Excess Winter Deaths (EWD) by age and conditions (underlying cause of death) expressed as average per year based on 7 years pooled data, 2004-2011. EWD trend expressed as average per year based on 3 years data. The Excess Winter Mortality Index (EWM Index was calculated based on the 'ONS Method' which defines the winter period as December to March, and the non-winter period as August to November of that same year and April to July of the following year. This winter period was selected as they are the months which over the last 50 years have displayed above average monthly mortality. However, if mortality starts to increase prior to this, for example in November, the number of deaths in the non-winter period will increase, which in turn will decrease the estimate of excess winter mortality. The EWM Index will be partly dependent on the proportion of older people in the population as most excess winter deaths effect older people (there is no standardisation in this calculation by age or any other factor). Excess winter mortality is calculated as winter deaths (deaths occurring in December to March) minus the average of non-winter deaths (April to July of the current year and August to November of the previous year). The Excess winter mortality index is calculated as excess winter deaths divided by the average non-winter deaths, expressed as a percentage. Relevant link: http://www.wmpho.org.uk/excesswinterdeathsinEnglandatlas/

These ward level well being scores present a combined measure of well-being indicators of the resident population based on 12 different indicators. Where possible each indicator score is compared with the England and Wales average, which is zero. Scores over 0 indicate a higher probability that the population on average will experience better well-being according to these measures. Users can adjust the weight of each indicator depending on what they consider to be the more or less important, thus generating bespoke scores. This is done either by entering a number between 0 and 10. The scores throughout the spreadsheet will update automatically. The tool combines data across a range of themes for the last five years of available data (2009-2013). Either view the results in the online interactive tool here, Or download the interactive spreadsheet here The well-being scores are then presented in a ranked bar chart for each borough, and a ward map of London. The spreadsheet also highlights wards in the top and bottom 25 per cent in London. Wards that have shown significant improvement or reduction in their scores relative to the average over the five year period are also highlighted. Borough figures are provided to assist with comparisons. Rankings and summary tables are included. The source data that the tool is based on is included in the spreadsheet. The Excel file is 8.1MB. IMPORTANT NOTE, users must enable macros when prompted upon opening the Excel spreadsheet (or reset security to medium/low) for the map to function. The rest of the tool will function without macros. If you cannot download the Excel file directly try this zip file (2.6MB). If you experience any difficulties with downloading this spreadsheet, please contact the London Datastore in the Intelligence Unit. Detailed information about definitions and sources is contained within the spreadsheet. The 12 measures included are: Health - Life Expectancy - Childhood Obesity - Incapacity Benefits claimant rate Economic security - Unemployment rate Safety - Crime rate - Deliberate Fires Education - GCSE point scores Children - Unauthorised Pupil Absence Families - Children in out-of-work households Transport - Public Transport Accessibility Scores (PTALs) Environment - Access to public open space & nature Happiness - Composite Subjective Well-being Score (Life Satisfaction, Worthwhileness, Anxiety, and Happiness) (New data only available since 2011/12) With some measures if the data shows a high figure that indicates better well-being, and with other measures a low figure indicates better well-being. Therefore scores for Life Expectancy, GCSE scores, PTALs, and Access to Public Open Space/Nature have been reversed so that in all measures low scores indicate probable lower well-being. The data has been turned into scores where each indicator in each year has a standard deviation of 10. This means that each indicator will have an equal effect on the final score when the weightings are set to equal. Why should measuring well-being be important to policy makers? Following research by the Cabinet Office and Office for National Statistics, the government is aiming to develop policy that is more focused on ‘all those things that make life worthwhile’ (David Cameron, November 2010). They are interested in developing new and better ways to understand how policy and public services affect well-being. Why measure well-being for local areas? It is important for London policy makers to consider well-being at a local level (smaller than borough level) because of the often huge differences within boroughs. Local authorities rely on small area data in order to target resources, and with local authorities currently gaining more responsibilities from government, this is of increasing importance. But small area data is also of interest to academics, independent analysts and members of the public with an interest in the subject of well-being. How can well-being be measured within small

