Surficial Aquifer Texture Map was prepared from the Surficial Materials Map of Connecticut (Stone, J.R., Schafer, J.P., London, E.H. and Thompson, W.B., 1992, U.S. Geological Survey special map, 2 sheets, scale 1:125,000) to describe unconsolidated areas of the subsurface with similar properties relative to ground water flow. Surficial aquifers are unconsolidated geologic deposits capable of yielding a sufficient quantity of groundwater to wells. Surficial aquifer textures were identified from original surficial materials mapping for use in ground water applications. These are qualitative interpretations of material properties relative to ground water flow. Surficial aquifer texture groups were identified to represent aquifer textures with similar hydraulic conductivities. Some interpretations were made beneath postglacial alluvium and swamp deposits. Alluvium without a subsurface interpretation was classified as having similar hydrologic properties as till. Alluvium areas with subsurface interpretations of fines or coarse grained deposits were classified as having the hydrologic characteristics of the underlying deposits. The aquifer textures include areas of till, fine grained, fine overlying coarse grained, coarse grained, coarse overlying fine grained deposits, artificial fill, beach, salt marsh, swamp, and water. Aquifer texture groups include areas of fine grained , fine overlying coarse grained, coarse grained, and coarse overlying fine grained deposits. Surficial materials not included in the surficial aquifer texture groups include till, artificial fill, beach, salt marsh, swamp, and water. All textural terms follow the grain size classification of Stone et al 1992, modified from Wentworth, 1922. The surficial aquifer texture classifications are suitable for use at 1:24,000 scale. Original mapping of the Surficial Materials Map of Connecticut is preserved as polygon attribute values in this data layer, and is herein described. The Surficial Materials Map of Connecticut portrays the glacial and postglacial deposits of Connecticut in terms of their aerial extent and subsurface textural relationships. Glacial Ice-Laid Deposits (thin till, thick till, end moraine deposits) and Postglacial Deposits (alluvium, swamp deposits, marsh deposits, beach deposits, talus, and artificial fill) are differentiated from Glacial Meltwater Deposits. The meltwater deposits are further characterized using four texturally-based map units (g = gravel, sg = sand and gravel, s = sand, and f = fines). In many places a single map unit (e.g. sand) is sufficient to describe the entire meltwater section. Where more complex stratigraphic relationships exist, "stacked" map units are used to characterize the subsurface (e.g. sg/s/f - sand and gravel overlying sand overlying fines). Where postglacial deposits overlie meltwater deposits, this relationship is also described (e.g. alluvium overlying sand). Map unit definitions (Surficial Materials Polygon Code definitions, found in the metadata) provide a short description of the inferred depositional environment for each of the glacial meltwater map units. This map was compiled at 1:24,000 scale, and published at 1:125,000 scale. Connecticut Surficial Materials is a 1:24,000-scale, polygon and line feature-based layer describing the unconsolidated glacial and postglacial deposits of Connecticut in terms of their grain-size distribution (texture) as compiled at 1:24,000 scale for the Surficial Materials Map of Connecticut. Glacial meltwater deposits (stratified deposits) are particularly emphasized because these sediments are the major groundwater aquifers in the State and are also the major source of construction aggregate. These deposits are described in terms of their subsurface distribution of textures as well as their extent. The texture of meltwater deposits through their total vertical thickness in the subsurface is shown to the extent that it is known or can be inferred. In some places o

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This dataset includes "smoothing points" used in the creation of the Jamestown hydrogeologic framework. Smoothing points were manually added and were used to enhance interpolated layers using geologic assumptions and include: valley edge points, centerline bedrock points, and upland bedrock SSURGO points.

This dataset includes "smoothing points" used in the creation of the Jamestown hydrogeologic framework. Smoothing points were manually added and were used to enhance interpolated layers using geologic assumptions and include: valley edge points, centerline bedrock points, and upland bedrock SSURGO points.

This dataset includes "smoothing points" used in the creation of the Jamestown hydrogeologic framework. Smoothing points were manually added and were used to enhance interpolated layers using geologic assumptions and include: valley edge points, centerline bedrock points, and upland bedrock SSURGO points.

