**Overview** Surface wind, temperature, and turbulence measurements based on three-dimensional (3D) sonic anemometer and temperature/relative humidity (T/RH) data. **Data Details** T/RH events history is available in the attached Excel file: *PS01-TRH-3m *PS01-TRH-10m *PS02-TRH-3m *PS06-TRH-3m *PS02-TRH-17m *PS06-TRH-21m *PS11-TRH-3m *PS11-TRH-10m *PS11-TRH-3m-new **Data Quality** The current dataset is the result of processing the raw data (“.00”) with EddyPro v6.2.0 for 15-minute intervals. The dataset contains results and metadata that should fully cover all software settings and options used in data processing. A detailed description is given in the attached *WFIP2 Project: University of Notre Dame Meteorological Towers Quality Controlled Dataset* README file.

**Overview** Surface wind, temperature, and turbulence measurements based on three-dimensional (3D) sonic anemometer and temperature/relative humidity (T/RH) data. **Data Details** T/RH events history is available in the attached Excel file: *PS01-TRH-3m *PS01-TRH-10m *PS02-TRH-3m *PS06-TRH-3m *PS02-TRH-17m *PS06-TRH-21m *PS11-TRH-3m *PS11-TRH-10m *PS11-TRH-3m-new **Data Quality** The current dataset is the result of processing the raw data (“.00”) with EddyPro v6.2.0 for 15-minute intervals. The dataset contains results and metadata that should fully cover all software settings and options used in data processing. A detailed description is given in the attached *WFIP2 Project: University of Notre Dame Meteorological Towers Quality Controlled Dataset* README file.

**Overview** The data included features wind, temperature, and turbulence measurements. **Data Details** Each met station (met.z18, met.z19, met.z21, and met.z23) consists of multiple levels of three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometers, RM Young 81000 (sampling frequency = 20 Hz), and temperature/relative humidity probes, Rotronics HC2S3 (sampling frequency = 1 Hz). The HC2S3 probes were housed in radiation shields to protect them from thermal radiation, and they were adequately ventilated. Moreover, an infrared gas analyzer (LI-7500 Open Path CO~2/H~2~O Analyzer) was collocated at 3-meter height at met.z18 (sampling frequency = 20 Hz) in a second phase of the experiment (June 2016). Raw data are collected by Campbell CR3000 dataloggers and successively parsed into 15-minutes data files. For each met station, multiple data files are outputted with each data file corresponding to a certain type of instrument and a specific measurement height. The types of instrument and measurement heights are specified by the name of the data file itself. For example, met station met.z19 consists of sonic anemometers measurements at 3-, 10-, and 17-meter height and temperature/relative humidity measurements at 3- and 17-meter height. Therefore, the following data files are outputted: 3m sonic anemometer sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.son03m.dat 10m sonic anemometer sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.son10m.dat 17m sonic anemometer sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.son17m.dat 3m T-RH sensor sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.trh03m.dat 17m T-RH sensor sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.trh17m.dat Note that in the "Primary Measurements/Variables" section, the variables sonic_u-wind, sonic_v-wind, sonic_w-wind represent the orthogonal u, v, and w wind velocities outputted by the sonic RM Young 81000, oriented with u-axis aligned east-west and v-axis aligned north-south. In this orientation, +u values = wind from the east, and +v values = wind from the north. Wind from below (updraft) = +w. Instruments' manuals and dataset samples are provided as attachments. **Data Quality** Raw data: no quality control (QC) is applied. Data are visually inspected at least weekly. **Uncertainty** 1. RM Young 81000 Ultrasonic Anemometer Measurements * Anything that blocks the acoustic signal path will degrade the measurement. * If the path is blocked sufficiently, measurements cannot be made. The RM Young 81000 can make accurate measurements in driving rain, but light mist or heavy fog can allow droplets to accumulate on the transducer faces and block the measurement. * Measurements may be made in driving snow, although frost and snow that adheres to the transducer face may block the measurement. Similarly, freezing rain on the transducer face may block the measurement. 2. Rotronics HC2S3 Temperature and Relative Humidity Measurement * This sensor requires minimal maintenance, but dust, debris, and salts on the filter cap may degrade sensor performance. Because of the remote location and difficulties in climbing the met towers, no maintenance of these sensors was performed during the field experiment. 3. Licor LI-7500 Measurement * The LI-7500 optical windows should be cleaned when necessary (by checking the diagnostic values). * Rain, snow, fog, condensation, or dust deposition on the optical path of the instrument may affect the gas analyzer's performance and lead to less consistent/missing measurements. Because of the remote location and difficulties in climbing the met towers, no maintenance of these sensors was performed during the field experiment.

