Data on approximately 2 million births occurring in NJ, OH, and PA from 2000 - 2005. Linked to PM2.5 and ozone concentration estimates from EPA CMAQ fused model. This dataset is not publicly accessible because: EPA cannot release personally identifiable information regarding living individuals, according to the Privacy Act and the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). This dataset contains information about human research subjects. Because there is potential to identify individual participants and disclose personal information, either alone or in combination with other datasets, individual level data are not appropriate to post for public access. Restricted access may be granted to authorized persons by contacting the party listed. It can be accessed through the following means: Birth data can be acquired through application to the state health statistics departments of NJ, OH, and PA. Contact author for code. rappazzo.kristen@epa.gov. Format: No data included. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Rappazzo, K., D. Lobdell, L. Messer, C. Poole, and J. Daniels. Comparison of gestational dating methods and implications for exposure-outcome associations: an example with PM2.5 and preterm birth. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, USA, 74(2): 138-143, (2017).

Linked respiratory prescriptions for children, along with information on birth and MSA of birth, and smoke days assigned through pregnancy. This dataset is not publicly accessible because: EPA cannot release personally identifiable information regarding living individuals, according to the Privacy Act and the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). This dataset contains information about human research subjects. Because there is potential to identify individual participants and disclose personal information, either alone or in combination with other datasets, individual level data are not appropriate to post for public access. Restricted access may be granted to authorized persons by contacting the party listed. It can be accessed through the following means: Access to underlying health data may be purchased through MarketScan. Smoke data (Hazard Mapping System) is available through NOAA. Format: Data is in csv and R dataset formats. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Jardel, H., K. Rappazzo, T. Luben, C. Keeler, B. Staley, C. Ward-Caviness, C. O'Lenick, M. Rebuli, Y. Xi, M. Hernandez, A. Chelminski, i. jaspers, A. Rappold, and R. Dhingra. Gestational and postnatal exposure to wildfire smoke and prolonged use of respiratory medications in early life. Environmental Research: Health. IOP Publishing, BRISTOL, UK, 2: 045004, (2024).

Data dictionary and code files associated with analysis of air pollution and dietary factor interactions with preterm birth. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Jardel, H., C. Martin, C. Hoyo, and K. Rappazzo. Interplay of gestational parent exposure to ambient air pollution and diet characteristics on preterm birth. BMC PUBLIC HEALTH. BioMed Central Ltd, London, UK, 23: 822, (2023).

We conducted an unmatched case-control study of 5,992 infant mortality cases and 60,000 randomly selected controls from a North Carolina Birth Cohort (2003-2015). PM2.5 during critical exposure periods (trimesters, pregnancy, first month alive) were estimated using residential address and a national spatiotemporal model at census block centroid. Here we describe data sources for outcome (i.e., infant mortality) and exposure (i.e., PM2.5) data. This dataset is not publicly accessible because: EPA cannot release personally identifiable information regarding living individuals, according to the Privacy Act and the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). This dataset contains information about human research subjects. Because there is potential to identify individual participants and disclose personal information, either alone or in combination with other datasets, individual level data are not appropriate to post for public access. Restricted access may be granted to authorized persons by contacting the party listed. It can be accessed through the following means: The North Carolina Birth Cohort data are not publicly available as it contains personal identifiable information. Data may be requested through the NCDHHS, Division of Public Health with proper approvals. Air pollutant concentrations for PM2.5 from the national spatiotemporal model are available upon request and may require a processing fee. Air monitoring data questions can be directed to Ms. Amanda Gassett at the University of Washington. Format: Birth certificate data from the State Center for Health Statistics of the NC Department of Health and Human Services linked with data from the Birth Defects Monitoring Program (NC BDMP) to create a birth cohort of all infants born in NC between 2003-2015. The NC BDMP is an active surveillance system that follows NC births to obtain birth defect diagnoses up to 1 year after the date of birth as well as identify infant deaths during the first year of life and include relevant information from the death certificate. A national spatiotemporal model provided data on predicted PM2.5 concentrations over critical prenatal and postnatal time periods. The prediction model used data from research and regulatory monitors as well as a large (>200) array of geographic covariates to create fine scale spatial and temporal predictions. The model has a cross-validated R2 of 0.89 for PM2.5. Concentrations were predicted for every 2 weeks in the study period at the centroid of each 2010 census block in NC. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Jampel, S., J. Kaufman, D. Enquobahrie, A. Wilkie, A. Gassett, and T. Luben. Association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and infant mortality in a North Carolina Birth Cohort (2003-2015). Environmental Epidemiology. Wolters Kluwer, Alphen aan den Rijn, NETHERLANDS, 8(6): e350, (2024).

EPA Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) source profile results for fine and coarse particulate matter. Inorganic fine and coarse particulate matter concentration data used in PMF models. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Khatri, S.B., C. Newman, J.P. Hammel, T. Dey, J.J. Van Laere, K.A. Ross, T. Anderson, S. Mukerjee, L. Smith, M. Landis, A. Holstein, and G. Norris. Associations of Air Pollution and Pediatric Asthma in Cleveland, Ohio. The Scientific World Journal. Hindawi Publishing Corporation, New York, NY, USA, 2021: 8881390, (2021).