Connecticut Quaternary Geology Geologic Basin Divides includes the drainage basins divides appearing on Sheet 1 of the The Quaternary Geologic Map of Connecticut and Long Island Sound Basin (Stone and others, 2005) The Connecticut Quaternary Geology digital spatial data combines the information portrayed on the on-land portion of the Quaternary Geologic Map of Connecticut and Long Island Sound Basin (Stone and others 2005) with the information portrayed on its sister map, the Surficial Materials Map of Connecticut (Stone and others, 1992). When used together, these maps provide a three dimensional context for understanding and predicting the internal composition, resource potential and hydrologic character of Connecticut's glacial and postglacial deposits. Both were compiled at 1:24,000 scale, and published at 1:125,000 scale. The Quaternary Geologic Map of Connecticut and Long Island Sound Basin (Stone and others, 2005) portrays the glacial and postglacial deposits of Connecticut (including Long Island Sound) with an emphasis on where and how they were emplaced. Glacial Ice-Laid Deposits (thin till, thick till, and deposits of individual end moraines), Early Postglacial Deposits (Late Wisconsinan to Early Holocene stream terrace and inland dune deposits) and Holocene Postglacial Deposits (alluvium, swamp deposits, marsh deposits, beach and dune deposits, talus, and artificial fill) are differentiated from Glacial Meltwater Deposits. This mapping is based on the concept of systematic northward retreat of the Late Wisconsinan glacier. Meltwater deposits are divided into six depositional system categories (Deposits of Major Ice-Dammed Lakes, Deposits of Major Sediment-Dammed Lakes, Deposits of Related Series of Ice-Dammed Ponds, Deposits of Related Series of Sediment-Dammed Ponds, Deposits of Proximal Meltwater Streams, and Deposits of Distal Meltwater Streams) based on the arrangement and character of the groupings of sedimentary facies (morphosequences). The Surficial Materials Map of Connecticut (Stone and others, 1992) portrays the glacial and postglacial deposits of Connecticut in terms of their aerial extent and subsurface textural relationships. Glacial Ice-Laid Deposits (thin till, thick till, end moraine deposits) and Postglacial Deposits (alluvium, swamp deposits, marsh deposits, beach deposits, talus, and artificial fill) are differentiated from Glacial Meltwater Deposits. The meltwater deposits are further characterized using four texturally-based map units (g = gravel, sg = sand and gravel, s = sand, and f = fines). In many places a single map unit (e.g. sand) is sufficient to describe the entire meltwater section. Where more complex stratigraphic relationships exist, "stacked" map units are used to characterize the subsurface (e.g. sg/s/f - sand and gravel overlying sand overlying fines). Where postglacial deposits overlie meltwater deposits, this relationship is also described (e.g. alluvium overlying sand). Map unit definitions (Surficial Materials Polygon Code definitions, found in the metadata) provide a short description of the inferred depositional environment for each of the glacial meltwater map units. The geologic contacts between till and meltwater deposits coincide on both the Quaternary and Surficial Materials maps, as do the boundaries of polygons that define areas of thick till, alluvium, swamp deposits, marsh deposits, beach and dune deposits, talus, and artificial fill. Within the meltwater deposits, a Quaternary map unit (deposit) may contain several Surficial Materials textural units (akin to facies within a delta, for example). Combining the textural and vertical stacking information from the Surficial Materials map with the orderly portrayal of morphosequence relationships, up and down valley, that can be gleaned from the Quaternary map provides a three dimensional predictive context for relating the geologic setting of Connecticut's glacial meltwater deposits to their behavior as aquifers and/o