**Overview** Surface wind, temperature, and turbulence measurements based on three-dimensional (3D) sonic anemometer and temperature/relative humidity (T/RH) data. **Data Details** T/RH events history is available in the attached Excel file: *PS01-TRH-3m *PS01-TRH-10m *PS02-TRH-3m *PS06-TRH-3m *PS02-TRH-17m *PS06-TRH-21m *PS11-TRH-3m *PS11-TRH-10m *PS11-TRH-3m-new **Data Quality** The current dataset is the result of processing the raw data (“.00”) with EddyPro v6.2.0 for 15-minute intervals. The dataset contains results and metadata that should fully cover all software settings and options used in data processing. A detailed description is given in the attached *WFIP2 Project: University of Notre Dame Meteorological Towers Quality Controlled Dataset* README file.

**Overview** The data included features wind, temperature, and turbulence measurements. **Data Details** Each met station (met.z18, met.z19, met.z21, and met.z23) consists of multiple levels of three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometers, RM Young 81000 (sampling frequency = 20 Hz), and temperature/relative humidity probes, Rotronics HC2S3 (sampling frequency = 1 Hz). The HC2S3 probes were housed in radiation shields to protect them from thermal radiation, and they were adequately ventilated. Moreover, an infrared gas analyzer (LI-7500 Open Path CO~2/H~2~O Analyzer) was collocated at 3-meter height at met.z18 (sampling frequency = 20 Hz) in a second phase of the experiment (June 2016). Raw data are collected by Campbell CR3000 dataloggers and successively parsed into 15-minutes data files. For each met station, multiple data files are outputted with each data file corresponding to a certain type of instrument and a specific measurement height. The types of instrument and measurement heights are specified by the name of the data file itself. For example, met station met.z19 consists of sonic anemometers measurements at 3-, 10-, and 17-meter height and temperature/relative humidity measurements at 3- and 17-meter height. Therefore, the following data files are outputted: 3m sonic anemometer sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.son03m.dat 10m sonic anemometer sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.son10m.dat 17m sonic anemometer sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.son17m.dat 3m T-RH sensor sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.trh03m.dat 17m T-RH sensor sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.trh17m.dat Note that in the "Primary Measurements/Variables" section, the variables sonic_u-wind, sonic_v-wind, sonic_w-wind represent the orthogonal u, v, and w wind velocities outputted by the sonic RM Young 81000, oriented with u-axis aligned east-west and v-axis aligned north-south. In this orientation, +u values = wind from the east, and +v values = wind from the north. Wind from below (updraft) = +w. Instruments' manuals and dataset samples are provided as attachments. **Data Quality** Raw data: no quality control (QC) is applied. Data are visually inspected at least weekly. **Uncertainty** 1. RM Young 81000 Ultrasonic Anemometer Measurements * Anything that blocks the acoustic signal path will degrade the measurement. * If the path is blocked sufficiently, measurements cannot be made. The RM Young 81000 can make accurate measurements in driving rain, but light mist or heavy fog can allow droplets to accumulate on the transducer faces and block the measurement. * Measurements may be made in driving snow, although frost and snow that adheres to the transducer face may block the measurement. Similarly, freezing rain on the transducer face may block the measurement. 2. Rotronics HC2S3 Temperature and Relative Humidity Measurement * This sensor requires minimal maintenance, but dust, debris, and salts on the filter cap may degrade sensor performance. Because of the remote location and difficulties in climbing the met towers, no maintenance of these sensors was performed during the field experiment. 3. Licor LI-7500 Measurement * The LI-7500 optical windows should be cleaned when necessary (by checking the diagnostic values). * Rain, snow, fog, condensation, or dust deposition on the optical path of the instrument may affect the gas analyzer's performance and lead to less consistent/missing measurements. Because of the remote location and difficulties in climbing the met towers, no maintenance of these sensors was performed during the field experiment.

