The UAlbany Micro Rain Radar 2 (MRR-2) IMPACTS dataset consists of reflectivity, Doppler velocity, signal-to-noise ratio, spectral width, droplet size, Liquid Water Content, melting layer, drop size distribution, rain attenuation, rain rate, and radial velocity data collected during the Investigation of Microphysics and Precipitation for Atlantic Coast-Threatening Snowstorms (IMPACTS) field campaign. IMPACTS was a three-year sequence of winter season deployments conducted to study snowstorms over the U.S. Atlantic Coast (2020-2023). The campaign aimed to (1) Provide observations critical to understanding the mechanisms of snowband formation, organization, and evolution; (2) Examine how the microphysical characteristics and likely growth mechanisms of snow particles vary across snowbands; and (3) Improve snowfall remote sensing interpretation and modeling to significantly advance prediction capabilities. The MRR-2 instrument was used to collect data for this dataset. The dataset files are available from January 30, 2020, through February 28, 2023, in netCDF-3 and netCDF-4 format.

The SBU Micro Rain Radar 2 (MRR-2) IMPACTS dataset consists of reflectivity, Doppler velocity, signal-to-noise ratio, spectral width, droplet size, Liquid Water Content, melting layer, drop size distribution, rain attenuation, rain rate, and radial velocity data collected during the Investigation of Microphysics and Precipitation for Atlantic Coast-Threatening Snowstorms (IMPACTS) field campaign. IMPACTS was a three-year sequence of winter season deployments conducted to study snowstorms over the U.S. Atlantic Coast (2020-2022). The campaign aimed to (1) Provide observations critical to understanding the mechanisms of snowband formation, organization, and evolution; (2) Examine how the microphysical characteristics and likely growth mechanisms of snow particles vary across snowbands; and (3) Improve snowfall remote sensing interpretation and modeling to significantly advance prediction capabilities. Both the MRR-2 and the MRR-PRO instruments were used to collect data for this dataset. The dataset files are available from January 1 through February 28, 2020 in netCDF-3 and netCDF-4/CF formats.

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The SBU Microwave Radiometer (MWR) IMPACTS dataset consists of microwave radiometer data collected during the Investigation of Microphysics and Precipitation for Atlantic Coast-Threatening Snowstorms (IMPACTS) field campaign. IMPACTS was a three-year sequence of winter season deployments conducted to study snowstorms over the U.S. Atlantic Coast (2020-2023). The campaign aimed to (1) Provide observations critical to understanding the mechanisms of snowband formation, organization, and evolution; (2) Examine how the microphysical characteristics and likely growth mechanisms of snow particles vary across snowbands; and (3) Improve snowfall remote sensing interpretation and modeling to significantly advance prediction capabilities. The dataset files are available from January 1, 2023, through March 6, 2023, in netCDF-4 format.

The GPM Ground Validation Micro Rain Radar (MRR) NASA ACHIEVE IPHEx dataset was gathered during the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Ground Validation Integrated Precipitation and Hydrology Experiment (IPHEx) in North Carolina from May 1, 2014 through June 15, 2014. The dataset includes data from the MRR instrument, which is part of the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) ACHIEVE ground-based mobile laboratory. The MRR is a Biral/Metek 24 GHz (K-band) vertically oriented Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FM–CW) radar that measures Doppler spectra, radar reflectivity, Doppler velocity, drop size distribution, rain rate, liquid water content, and path integrated attenuation. Data files are available in ASCII 'ave' data format.

The GPM Ground Validation NASA Micro Rain Radar (MRR) is a vertically pointing Doppler radar which provided measurements of vertical velocity, drop size distribution, rainfall rate, attenuation, liquid water content, and reflectivity factor obtained during the Integrated Precipitation and Hydrology Experiment (IPHEx), which took place in western North Carolina during the spring of 2014. A total of four MRRs were deployed, some co-located with other instruments and some were moved to different locations during the campaign. The dataset covers the period of April 22, 2014 through June 16, 2014, but each MRR deployed may not contain data during the entirety of this period. Two MRRs remained deployed through October 17, 2014 and data from these are also included in this dataset.

The Advanced Microwave Precipitation Radiometer (AMPR) IMPACTS dataset consists of brightness temperature measurements collected by the Advanced Microwave Precipitation Radiometer (AMPR) onboard the NASA ER-2 high-altitude research aircraft. AMPR provides multi-frequency microwave imagery, with high spatial and temporal resolution for deriving cloud, precipitation, water vapor, and surface properties. These measurements were taken during the Investigation of Microphysics and Precipitation for Atlantic Coast-Threatening Snowstorms (IMPACTS) campaign. Funded by NASA’s Earth Venture program, IMPACTS is the first comprehensive study of East Coast snowstorms in 30 years. Data files are available from December 16, 2019, through March 2, 2023, in netCDF-4 format.

The Multi-Radar/Multi-Sensor (MRMS) Precipitation Reanalysis for Satellite Validation Product IMPACTS dataset contains reflectivity products using the MRMS system during the Investigation of Microphysics and Precipitation for Atlantic Coast-Threatening Snowstorms (IMPACTS) field campaign. IMPACTS was a three-year sequence of winter season deployments conducted to study snowstorms over the U.S. Atlantic Coast (2020-2023). The campaign aimed to (1) Provide observations critical to understanding the mechanisms of snowband formation, organization, and evolution; (2) Examine how the microphysical characteristics and likely growth mechanisms of snow particles vary across snowbands; and (3) Improve snowfall remote sensing interpretation and modeling to significantly advance prediction capabilities. Data are available from January 1, 2022, through March 2, 2023, in netCDF-4 format.

The GPM Ground Validation Micro Rain Radar (MRR) NASA IFloodS dataset was collected by a Micro Rain Radar (MRR), which is a vertically pointing Doppler radar which provided measurements of vertical velocity, drop size distribution, rainfall rate, attenuation, liquid water content, and reflectivity factor during the Iowa Flood Study (IFloodS), which took place in eastern Iowa during the spring of 2013. The goals of the campaign were to collect detailed measurements of precipitation at the Earth's surface using ground instruments and advanced weather radars and, simultaneously, collect data from satellites passing overhead. A total of four MRRs were deployed, each adjacent to a two-dimensional video disdrometer (2DVD). Each MRR-2DVD site had one or more Autonomous Parsivel2 Unit (APU) with tipping bucket rain gauges either collocated or within 4-8 km away. The dataset covers the period of April 11, 2013 through June 16, 2013, but each MRR deployed may not contain data during the entirety of this period.

The Advanced Microwave Precipitation Radiometer (AMPR) IMPACTS dataset consists of brightness temperature measurements collected by the Advanced Microwave Precipitation Radiometer (AMPR) onboard the NASA ER-2 high-altitude research aircraft. AMPR provides multi-frequency microwave imagery, with high spatial and temporal resolution for deriving cloud, precipitation, water vapor and surface properties. These measurements were taken during the Investigation of Microphysics and Precipitation for Atlantic Coast-Threatening Snowstorms (IMPACTS) campaign. Funded by NASA’s Earth Venture program, IMPACTS is the first comprehensive study of East Coast snowstorms in 30 years. Data files are available from January 18, 2020 through February 28, 2022 in netCDF-4 format.