This data release consists of the data used to develop SPAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed(SPARROW) attributes models for estimating loads of total phosphorus and total nitrogen in Tennessee streams. These data support the publication containing the Tennessee SPARROW models results (Hoos and others, 2019) and include model input used in the South Atlantic-Gulf Drainages and Tennessee River Basin (SAGT) nutrient SPARROW models (Hoos and McMahon, 2009; Garcia and others, 2011) as well as model input for river basins in Tennessee not included in the domain of the published SAGT SPARROW models. Also included in this data release are model coefficients, the software required to execute the Tennessee SPARROW models, and the model output for all streams in Tennessee. Each data set is listed in this data release with an accompanying file containing metadata for the dataset. For additional details, please refer to the README.txt file.

This data release consists of the data used to develop SPAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed(SPARROW) attributes models for estimating loads of total phosphorus and total nitrogen in Tennessee streams. These data support the publication containing the Tennessee SPARROW models results (Hoos and others, 2019) and include model input used in the South Atlantic-Gulf Drainages and Tennessee River Basin (SAGT) nutrient SPARROW models (Hoos and McMahon, 2009; Garcia and others, 2011) as well as model input for river basins in Tennessee not included in the domain of the published SAGT SPARROW models. Also included in this data release are model coefficients, the software required to execute the Tennessee SPARROW models, and the model output for all streams in Tennessee. Each data set is listed in this data release with an accompanying file containing metadata for the dataset. For additional details, please refer to the README.txt file.

This data release consists of the data used to develop SPAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed(SPARROW) attributes models for estimating loads of total phosphorus and total nitrogen in Tennessee streams. These data support the publication containing the Tennessee SPARROW models results (Hoos and others, 2019) and include model input used in the South Atlantic-Gulf Drainages and Tennessee River Basin (SAGT) nutrient SPARROW models (Hoos and McMahon, 2009; Garcia and others, 2011) as well as model input for river basins in Tennessee not included in the domain of the published SAGT SPARROW models. Also included in this data release are model coefficients, the software required to execute the Tennessee SPARROW models, and the model output for all streams in Tennessee. Each data set is listed in this data release with an accompanying file containing metadata for the dataset. For additional details, please refer to the README.txt file.

This data release consists of the data used to develop SPAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed(SPARROW) attributes models for estimating loads of total phosphorus and total nitrogen in Tennessee streams. These data support the publication containing the Tennessee SPARROW models results (Hoos and others, 2019) and include model input used in the South Atlantic-Gulf Drainages and Tennessee River Basin (SAGT) nutrient SPARROW models (Hoos and McMahon, 2009; Garcia and others, 2011) as well as model input for river basins in Tennessee not included in the domain of the published SAGT SPARROW models. Also included in this data release are model coefficients, the software required to execute the Tennessee SPARROW models, and the model output for all streams in Tennessee. Each data set is listed in this data release with an accompanying file containing metadata for the dataset. For additional details, please refer to the README.txt file.

This data release consists of the data used to develop SPAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed(SPARROW) attributes models for estimating loads of total phosphorus and total nitrogen in Tennessee streams. These data support the publication containing the Tennessee SPARROW models results (Hoos and others, 2019) and include model input used in the South Atlantic-Gulf Drainages and Tennessee River Basin (SAGT) nutrient SPARROW models (Hoos and McMahon, 2009; Garcia and others, 2011) as well as model input for river basins in Tennessee not included in the domain of the published SAGT SPARROW models. Also included in this data release are model coefficients, the software required to execute the Tennessee SPARROW models, and the model output for all streams in Tennessee. Each data set is listed in this data release with an accompanying file containing metadata for the dataset. For additional details, please refer to the README.txt file.

This data release consists of the data used to develop SPAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed(SPARROW) attributes models for estimating loads of total phosphorus and total nitrogen in Tennessee streams. These data support the publication containing the Tennessee SPARROW models results (Hoos and others, 2019) and include model input used in the South Atlantic-Gulf Drainages and Tennessee River Basin (SAGT) nutrient SPARROW models (Hoos and McMahon, 2009; Garcia and others, 2011) as well as model input for river basins in Tennessee not included in the domain of the published SAGT SPARROW models. Also included in this data release are model coefficients, the software required to execute the Tennessee SPARROW models, and the model output for all streams in Tennessee. Each data set is listed in this data release with an accompanying file containing metadata for the dataset. For additional details, please refer to the README.txt file.