**Overview** The data included features wind, temperature, and turbulence measurements. **Data Details** Each met station (met.z18, met.z19, met.z21, and met.z23) consists of multiple levels of three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometers, RM Young 81000 (sampling frequency = 20 Hz), and temperature/relative humidity probes, Rotronics HC2S3 (sampling frequency = 1 Hz). The HC2S3 probes were housed in radiation shields to protect them from thermal radiation, and they were adequately ventilated. Moreover, an infrared gas analyzer (LI-7500 Open Path CO~2/H~2~O Analyzer) was collocated at 3-meter height at met.z18 (sampling frequency = 20 Hz) in a second phase of the experiment (June 2016). Raw data are collected by Campbell CR3000 dataloggers and successively parsed into 15-minutes data files. For each met station, multiple data files are outputted with each data file corresponding to a certain type of instrument and a specific measurement height. The types of instrument and measurement heights are specified by the name of the data file itself. For example, met station met.z19 consists of sonic anemometers measurements at 3-, 10-, and 17-meter height and temperature/relative humidity measurements at 3- and 17-meter height. Therefore, the following data files are outputted: 3m sonic anemometer sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.son03m.dat 10m sonic anemometer sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.son10m.dat 17m sonic anemometer sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.son17m.dat 3m T-RH sensor sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.trh03m.dat 17m T-RH sensor sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.trh17m.dat Note that in the "Primary Measurements/Variables" section, the variables sonic_u-wind, sonic_v-wind, sonic_w-wind represent the orthogonal u, v, and w wind velocities outputted by the sonic RM Young 81000, oriented with u-axis aligned east-west and v-axis aligned north-south. In this orientation, +u values = wind from the east, and +v values = wind from the north. Wind from below (updraft) = +w. Instruments' manuals and dataset samples are provided as attachments. **Data Quality** Raw data: no quality control (QC) is applied. Data are visually inspected at least weekly. **Uncertainty** 1. RM Young 81000 Ultrasonic Anemometer Measurements * Anything that blocks the acoustic signal path will degrade the measurement. * If the path is blocked sufficiently, measurements cannot be made. The RM Young 81000 can make accurate measurements in driving rain, but light mist or heavy fog can allow droplets to accumulate on the transducer faces and block the measurement. * Measurements may be made in driving snow, although frost and snow that adheres to the transducer face may block the measurement. Similarly, freezing rain on the transducer face may block the measurement. 2. Rotronics HC2S3 Temperature and Relative Humidity Measurement * This sensor requires minimal maintenance, but dust, debris, and salts on the filter cap may degrade sensor performance. Because of the remote location and difficulties in climbing the met towers, no maintenance of these sensors was performed during the field experiment. 3. Licor LI-7500 Measurement * The LI-7500 optical windows should be cleaned when necessary (by checking the diagnostic values). * Rain, snow, fog, condensation, or dust deposition on the optical path of the instrument may affect the gas analyzer's performance and lead to less consistent/missing measurements. Because of the remote location and difficulties in climbing the met towers, no maintenance of these sensors was performed during the field experiment.

**Overview** The data included features wind, temperature, and turbulence measurements. **Data Details** Each met station (met.z18, met.z19, met.z21, and met.z23) consists of multiple levels of three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometers, RM Young 81000 (sampling frequency = 20 Hz), and temperature/relative humidity probes, Rotronics HC2S3 (sampling frequency = 1 Hz). The HC2S3 probes were housed in radiation shields to protect them from thermal radiation, and they were adequately ventilated. Moreover, an infrared gas analyzer (LI-7500 Open Path CO~2/H~2~O Analyzer) was collocated at 3-meter height at met.z18 (sampling frequency = 20 Hz) in a second phase of the experiment (June 2016). Raw data are collected by Campbell CR3000 dataloggers and successively parsed into 15-minutes data files. For each met station, multiple data files are outputted with each data file corresponding to a certain type of instrument and a specific measurement height. The types of instrument and measurement heights are specified by the name of the data file itself. For example, met station met.z19 consists of sonic anemometers measurements at 3-, 10-, and 17-meter height and temperature/relative humidity measurements at 3- and 17-meter height. Therefore, the following data files are outputted: 3m sonic anemometer sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.son03m.dat 10m sonic anemometer sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.son10m.dat 17m sonic anemometer sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.son17m.dat 3m T-RH sensor sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.trh03m.dat 17m T-RH sensor sample file name: met.z19.00.20160502.171500.trh17m.dat Note that in the "Primary Measurements/Variables" section, the variables sonic_u-wind, sonic_v-wind, sonic_w-wind represent the orthogonal u, v, and w wind velocities outputted by the sonic RM Young 81000, oriented with u-axis aligned east-west and v-axis aligned north-south. In this orientation, +u values = wind from the east, and +v values = wind from the north. Wind from below (updraft) = +w. Instruments' manuals and dataset samples are provided as attachments. **Data Quality** Raw data: no quality control (QC) is applied. Data are visually inspected at least weekly. **Uncertainty** 1. RM Young 81000 Ultrasonic Anemometer Measurements * Anything that blocks the acoustic signal path will degrade the measurement. * If the path is blocked sufficiently, measurements cannot be made. The RM Young 81000 can make accurate measurements in driving rain, but light mist or heavy fog can allow droplets to accumulate on the transducer faces and block the measurement. * Measurements may be made in driving snow, although frost and snow that adheres to the transducer face may block the measurement. Similarly, freezing rain on the transducer face may block the measurement. 2. Rotronics HC2S3 Temperature and Relative Humidity Measurement * This sensor requires minimal maintenance, but dust, debris, and salts on the filter cap may degrade sensor performance. Because of the remote location and difficulties in climbing the met towers, no maintenance of these sensors was performed during the field experiment. 3. Licor LI-7500 Measurement * The LI-7500 optical windows should be cleaned when necessary (by checking the diagnostic values). * Rain, snow, fog, condensation, or dust deposition on the optical path of the instrument may affect the gas analyzer's performance and lead to less consistent/missing measurements. Because of the remote location and difficulties in climbing the met towers, no maintenance of these sensors was performed during the field experiment.

