This dataset provides a presentation that highlights the role NASA research and researchers played in developing a wide range of significant, quantitative ecological applications of satellite data. The presentation by Dr Diane E. Wickland, former NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program Manager and Lead for NASA Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems Focus Area, provides a top-level overview from her perspective of the development and evolution of the program. Dr Wickland joined NASA in 1985 to manage a newly formed Terrestrial Ecosystems Program. Along with other NASA program managers, she was charged with reorienting the program to be less empirical and have a greater focus on first principles, and to prepare for a next generation of earth-observing satellites. As an ecologist, she thought that focusing on important ecological questions and recruiting practicing ecologists to the program would facilitate such a change in directions. The presentation emphasizes the early years of U.S. satellite remote sensing and covers a few highlights after 2005.

The coastal marine system of the Gulf of Alaska (GoA) is connected hydrologically, biogeochemically and biologically with the upriver systems of the Copper River basin. Glacially weathered rock yields highly reactive particulate iron (Fe) into rivers that yields an important flux of bioavailable iron to the open ocean. North Pacific deep water is extremely nutrient-rich, and upwelling of deep water in estuaries and at river plumes results in very high biological productivity. The world-renowned fisheries in the vicinity of the Copper River region of the GoA thrive, in part, due to pristine riparian and lacustrine habitats for spawning and rearing. Pacific salmon spawn in the upper reaches of coastal watersheds, and their progeny spend a significant amount of time in freshwater habitats before migrating to the ocean. Prior to making the transition to a fully marine lifestyle, salmon smolts benefit from the enhanced biological productivity at plumes and within estuaries.The coastal GoA region is currently experiencing rapid and accelerating climate change as manifested by rapid recession of glaciers; climate models predict up to a 40% increase in river runoff from Alaska rivers by 2050. Over the coming decades an increase in glacier-dominated river discharge is likely, followed by decreases as glaciers recede. In addition, there will be a change in the seasonality of river discharge. Changes in freshwater discharge are likely to alter the flux of reactive particulate Fe, as well as dissolved organic and inorganic carbon (DIC and DOC) from glacier-dominated rivers, as well as the nitrate flux to surface water from estuarine upwelling, with cascading effects throughout the ecosystem. Furthermore, the freshwater supply of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and nitrate may increase over time due to recolonization of deglaciated watersheds by opportunistic nitrogen-fixing plants. New habitats for salmon and other members of the headwater ecosystem are likely to become available as glaciers retreat and as permafrost melts in the upper watershed. Conversely, decreased permafrost and decreased river flows may lead to the loss of habitat as freshwater sources dry seasonally or permanently. In addition, the positive or negative feedbacks to rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations, which are responsible for the warming and the subsequent melting of the glaciers, have not been addressed. As landscapes become ice free, the evolution of vegetation on these areas may act as net C sinks./The specific changes that will be manifested in the Copper River watershed and associated marine systems are difficult to predict and monitor. Using NASA products and a combination of remote sensing and field-based studies, this project seeks to establish a framework to document and monitor physical, biogeochemical biological changes in the coastal Gulf of Alaska adjacent to the Copper River.

The Natural Variability and Past Environmental change Sub-program of the Co-operative Research Centre for Antarctic and Southern Ocean Environments aims to use the records contained in ice and sediments to understand past environmental change to calibrate climatic models. The marine geoscience program for Voyage 7 consists of a sea bed sampling program designed to . Elucidate sedimentation processes on the Antarctic shelf and slope. . Provide sediment cores from the Antarctic shelf and slope for the study ofQuaternary environmental change. Sampling is proposed for Prydz Bay and the adjoining Mac. Robertson Shelf. Prydz Bay is an important site for studying the past behaviour of the Lambert Glacier-Amery Ice Shelf system which is the largest ice stream draining the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. The adjacent but contrasting Mac. Robertson Shelf may not have experienced the same style of glaciation during the Quatemary and has accumulated biogenic sediments in places. Bathymetry and 3.5kHz echo sounder data from Prydz Bay reveal features formed by erosion and deposition beneath the Amery Ice Shelf. The extent of post-glaciation iceberg gouging can also be inferred. On the Mac. Robertson Shelf, sediment accumulations suitable for coring can also be interpreted from the 3.5 kHz records. Fifteen gravity cores at sites selected to help interpret the Late Quaternary history of Prydz Bay and the Mac. Robertson Shelf will be collected on Voyage 7 of the 1992/93 Antarctic Division shipping season, on the R.V. Aurora Australis. An additional core from BANZARE Bank, the southern-most extension of the Kerguelen Plateau will be collected for palaeotemperature studies at the Co-operative Research Centre for Antarctic and Southern Ocean Environments. Grab samples will also be collected to elucidate modem sediment types in Prydz Bay and the Mac. Robertson Shelf.

The Natural Variability and Past Environmental change Sub-program of the Co-operative Research Centre for Antarctic and Southern Ocean Environments aims to use the records contained in ice and sediments to understand past environmental change to calibrate climatic models. The marine geoscience program for Voyage 7 consists of a sea bed sampling program designed to . Elucidate sedimentation processes on the Antarctic shelf and slope. . Provide sediment cores from the Antarctic shelf and slope for the study ofQuaternary environmental change. Sampling is proposed for Prydz Bay and the adjoining Mac. Robertson Shelf. Prydz Bay is an important site for studying the past behaviour of the Lambert Glacier-Amery Ice Shelf system which is the largest ice stream draining the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. The adjacent but contrasting Mac. Robertson Shelf may not have experienced the same style of glaciation during the Quatemary and has accumulated biogenic sediments in places. Bathymetry and 3.5kHz echo sounder data from Prydz Bay reveal features formed by erosion and deposition beneath the Amery Ice Shelf. The extent of post-glaciation iceberg gouging can also be inferred. On the Mac. Robertson Shelf, sediment accumulations suitable for coring can also be interpreted from the 3.5 kHz records. Fifteen gravity cores at sites selected to help interpret the Late Quaternary history of Prydz Bay and the Mac. Robertson Shelf will be collected on Voyage 7 of the 1992/93 Antarctic Division shipping season, on the R.V. Aurora Australis. An additional core from BANZARE Bank, the southern-most extension of the Kerguelen Plateau will be collected for palaeotemperature studies at the Co-operative Research Centre for Antarctic and Southern Ocean Environments. Grab samples will also be collected to elucidate modem sediment types in Prydz Bay and the Mac. Robertson Shelf.

