November 10, 2023. Samples were analyzed at the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory (NWQL) in Denver, Colorado. Exact site location information for these sites is not available because of privacy concerns.
Targeted and Nontargeted Measurements for PFAS in AHHS II Sampled Residential Media (2)
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In this dataset, we present data on PFAS measured using nontargeted methods in American Healthy Homes Study (AHHS) II residential tap water. Residential drinking water samples were collected as part of the American Healthy Homes Survey (AHHS) II effort by HUD for surveillance of chemicals of concern. Previous analysis was conducted on the collected media to account for lead, but the stability of PFAS enables follow-up analysis even after lead processing. PFAS were analyzed in ~800 water samples using non-targeted analysis by mass spectrometry. Because the methods are nontargeted and thus performed without prior knowledge of the identity of the PFAS in the sample, values are reported as instrument response integrated areas. This dataset is not publicly accessible because: EPA cannot release personally identifiable information regarding living individuals, according to the Privacy Act and the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). This dataset contains information about human research subjects. Because there is potential to identify individual participants and disclose personal information, either alone or in combination with other datasets, individual level data are not appropriate to post for public access. Restricted access may be granted to authorized persons by contacting the party listed. It can be accessed through the following means: Data presented in this manuscript is available upon reasonable request by contacting the authors, but locations may be censored to protect confidentiality of study participants. Format: EPA’s Office of Research and Development (ORD) was not directly engaged in the collection of information from human subjects. HUD’s contractor, QuanTech, conducted the field study and collected tap water and house dust samples. QuanTech received IRB Approval CR00077983 for HUD OHHLHC - AHHS II, American Healthy Homes Survey (AHHS) II (Pro00019737). According to the requirements of EPA Order 1000.17 A (Policy and Procedures on Protection of Human Research Subjects) and EPA Regulation 40 CFR 26 (Protection of Human Subjects), it was determined that the EPA investigators were not engaged in human subjects research (HSR-001225). This dataset is associated with the following publication: Boettger, J., N. Deluca, M. Zurek-Ost, K. Miller, C. Fuller, K. Bradham, P. Ashley, W. Friedman, E. Pinzer, D. Cox, G. Dewalt, K. Isaacs, E. Cohen-Hubal, and J. McCord. Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Tap Water from the American Healthy Homes Survey II. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, USA, 59(5): 2686–2698, (2025).
Discharge measurements, air temperature, water temperature, and gage height data for select stream monitoring locations across Pennsylvania and Maryland piedmont mixed agriculture 2023
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As part of a larger study examining stream conditions and the effect of best management practices in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, thirty small streams across the Pennsylvania and Maryland piedmont physiographic province were instrumented and monitored for gage height (water level), water temperature, and air temperature using Onset HOBO sensors from March to September 2023. In addition, discrete discharge measurements were made at baseflow at each site. This data release contains four .csv files with time-series for gage height, water temperature, and air temperature for all thirty monitoring locations and a table of discrete discharge measurements and associated field measurement metadata. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
OSF|ETC 2022 Gardiner DATA release Field
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Numerous per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are of growing concern worldwide, due to their ubiquitous presence, bioaccumulation and adverse effects. Surface waters in the United States have displayed elevated concentrations of PFAS, but so far discrete water sampling has been the commonly applied sampling approach. Here we field-tested a novel integrative passive sampler, a microporous polyethylene (PE) tube, and derived sampling rates (Rs) for 9 PFAS in surface waters. Three sampling campaigns were conducted, deploying PE tube passive samplers in the effluent of two wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent sites plants (WWTPs) and across Narragansett Bay (RI, US) for one month each in 2017/2018. Passive samplers exhibited linear uptake of PFAS in the WWTP effluents over 16-29 days, with in-situ Rs for nine PFASs ranging from 10 mL day-1 (PFPeA) to 29 mL day-1 (PFOS). Similar sampling rates of 19 ± 4.8 mL day-1 were observed in estuarine field deployments. Applying these Rs values in a different WWTP effluent predicted dissolved PFAS concentrations mostly within 50% of their observations in daily composite water samples, except for PFBA (where predictions from passive samplers were 3x greater than measured values), PFNA (1.9), PFDA (1.7) and PFPeS (0.1). These results highlight the potential use of passive samplers as measurement and assessment tools of PFAS in dynamic aquatic environments. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Gardiner, C., A. Robuck, J. Becanova, M. Cantwell, S. Kaserzon, D. Katz, J. Mueller, and R. Lohmann. Field validation of a novel passive sampler for dissolved PFAS in surface waters. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY. Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Pensacola, FL, USA, 41(10): 2375-2385, (2022).