미국
Critical Carenon-peer-review research depository
The tradition of circulating research findings before peerreview is old and continues today. In addition to the informal circulation of non-peer-reviewed research reports between scientists, there are also well-organised schemes, of which the most established currently is the Internet-based preprint repository in physics run from the Los Alamos Institute (http://arxiv.org/). The National Institutes of Health (NIH) also offered a successful and well regarded preprint service in the 1960s.