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Lewis and Clark Natural Resources District (NRD), Lower Elkhorn NRD, Lower Loup NRD, Lower Platte North NRD, Lower Niobrara NRD, Middle Niobrara NRD, Upper Elkhorn NRD, and Upper Loup NRD, have agreed to cooperatively study water resources from prior to the beginning of irrigation development to 2005 in the Elkhorn-Loup Model (ELM) area using a ground-water-flow model. The ELM area covers approximately 30,800 square miles, and extends from the Niobrara River in the north to the Platte River in the south. The western boundary of the ELM area coincides with the western boundary of the Middle Niobrara, Twin Platte, and Upper Loup NRDs; the eastern boundary coincides with the approximate location of the westernmost extent of glacial till in eastern Nebraska. The initial ground-water-flow model was constructed with a single layer vertically to represent the aquifers of the Tertiary-age Ogallala Group and Quaternary-age alluvial deposits, with a uniform node spacing of 2 miles. The model will be calibrated to measured ground-water levels and estimated ground-water discharge to streams for the pre-ground-water development period (approximately 1940) and the simulation of the 1940-2005 period will be calibrated to measure ground-water level changes. The study results will assist Nebraska Department of Natural Resources and the NRDs in the ELM area to develop long-term strategies for managing hydrologically connected waters. This dataset is one of three geospatial datasets that together revise previously published maps of the configuration of the base of the principal aquifer and of the geologic units that form the base of the principal aquifer in the study area; the revisions to the base-of-aquifer altitude are based on currently available or reinterpreted geologic logs of test holes and selected registered wells. The principal aquifer is the High Plains aquifer except in the northeast part of the model area, where the principal aquifer is an unnamed alluvial aquifer. This dataset identifies and delimits approximately the extent of the geologic units forming the base of the principal aquifer and the areas where the base of principal aquifer surface is not well defined. Ambiguity in the calculated base of aquifer existed wherever this calculated base-of-aquifer altitude was above the mapped land surface. The calculated base of aquifer was above the mapped land surface either because of inaccuracy in the mapped land surface or base of aquifer calculation or because the principal aquifer was thin or not present.

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Lewis and Clark Natural Resources District (NRD), Lower Elkhorn NRD, Lower Loup NRD, Lower Platte North NRD, Lower Niobrara NRD, Middle Niobrara NRD, Upper Elkhorn NRD, and Upper Loup NRD, have agreed to cooperatively study water resources from prior to the beginning of irrigation development to 2005 in the Elkhorn-Loup Model (ELM) area using a ground-water-flow model. The ELM area covers approximately 30,800 square miles, and extends from the Niobrara River in the north to the Platte River in the south. The western boundary of the ELM area coincides with the western boundary of the Middle Niobrara, Twin Platte, and Upper Loup NRDs; the eastern boundary coincides with the approximate location of the westernmost extent of glacial till in eastern Nebraska. The initial ground-water-flow model was constructed with a single layer vertically to represent the aquifers of the Tertiary-age Ogallala Group and Quaternary-age alluvial deposits, with a uniform node spacing of 2 miles. The model will be calibrated to measured ground-water levels and estimated ground-water discharge to streams for the pre-ground-water development period (approximately 1940) and the simulation of the 1940-2005 period will be calibrated to measure ground-water level changes. The study results will assist Nebraska Department of Natural Resources and the NRDs in the ELM area to develop long-term strategies for managing hydrologically connected waters. This dataset is one of three geospatial datasets that together revise previously published maps of the configuration of the base of the principal aquifer and of the geologic units that form the base of the principal aquifer in the study area; the revisions to the base-of-aquifer altitude are based on currently available or reinterpreted geologic logs of test holes and selected registered wells. The principal aquifer is the High Plains aquifer except in the northeast part of the model area, where the principal aquifer is an unnamed alluvial aquifer. This dataset identifies and delimits approximately the extent of the geologic units forming the base of the principal aquifer and the areas where the base of principal aquifer surface is not well defined. Ambiguity in the calculated base of aquifer existed wherever this calculated base-of-aquifer altitude was above the mapped land surface. The calculated base of aquifer was above the mapped land surface either because of inaccuracy in the mapped land surface or base of aquifer calculation or because the principal aquifer was thin or not present.

Maps at a scale of 1:24,000 are used to identify surficial geologic materials and resources, to identify and evaluate physical hazards, and to evaluate groundwater resources. Digital data from VG2020-1 Wright, S., 2020-1, Surficial geology and groundwater hydrology of the Stowe 7.5 minute quadrangle, Vermont: Vermont Geological Survey Open File Report VG2020-1, scale 1:24,000. Data may include surficial geologic contacts, isopach contours lines, bedrock outcrop polygons, bedrock geologic contacts, hydrogeologic units and more. The surficial geologic materials data at a scale of 1:24,000 depict types of unconsolidated surficial and glacial materials overlying bedrock in Vermont. Data is created by mapping on the ground using standard geologic pace and compass techniques and/or GPS on a LiDAR or USGS 1:24000 topographic base map. The materials data is selected from the Vermont Geological Survey Open File Report (OFR) publication (http://dec.vermont.gov/geological-survey/publication-gis/ofr). The OFR contains more complete descriptions of map units, cross-sections, isopach maps and other information that may not be included in this digital data set.