The Natural Variability and Past Environmental change Sub-program of the Co-operative Research Centre for Antarctic and Southern Ocean Environments aims to use the records contained in ice and sediments to understand past environmental change to calibrate climatic models. The marine geoscience program for Voyage 7 consists of a sea bed sampling program designed to . Elucidate sedimentation processes on the Antarctic shelf and slope. . Provide sediment cores from the Antarctic shelf and slope for the study ofQuaternary environmental change. Sampling is proposed for Prydz Bay and the adjoining Mac. Robertson Shelf. Prydz Bay is an important site for studying the past behaviour of the Lambert Glacier-Amery Ice Shelf system which is the largest ice stream draining the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. The adjacent but contrasting Mac. Robertson Shelf may not have experienced the same style of glaciation during the Quatemary and has accumulated biogenic sediments in places. Bathymetry and 3.5kHz echo sounder data from Prydz Bay reveal features formed by erosion and deposition beneath the Amery Ice Shelf. The extent of post-glaciation iceberg gouging can also be inferred. On the Mac. Robertson Shelf, sediment accumulations suitable for coring can also be interpreted from the 3.5 kHz records. Fifteen gravity cores at sites selected to help interpret the Late Quaternary history of Prydz Bay and the Mac. Robertson Shelf will be collected on Voyage 7 of the 1992/93 Antarctic Division shipping season, on the R.V. Aurora Australis. An additional core from BANZARE Bank, the southern-most extension of the Kerguelen Plateau will be collected for palaeotemperature studies at the Co-operative Research Centre for Antarctic and Southern Ocean Environments. Grab samples will also be collected to elucidate modem sediment types in Prydz Bay and the Mac. Robertson Shelf.

The Natural Variability and Past Environmental change Sub-program of the Co-operative Research Centre for Antarctic and Southern Ocean Environments aims to use the records contained in ice and sediments to understand past environmental change to calibrate climatic models. The marine geoscience program for Voyage 7 consists of a sea bed sampling program designed to . Elucidate sedimentation processes on the Antarctic shelf and slope. . Provide sediment cores from the Antarctic shelf and slope for the study ofQuaternary environmental change. Sampling is proposed for Prydz Bay and the adjoining Mac. Robertson Shelf. Prydz Bay is an important site for studying the past behaviour of the Lambert Glacier-Amery Ice Shelf system which is the largest ice stream draining the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. The adjacent but contrasting Mac. Robertson Shelf may not have experienced the same style of glaciation during the Quatemary and has accumulated biogenic sediments in places. Bathymetry and 3.5kHz echo sounder data from Prydz Bay reveal features formed by erosion and deposition beneath the Amery Ice Shelf. The extent of post-glaciation iceberg gouging can also be inferred. On the Mac. Robertson Shelf, sediment accumulations suitable for coring can also be interpreted from the 3.5 kHz records. Fifteen gravity cores at sites selected to help interpret the Late Quaternary history of Prydz Bay and the Mac. Robertson Shelf will be collected on Voyage 7 of the 1992/93 Antarctic Division shipping season, on the R.V. Aurora Australis. An additional core from BANZARE Bank, the southern-most extension of the Kerguelen Plateau will be collected for palaeotemperature studies at the Co-operative Research Centre for Antarctic and Southern Ocean Environments. Grab samples will also be collected to elucidate modem sediment types in Prydz Bay and the Mac. Robertson Shelf.

Measurements in the north coast of the Rio de la Plata estuary, near Punta del Tigre, San Jose

The comma-delimited fields in this dataset provide values for the remotely sensed variables analyzed for landscape blocks described in the paper, "Multi-year data from satellite- and ground-based sensors show details and scale matter in assessing climate’s effects on wetland surface water, amphibians, and landscape conditions," by Sadinski et al. (submitted). The field labeled “BlockSite” links the records in this file with a set of boundaries in a shapefile called “Study_Block_Boundaries.shp” The records represent weekly measurements of normalized difference vegetation index (BlockNDVI) values and total evapotranspiration (BlockETmm), as well as the annual snow-off date (BlockDOYsnowfree) for the study blocks from January through August from 2008 to 2012.

The goal of this project is to quantify the reliability of remotely sensed turbidity products for use in the Kimberley region. There are two specific objectives. 1: Analyze uncertainties of remotely sensed turbidity products by comparison of different algorithms and different resolution products with each other and with archived in situ data 2: Analyze time series of remotely sensed turbidity data to provide first-stage pilot products that may be applicable for future use as marine management tools. The deliverables are: Analysis of ensemble variability between different algorithms; Assessment of sub-km scale variability from comparison with high-resolution products; Quantification of uncertainty from comparison with archived in situ data; Maps of turbidity "hotspot" regions (i.e. regions of frequently occurring high turbidity events and regions of extreme variability).; Alternative: Maps of different turbidity regimes (e.g. permanently high turbidity, frequent turbid events, infrequent turbid events, persistently clear water).; Turbidity indicator products (e.g. days above a set turbidity threshold)