Improving the local environment can help improve health and wellbeing. The GLA have produced a bespoke guide for each London borough highlighting how positive changes to the environment help support better health. The Better Environment, Better Health guide offers tailored information on seven important environmental factors that can impact on residents’ health. These factors are green spaces, active travel and transport, surface water flood risk, air quality, healthy food, fuel poverty and overheating. These guides are written for borough Health and Wellbeing Boards, Directors of Public Health, elected members, Regeneration and Planning Officers, Environmental Officers, Health Watch and Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs). The guides aim to influence local borough decisions and how budgets are decided and allocated. The hope is to encourage more collaborative work to reinforce London’s resilience to changes in climate and improve Londoners’ health. PDF downloads (1.6MB) Barking and Dagenham Barnet Bexley Brent Bromley Camden City of London Croydon Ealing Enfield Greenwich Hackney Hammersmith and Fulham Haringey Harrow Havering Hillingdon Hounslow Islington Kensington and Chelsea Kingston upon Thames Lambeth Lewisham Merton Newham Redbridge Richmond upon Thames Southwark Sutton Tower Hamlets Waltham Forest Wandsworth Westminster Download DATA Tables XLS (0.6MB) More information on GLA website

This comprehensive database for town centres is the Technical Annex associated with the GLA publication: “2013 Town Centre Health Check report’. The indicators for this database are categorised in the following sub-headings: ‘scale and function’, ‘capacity’, ‘financial performance’, ‘accessibility’, ‘town centre initiatives’, ‘accidents and security’ and ‘environment’. Further details of the health check indicators including data sources can be found in Annex 2 of the associated report. The data is provided for 217 town centres identified in the London Plan (2011), coupled with some neighbourhood and more local centres. The majority of the data are sourced from Experian GOAD but for some centres for which GOAD coverage was poor we used borough data. So care has to be used on both time series and comparisons between centres. Relevant link: https://www.london.gov.uk/priorities/planning/publications/2013-london-town-centre-check

Estimates of personal well-being from the Annual Population Survey (APS) Well-being dataset. Data shows life satisfaction, how worthwhile people feel, whether people were happy yesterday, and how anxious people were yesterday. Subjective personal well-being average scores by borough and region, covering life satisfaction, happiness, worthwhileness and anxiety. For more information visit the well-being pages of the ONS website. This dataset is included in the Greater London Authority's Night Time Observatory. Click here to find out more.

Life expectancy at birth and age 65 by sex. Data for 2000-2002 to 2008-2010 revised on 24 July 2013. Local authorities based on boundaries as of 2010. England and Wales figures - non-resident deaths included. Figures given for 3 combined years to increase reliability at local levels. UK data: http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/subnational-health4/life-expec-at-birth-age-65/index.html Download more from ONS website

Daytime population - The estimated number of people in a borough in the daytime during an average day, broken down by component sub-groups. The figures given are an average day during school term-time. No account has been made for seasonal variations, or for people who are usually in London (resident, at school or working), but are away visiting another place. Sources include the Business Register and Employment Survey (BRES) (available under license), Annual Population Survey (APS), 2011 Census, Department for Education (DfE), International Passenger Survey (IPS), GB Tourism Survey (GBTS), Great Britain Day Visit Survey (GBDVS), GLA Population Projections, and GLA Economics estimates (GLAE). The figures published in these sources have been used exactly as they appear - no further adjustments have been made to account for possible sampling errors or questionnaire design flaws. Day trip visitors are defined as those on day trips away from home for three hours or more and not undertaking activities that would regularly constitute part of their work or would be a regular leisure activity. International visitors – people from a country other than the UK visiting the location; Domestic overnight tourists – people from other parts of the UK staying in the location for at least one night. All visitor data is modelled and unrounded. This edition was released on 7 October 2015 and replaces the previous estimates for 2013. GLA resident population, 2011 Census resident population, and 2011 Census workday populations (by sex) included for comparison. See a visualisation of this data using Tableau. For more workday population data by age use the Custom Age-Range Tool for Census 2011 Workday population , or download data for a range of geographical levels from NOMIS.