This dataset includes a regional map of mangrove extent for Myanmar, Thailand, and Cambodia for the period of 1972-1977. The map was developed from Landsat 1-2 MSS Collection 1 Tier 2 imagery. Mangrove extent was generated using a Random Forest machine learning algorithm that effectively mapped a total of 15,420.51 km2 at the nominal Landsat scale of 30 m. This map of mangrove extent served as a baseline to analyze changes in mangrove distribution in Southeast Asia from 1970s through 2020. Southeast Asia is home to some of the planet's most carbon-dense and biodiverse mangrove ecosystems. There is still much uncertainty with regards to the timing and magnitude of changes in mangrove cover over the past 50 years. While there are several regional to global maps of mangrove extent in Southeast Asia for the early 21st century, data prior to the mid-1990s are limited due to the scarcity of Earth Observation (EO) data of sufficient quality and the historical limitations to publicly available EO data. The data are provided in Cloud optimized GeoTIFF format at 60-m resolution. In addition, a shapefile outlines the region of analysis.

This spatial polygon dataset is derived from the 2001 mapping of mud crab (Scylla serrata) habitats along the NT and Queensland coastal wetlands. The polygons were derived from Landsat imagery and verified with field work and is suitable for use at scale 1:100,000. The information can be used in many ways to assist the management of these habitats. It provides a suitable baseline dataset for monitoring broad scale changes in area and composition of coastal wetland communities. Additionally, it provides information required by managers for choosing representative habitats for protection.

Habitat maps were created as part of a larger ecological assessment conducted by NOAA's National Ocean Service (NOS), Biogeography Program, for Salt River Bay National Historic Park and Ecological Preserve (National Park Service). Aerial photographs were obtained for 1988 from the National Geodetic Survey, and were orthorectified by the Biogeography Program. A classification scheme was set up with 20 benthic habitat types, 19 land cover types, and 13 mangrove habitat types. For this map of seagrass and mangrove habitats during 1988 only the 3 seagrass, and 14 mangrove classification categories were used. These were mapped directly into a GIS system through visual interpretation of orthorectified aerial photographs.

A hierarchical vegetation classification model (10 m resolution) was developed for southwest Florida wetlands using a fusion of multispectral and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) remotely sensed imagery. Sentinel-1 and 2 imagery were obtained from Dec 2015-Sept 2017, split into wet and dry seasons, and processed for a range of vegetation and multi-temporal indices for a total of 26 predictor layers. Training datasets included polygons developed from field surveys and high resolution imagery collected from 2010 - 2018. The domain was first split into estuarine and interior wetlands, then an open water, forest, or grassland model (high level) was developed for each wetland type. Finally, classification model that included species and community-level classes (fine level) was created. Mean overall accuracy was 0.90 and 0.80 for the high and low level models, respectively.

Coverage showing the distribution of seagrass, mangrove and saltmarsh Botany Bay derived from recent aerial photographs. Aerial photographs from 1995 at 1:16 000 scale were used to map mangrove, saltmarsh and seagrass in Botany Bay. Vegetation boundaries were digitised from images created by scanning and rubbersheeting the photographs with ground control points and were checked by field surveys undertaken in June and July 1998. The area of each vegetation type was calculated in IDRISI GIS software and recently transferred to ERDAS IMAGINE format. AMG coordinates obtained from a +/-1m DGPS and 1:10 000 orthophotomaps were used to resample classified images to a 2m grid with RMS errors of between 2.55 and 5.37 for individual images. Vegetation boundaries were identified on aerial photographs and the boundaries were confirmed in the field and the species identification checked. Families or in some case species of vegetation were mapped in the following categories: Zostera capricorni, Sparse Zostera, Posidonia australis, Mixed Posidonia (indicating presence of P. australis and Z. capricorni and/or Halophila spp.), Mixed Halophila (indicating presence of Halophila spp and Z. capricorni and/or P. australis which occurs on the southern shore only.) saltmarsh (all species combined), mangroves (all species combined) and Kelp (all species combined). Kelp was mapped incidentally and does not represent the full extent of this group of aquatic plants within Botany Bay. All cells within the Grid are coded for the given attributes. Classification to species level is complete for seagrass only. Kelp was mapped incidentally and does not represent the full extent of this group of aquatic plants within Botany Bay. Similar data was collected and mapped in 1985 in nondigital format and published in West, R.J., Thorogood, C.A. Walford, T.R. and Williams, R.J. (1985) An estuarine inventory for New South Wales, Australia. N.S.W. Department of Agriculture, Fisheries Bulletin No. 2, 140 pp. VIS_ID 4133

Habitat maps were created as part of a larger ecological assessment conducted by NOAA's National Ocean Service (NOS), Biogeography Program, for Salt River Bay National Historic Park and Ecological Preserve (National Park Service). Aerial photographs were obtained for 2000 from the National Geodetic Survey, and were orthorectified by the Biogeography Program. A classification scheme was set up with 20 benthic habitat types, 19 land cover types, and 13 mangrove habitat types. For this map of seagrass and mangrove habitats during 1992 only the 3 seagrass, and 14 mangrove classification categories were used. These were mapped directly into a GIS system through visual interpretation of orthorectified aerial photographs.