Degradation of water quality from nutrient pollution continues to be a challenge for water resource managers. The development of effective management strategies begins with tools that facilitate an understanding of nutrient sources and transport. SPARROW (SPAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed attributes) is a spatially explicit model platform that correlates water-quality observations with sources and transport-related properties of the watershed to predict constituent loads for streams and catchments. Several large-scale regional SPARROW models have been previously developed by the USGS that predict nutrient loads for large portions of the U.S. (see https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/water-resources/science/sparrow-mappers). However, relatively smaller-scaled and more focused, state-based SPARROW models may also be of particular benefit to state and local resource managers related to assessment of total maximum daily loads, nutrient criteria, and prioritizing nutrient reduction strategies. For this study, the USGS, in cooperation with Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ), developed state-based SPARROW models for Mississippi using RSPARROW software (Alexander and Gorman Sanisaca, 2019). Mississippi SPARROW models were developed by utilizing published input datasets of nutrients sources and delivery variables compiled from the Midwest (Saad and Robertson, 2020) and Southeast regional SPARROW models (Roland and Hoos, 2020). Source and delivery variables included land characteristics (urban coverage), instream and reservoir attenuation, and various sources of nitrogen and phosphorus (atmospheric deposition, point-sources, fertilizer/manure application, geologic material, etc.). Updated load estimates were calculated using streamflow and nutrient data for the period of 2005 through 2020 from USGS streamgages throughout Mississippi and portions of Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, North Carolina, and Virginia. Load estimates were used to calibrate total nitrogen and total phosphorus SPARROW models for the base year of 2018. This data release includes the raw input and output files used in the development of Mississippi SPARROW models. Please note: the spatial footprint of these datasets includes calibration sites, stream reaches, and catchments that extend outside of the state of Mississippi; however, the associated report by Roland and Gain (2025) and web-based mapper (https://sparrow.wim.usgs.gov/sparrow-mississippi/) only include model results for stream reaches and catchments that are within or drain into the state of Mississippi. Included datasets: ms_sparrow_data1.csv (model input data file "data1") ms_sparrow_catchments.zip (catchment shapefile) ms_sparrow_reaches.zip (stream reach shapefile) ms_sparrow_output_TN.csv (total nitrogen model results - predicted loads and yields) ms_sparrow_output_TP.csv (total phosphorus model results - predicted loads and yields) Cited works: Alexander, Richard B., and Gorman Sanisaca, Lillian. (2019). RSPARROW: An R system for SPARROW modeling. U.S. Geological Survey Software release. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9UAZ6FO. Roland, V.L., II, and Hoos, A.B., 2020, SPARROW model inputs and simulated streamflow, nutrient and suspended-sediment loads in streams of the Southeastern United States, 2012 Base Year: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9A682GW. Saad, D.A., and Robertson, D.M., 2020, SPARROW model inputs and simulated streamflow, nutrient and suspended-sediment loads in streams of the Midwestern United States, 2012 Base Year: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P93QMXC9.