**Overview** Sonic anemometers from Physics Site-3 and Site-9 provide wind components and virtual temperature. The energy balance Bowen ratio (EBBR) station at Physics site-3 provides measurements of the surface fluxes of latent and sensible heat, net radiation, and surface soil heat flux. **Data Quality** Data will be automatically screened using similar maximum/minimum range limits used, for example, for the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement EBBR systems. Data also will be visually inspected for outliers and obviously incorrect data periods.

**Overview** Measurements of surface sensible heat flux, momentum flux, wind components, and virtual temperature. **Data Details** * X (column 1) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward north. * Y (column 2) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward east. * Z (column 3) is a component of wind cm/s plus up. * T (column 4) is sonic virtual temperature in degrees C*100. * hh:mm:ss is data collection time in UTC. **Data Quality** The Argonne National Laboratory sonic anemometer measurements are visually inspected weekly for data outliers or instrument problems. The final dataset sent to the DAP will have all outliers or problematic data removed using automated and visual processes, including minimum/maximum checks, in a similar process used for Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program eddy correlation (ECOR) data. **Uncertainty** The uncertainties of the basic sonic anemometer measurements are taken to be the accuracy of the individual measurements as specified by the instrument manufacturer. Based on historical experience with this measurement technique, flux measurement uncertainty is +/- 10 percent, although the uncertainty can be much greater during stable atmospheric conditions when turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients are small and advection from beyond the normal fetch can occur. In particular, the Physics Site-12 tower's sonic anemometer measurements can have greater uncertainty when the wind blows through the tower structure. **Constraints** During stable atmospheric conditions, turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients often are small, approaching or exceeding the measurement resolution of sonic anemometers. Under these conditions, advection from beyond the normal fetch also can occur, making interpretation of the fluxes difficult. Notably, the Physics Site-12 tower sonic anemometer measurements can be affected when the wind blows through the tower structure. Some unusual biases in the vertical velocities measured at the Physics Site-12 tower with west wind conditions also have not been adequately explained.

**Overview** Measurements of surface sensible heat flux, momentum flux, wind components, and virtual temperature. **Data Details** * X (column 1) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward north. * Y (column 2) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward east. * Z (column 3) is a component of wind cm/s plus up. * T (column 4) is sonic virtual temperature in degrees C*100. * hh:mm:ss is data collection time in UTC. **Data Quality** The Argonne National Laboratory sonic anemometer measurements are visually inspected weekly for data outliers or instrument problems. The final dataset sent to the DAP will have all outliers or problematic data removed using automated and visual processes, including minimum/maximum checks, in a similar process used for Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program eddy correlation (ECOR) data. **Uncertainty** The uncertainties of the basic sonic anemometer measurements are taken to be the accuracy of the individual measurements as specified by the instrument manufacturer. Based on historical experience with this measurement technique, flux measurement uncertainty is +/- 10 percent, although the uncertainty can be much greater during stable atmospheric conditions when turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients are small and advection from beyond the normal fetch can occur. In particular, the Physics Site-12 tower's sonic anemometer measurements can have greater uncertainty when the wind blows through the tower structure. **Constraints** During stable atmospheric conditions, turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients often are small, approaching or exceeding the measurement resolution of sonic anemometers. Under these conditions, advection from beyond the normal fetch also can occur, making interpretation of the fluxes difficult. Notably, the Physics Site-12 tower sonic anemometer measurements can be affected when the wind blows through the tower structure. Some unusual biases in the vertical velocities measured at the Physics Site-12 tower with west wind conditions also have not been adequately explained.