Apart from two 100 m test plots, mangrove restoration activities were conducted between 1997 and 2001. Each year, thousands of red mangrove propagules were planted in three large rectangular plots on the western side of Sugar Bay. In addition to those large plots, a fringe planting of propagules was conducted along much of the eastern shore of Sugar Bay. A small zone of black mangroves was also planted in 2001 although less than 1% survived long term. Detailed methods of restoration activities are available in Riley and Kent 1999 and SEA 2004. Restoration mangroves were not visible in the 2000 imagery due to the small size of individual seedlings. These plots were therefore delineated with the aid of GPS waypoints acquired by walking or kayaking around the perimeter of each plot. GPS positions were used as a guide to digitize the boundaries of the restoration areas and the results are presented.

This record details the mapping of marine 'landforms' (geomorphic features), 'substrate type', and 'ecosystems' classified using multibeam echosounder and marine LiDAR data for the Commonwealth Solitary Islands Marine Park (SIMP) during 2022-23. Mapping was conducted using multibeam echosounder (MBES), towed-video and sediment surveys. A bathymetry mosaic was generated using data sourced from the NSW DCCEEW bathymetry mosaic (https://datasets.seed.nsw.gov.au/dataset/aa8f268e-a23d-4d27-b046-f60c45f8349b), updated with MBES data collected within SIMP in 2023. Coupled with sediment sampling and towed video surveys, the data was used to: 1) ground-truth the MBES data, 2) map the extent and characterise the diversity of unconsolidated seabed types; and, 3) map the extent of rocky reefs and characterise sessile invertebrate diversity within these reef-dominated areas. Seabed ‘landforms’ were derived from the bathymetry mosaic using the Seabed Landforms Classification Toolbox (Linklater et al. 2023). Landform features were subsequently grouped into 'hard' and 'soft' features according to the Seamap Australia National Benthic Habitat Classification Scheme (Lucieer et al. 2019), and additionally labelled with depth zonation to conform to the NESP Natural Values Common Language (Hayes et al. 2021). This package contains a synthesised seabed classification dataset, with three additional contextual datasets: • ‘SIMP_SeabedClassified’ defines seabed landforms, and reef and sediment areas delineated by depth intervals (10 m increments) classified according to the Parks Australia Natural Values Ecosystems and Seamap Australia Substratum component. See also https://datasets.seed.nsw.gov.au/dataset/f0e83f61-3790-4707-8dfe-2e505fbf3fd3 • ‘SIMP_BathyMosaicSources’ outlines the source coverages of the input bathymetric mosaic (also appended to the synthesised seabed classification dataset described above). See https://dx.doi.org/10.26186/149091 for access to bathymetry and backscatter survey data. • 'SIMP_TowedVideoSubClass' provides point classifications of the primary seabed substrate from still images derived from towed videos. See https://squidle.org/geodata/explore#map for annotated imagery. • 'SIMP_Sediments_Metadata' provides the location and associated metadata of sediment grabs. See https://pid.geoscience.gov.au/dataset/ga/69869 for access to the analysed sediment data in the MARS database. The 'Lineage' section of this record provides full methodology and a data dictionary. Surveys were funded by Parks Australia's Director of Marine Parks (Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water) and completed under contract to the New South Wales Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water. See Final Project Report: https://australianmarineparks.gov.au/static/734c97e56886d93a15c611222d227b33/amp-simp2024-report.pdf References: Lucieer, V., Barrett, N., Butler, C. et al. (2019). A seafloor habitat map for the Australian continental shelf. Sci Data 6, 120. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0126-2 Hayes, K.R., Dunstan, P., Woolley, S. et al. (2021). Designing a targeted monitoring program to support evidence based management of Australian Marine Parks: A pilot on the South-East Marine Parks Network. Report to Parks Australia and the National Environmental Science Program, Marine Biodiversity Hub. Parks Australia, University of Tasmanian and CSIRO, Hobart, Australia, https://www.nespmarine.edu.au/system/files/Hayes%20et%20al_SS2_M8_D7_M4_Designing%20a%20targeted%20monitoring%20program%20to%20support%20evidence-based%20management%20of%20AMPs.pdf. Linklater, M, Morris, B.D. and Hanslow, D.J. (2023). Classification of seabed landforms on continental and island shelves. Frontiers of Marine Science, 10, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1258556.

Habitat maps were created as part of a larger ecological assessment conducted by NOAA's National Ocean Service (NOS), Biogeography Branch, for Salt River Bay National Historic Park and Ecological Preserve (National Park Service).Aerial photographs were obtained for 1992 from the National Geodetic Survey, and were orthorectified by the Biogeography Branch. A classification scheme was set up with 20 benthic habitat types, 19 land cover types, and 13 mangrove habitat types. For this map of seagrass and mangrove habitats during 1992 only the 3 seagrass, and 14 mangrove classification categories were used. These were mapped directly into a GIS system through visual interpretation of orthorectified aerial photographs.

This shapefile is the approximate location of mangroves within the boundary of Ten Thousand Islands NWR in 2005.