Metadata supporting Wallis et al. 2024 in Environment International. This dataset is not publicly accessible because: EPA cannot release personally identifiable information regarding living individuals, according to the Privacy Act and the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). This dataset contains information about human research subjects. Because there is potential to identify individual participants and disclose personal information, either alone or in combination with other datasets, individual level data are not appropriate to post for public access. Restricted access may be granted to authorized persons by contacting the party listed. It can be accessed through the following means: Data from the National Children's Study must be accessed through the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development's Data and Specimen Hub (DASH) at https://dash.nichd.nih.gov/. Format: Participant demographic, lifestyle, residence, occupational, and other types of data from questionnaire and observational survey instruments are in .csv and .xlsx files. PFAS measurements in serum and house dust in .csv files. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Wallis, D., K. Miller, N. Deluca, K. Thomas, C. Fuller, J. McCord, E. Cohen-Hubal, and J. Minucci. Understanding prenatal household exposures to per- and polyfluorylalkyl substances using paired Biological and dust measurements with sociodemographic and housing variables. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL. Elsevier B.V., Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS, 194(December): 109157, (2024).

This data contains linked birth registry information with greenery metrics in North Carolina. This dataset is not publicly accessible because: EPA cannot release personally identifiable information regarding living individuals, according to the Privacy Act and the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). This dataset contains information about human research subjects. Because there is potential to identify individual participants and disclose personal information, either alone or in combination with other datasets, individual level data are not appropriate to post for public access. Restricted access may be granted to authorized persons by contacting the party listed. It can be accessed through the following means: Birth records can be requested through the NC State Health Department. Greenery meterics can be downloaded through EPA's EnviroAtlas. Format: Datasets are in csvs, R and SAS formats. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Tsai, W., T. Luben, and K. Rappazzo. Associations between neighborhood greenery and birth outcomes in a North Carolina cohort. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology. Nature Publishing Group, London, UK, 35(5): 821-830, (2025).

This dataset provides modeled predictions of PM2.5 levels from the EPA's Downscaler model. Data are at the census tract level for 2001-2005. These data are used by the CDC's National Environmental Public Health Tracking Network to generate air quality measures. Census tract-level datasets contain estimates of the mean predicted concentration and associated standard error. Please refer to the metadata attachment for more information. Learn more about outdoor air quality on the Tracking Network's website: https://ephtracking.cdc.gov/showAirLanding.action. By using these data, you signify your agreement to comply with the following requirements: 1. Use the data for statistical reporting and analysis only. 2. Do not attempt to learn the identity of any person included in the data and do not combine these data with other data for the purpose of matching records to identify individuals. 3. Do not disclose of or make use of the identity of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently and report the discovery to: trackingsupport@cdc.gov. 4. Do not imply or state, either in written or oral form, that interpretations based on the data are those of the original data sources and CDC unless the data user and data source are formally collaborating. 5. Acknowledge, in all reports or presentations based on these data, the original source of the data and CDC. 6. Suggested citation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Environmental Public Health Tracking Network. Web. Accessed: insert date. www.cdc.gov/ephtracking.

This dataset provides modeled predictions of PM2.5 levels from the EPA's Downscaler model. Data are at the census tract level for 2006-2010. These data are used by the CDC's National Environmental Public Health Tracking Network to generate air quality measures. Census tract-level datasets contain estimates of the mean predicted concentration and associated standard error. Please refer to the metadata attachment for more information. Learn more about outdoor air quality on the Tracking Network's website: https://ephtracking.cdc.gov/showAirLanding.action. By using these data, you signify your agreement to comply with the following requirements: 1. Use the data for statistical reporting and analysis only. 2. Do not attempt to learn the identity of any person included in the data and do not combine these data with other data for the purpose of matching records to identify individuals. 3. Do not disclose of or make use of the identity of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently and report the discovery to: trackingsupport@cdc.gov. 4. Do not imply or state, either in written or oral form, that interpretations based on the data are those of the original data sources and CDC unless the data user and data source are formally collaborating. 5. Acknowledge, in all reports or presentations based on these data, the original source of the data and CDC. 6. Suggested citation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Environmental Public Health Tracking Network. Web. Accessed: insert date. www.cdc.gov/ephtracking.

We conducted a systematic review/meta-analysis for epidemiologic evidence of the association between long-term criteria air pollution (nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), coarse particulate matter (PM10), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO)) exposure and all-cause, respiratory, and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) infant mortality. This dataset is associated with the following publications: Wilkie, A., A. Krajewski, F. Njie, K. Park, S. Zelasky, K. Rappazzo, and T. Luben. Long-term exposure to criteria air pollutants and infant mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. Elsevier B.V., Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS, 267: 114587, (2025). Luben, T., A. Wilkie, A. Krajewski, F. Njie, K. Park, S. Zelasky, and K. Rappazzo. Systematic Review of Short-term Air Pollution Exposure and Infant Mortality. Presented at International Society for Environmental Epidemiology (ISEE) - North American Chapter, Corvallis, OR, USA, 06/19/2023 - 06/22/2023.