Degradation of water quality from nutrient pollution continues to be a challenge for water resource managers. The development of effective management strategies begins with tools that facilitate an understanding of nutrient sources and transport. SPARROW (SPAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed attributes) is a spatially explicit model platform that correlates water-quality observations with sources and transport-related properties of the watershed to predict constituent loads for streams and catchments. Several large-scale regional SPARROW models have been previously developed by the USGS that predict nutrient loads for large portions of the U.S. (see https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/water-resources/science/sparrow-mappers). However, relatively smaller-scaled and more focused, state-based SPARROW models may also be of particular benefit to state and local resource managers related to assessment of total maximum daily loads, nutrient criteria, and prioritizing nutrient reduction strategies. For this study, the USGS, in cooperation with Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ), developed state-based SPARROW models for Mississippi using RSPARROW software (Alexander and Gorman Sanisaca, 2019). Mississippi SPARROW models were developed by utilizing published input datasets of nutrients sources and delivery variables compiled from the Midwest (Saad and Robertson, 2020) and Southeast regional SPARROW models (Roland and Hoos, 2020). Source and delivery variables included land characteristics (urban coverage), instream and reservoir attenuation, and various sources of nitrogen and phosphorus (atmospheric deposition, point-sources, fertilizer/manure application, geologic material, etc.). Updated load estimates were calculated using streamflow and nutrient data for the period of 2005 through 2020 from USGS streamgages throughout Mississippi and portions of Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, North Carolina, and Virginia. Load estimates were used to calibrate total nitrogen and total phosphorus SPARROW models for the base year of 2018. This data release includes the raw input and output files used in the development of Mississippi SPARROW models. Please note: the spatial footprint of these datasets includes calibration sites, stream reaches, and catchments that extend outside of the state of Mississippi; however, the associated report by Roland and Gain (2025) and web-based mapper (https://sparrow.wim.usgs.gov/sparrow-mississippi/) only include model results for stream reaches and catchments that are within or drain into the state of Mississippi. Included datasets: ms_sparrow_data1.csv (model input data file "data1") ms_sparrow_catchments.zip (catchment shapefile) ms_sparrow_reaches.zip (stream reach shapefile) ms_sparrow_output_TN.csv (total nitrogen model results - predicted loads and yields) ms_sparrow_output_TP.csv (total phosphorus model results - predicted loads and yields) Cited works: Alexander, Richard B., and Gorman Sanisaca, Lillian. (2019). RSPARROW: An R system for SPARROW modeling. U.S. Geological Survey Software release. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9UAZ6FO. Roland, V.L., II, and Hoos, A.B., 2020, SPARROW model inputs and simulated streamflow, nutrient and suspended-sediment loads in streams of the Southeastern United States, 2012 Base Year: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9A682GW. Saad, D.A., and Robertson, D.M., 2020, SPARROW model inputs and simulated streamflow, nutrient and suspended-sediment loads in streams of the Midwestern United States, 2012 Base Year: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P93QMXC9.

To better understand the influence of human activities and natural processes on surface-water quality, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) developed the SPARROW (SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes) (Schwarz and others, 2006; Alexander and others, 2008) model. The framework is used to relate water-quality monitoring data to sources and watershed characteristics that affect the fate and transport of constituents to receiving surface-water bodies. The core of the model consists of using a nonlinear-regression equation to describe the non-conservative transport of contaminants from point and nonpoint sources on land to rivers, lakes and estuaries through the stream and river network. In North Carolina, excessive sediment loadings have contributed to the degradation of surface-water quality, and point and nonpoint nutrient sources are recognized as major contributors of this degradation in rivers, lakes and estuaries. The SPARROW model was configured for North Carolina to predict total nitrogen and total phosphorus loads in streams and to evaluate the relative importance and contributions of nitrogen and phosphorus sources and other landscape characteristics. The model time period is 1999 to 2014, centered at 2012. This data release includes model input (data1_vTNTP.zip), model predictions (predict_TN.zip and predict_TP.zip) that represent simulated stream load, model catchment shapefile (model_catchments.zip), and a brief methodology (Methodology_TNTP.pdf). See the 'Methodology_TNTP.pdf' file for model documentation.

To better understand the influence of human activities and natural processes on surface-water quality, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) developed the SPARROW (SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes) (Schwarz and others, 2006; Alexander and others, 2008) model. The framework is used to relate water-quality monitoring data to sources and watershed characteristics that affect the fate and transport of constituents to receiving surface-water bodies. The core of the model consists of using a nonlinear-regression equation to describe the non-conservative transport of contaminants from point and nonpoint sources on land to rivers, lakes and estuaries through the stream and river network. In North Carolina, excessive sediment loadings have contributed to the degradation of surface-water quality, and point and nonpoint nutrient sources are recognized as major contributors of this degradation in rivers, lakes and estuaries. The SPARROW model was configured for North Carolina to predict total nitrogen and total phosphorus loads in streams and to evaluate the relative importance and contributions of nitrogen and phosphorus sources and other landscape characteristics. The model time period is 1999 to 2014, centered at 2012. This data release includes model input (data1_vTNTP.zip), model predictions (predict_TN.zip and predict_TP.zip) that represent simulated stream load, model catchment shapefile (model_catchments.zip), and a brief methodology (Methodology_TNTP.pdf). See the 'Methodology_TNTP.pdf' file for model documentation.