Metadata record for data expected from ASAC Project 2163 See the link below for public details on this project. Records of observations of kelp rafts passing within 50 m of one side of the vessel over replicated periods of 1 hour. Data collected over subantarctic latitudes only. Records include: size, species, presence/absence of holdfast, latitude and longitude, ship speed.

This dataset is a document describing the Ctenophores of the Southern Ocean. It lists all the known species and with illustrated diagrams provides a guide to their taxonomic identification. The document is available for download as a pdf from the provided URL.

From the abstract of the referenced paper: Spring phytoplankton communities in the water column of Ellis Fjord are characterised by diatoms originating from the bottom sea-ice strand community. Upon ice break-out in early summer, these are replaced by blooms of the phytoflagellates, Phaeocystis puchetii, Cryptomonas cryophila, Pyramimonas gelidicola, silicoflagellates and dinoflagellates. The narrow entrance of the fjord and the development of summer stratification is probably limiting the availability of nutrients and containing the magnitude of the small bloom (maximum 2.8 million cells per litre).

Coral reef surveys of reef macroalgae species (including seagrasses) were undertaken between northern Ningaloo and the Dampier Archipelago. This dataset contains biomass estimates (g DW m-2 and g WW m-2) of macrophytes collected in shallow reef areas in the Pilbara region during two sampling trips: November 2013 and May 2014. Surveys were undertaken using using SCUBA at depths between 2-13m, with macroalgae and seagrasses identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level. The data include: * Macroalgae and seagrass diversity (0.25 square metre quadrats) * Macroalgae and seagrass species composition and biomass per quadrat (0.25 square metre) These data were collected to estimate macrophyte biomass in shallow reef areas across the Pilbara region in two contrasting seasons.

Metadata record for data from ASAC Project 102 See the link below for public details on this project. From the abstracts of some of the referenced papers: Six species of marine microalgae, namely Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin, Dunaliella tertiolecta Butcher, Isochrysis galbana Parke, Porphyridium purpureum (Bory) Ross, Chroomonas sp., and Oscillatoria woronichinii Anis., have been examined with respect to their gas exchange characteristics and the inorganic carbon species taken up by the cells from the bulk medium. All species showed a high affinity, in photosynthesis, for inorganic carbon and low CO2 compensation concentrations. Such data are suggestive of operation of a 'CO2-concentrating mechanism' in these microalgae. Direct measurements of internal organic carbon pools in four of the species studied confirm this (O. woronichinii and Chroomonas were not tested). By comparison of achieved photosynthetic rates with calculated rates of CO2 supply from the dehydration of bicarbonate, it was shown that Phaeodactylum, Porphyridium and Dunaliella could utilise the bicarbonate present in the medium. Data for the other species were inconclusive although the pH dependence of K 1/2CO2 for photosynthesis by Oscillatoria indicated that this species too could utilise bicarbonate. Such observations could, however, not be used as evidence that, at least in the eucaryotic algae examined, bicarbonate was the inorganic carbon species crossing the plasmalemma as Phaeodactylum, Porphyridium and Dunaliella, and Isochrysis all showed the presence of carbonic anhydrase activity in intact cells as well as in crude extracts. 'External' carbonic anhydrase activity represented from 1/4 to 1/2 of the total activity in the cells of these algae. It is concluded that, as a consequence of a CO2-concentrating mechanism, photorespiration was suppressed in the marine microalgae examined although the data obtained did not allow any firm conclusions to be drawn regarding the species of inorganic carbon transported into the cell. Analysis of the age composition of a given species within a community is fundamental to any study of population dynamics and to the subsequent analyses of community interactions such as competition, succession and productivity. A problem exists in that calendar age often provides little information on the role played by any given individual plant within a population. For many populations the most useful definition of population structure is obtained from an analysis of both the functional age and the vitality of the component plants. Data from such studies on populations of marine macroalgae are lacking mainly because of the lack of suitable methods. This paper provides a review of the methods which have ben applied to such analyses in both terrestrial and marine communities, discusses these methods in the context of marine algae and presents the results of a case study on the analysis of population structure in the large brown alga Durvillaea potatorum. Evidence is presented for the occurrence of sexual reproduction including plasmogamy and meiosis, events previously undescribed in the life history of Ascoseira mirabilis. Ascoseira is monoecious. Gametangia are formed in chains within conceptacles. Synaptonemal complexes, structures concerned with chromosome pairing in meiosis, have been observed in the nucleus of gametangial initials. Mature male and female gametes have the same size and appearance, and resemble typical brown algal zoids. Sexual interaction begins after the female gamete settles down, and both zygotes and unfused gametes develop into sporophytes. It is concluded that Ascoseira has the same basic pattern of life history that characterises the order Fucales, and it is argued that this is probably the result of convergent evolution rather than being indicative of close phylogenetic relationship. Life histories are of central importance in understanding evolution and phylogeny of brown algae. Like other hereditary

---- Public Summary from Project ---- Heard Island offers scientists a unique subantarctic laboratory for investigating climate change. We will establish a reference set of microalgal floras from lakes and lagoons and ultimately use the microalgal floras of today to investigate changes in fossil microalgal communities of Heard Island lake and lagoonal ecosystems to better understand regional subantarctic climate changes. Sediments were sampled with hand corers. Water samples were collected with a Niskin bottle. The dataset contains a summary of the locations data were sampled from, as well as average isotope concentrations from each sampling location. The fields in this dataset are: Date Location Salinity pH GPS Isotopes Concentration (ppb)

Heard Island Bibliography compiled by Evlyn Barrett, (now deceased), contains 573 records. The bibliography has not been updated since 2002, and should not be considered a complete record of publications related to Heard Island.

Benthic habitat maps for the nearshore, shallow (< 30 m) coastal waters of the island of Farallon de Pajaros in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). NOAA's National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) produced these data to support coral reef research and management. Habitat regions were digitally identified using visual interpretation of orthorectified satellite imagery with a minimum mapping unit (MMU) of approximately 1 acre. Includes biological cover types, geomorphological structure types, and geographic zones. Eighteen distinct and non-overlapping biological cover types were identified. Habitats or features that cover areas smaller than the minimal mapping unit of 1 acre were not considered. For example, uncolonized sand halos surrounding coral patch reefs are too small to be mapped independently. Cover type refers only to the predominant biological component colonizing the surface of the feature and does not address location (e.g., on the shelf or in the lagoon). The cover types are defined in a collapsible hierarchy ranging from eight major classes (live coral, seagrass, macroalgae, encrusting/coralline algae, turf algae, emergent vegetation, uncolonized, and unknown), combined with a density modifier representing the percentage of the predominant cover type (10%-<50% sparse, 50%-<90% patchy, 90%-100% continuous). Similarly, 14 distinct and non-overlapping geomorphological structure types were identified. The structure types are defined in a collapsible hierarchy ranging from four major classes (coral reef and hardbottom, unconsolidated sediment, other delineations, and unknown), to thirteen detailed classes: sand, mud, spur and groove, individual and aggregated patch reef, aggregate reef, scattered coral/rock in unconsolidated sediment, pavement, rock/boulder (volcanic and carbonate), reef rubble, pavement with sand channels, artificial, and unknown. Lastly, 13 mutually exclusive geographic zones were identified from land to open water corresponding to typical insular shelf and coral reef geomorphology. These zones include: shoreline intertidal, vertical wall (none identified), lagoon, back reef, reef flat, reef crest, fore reef, bank/shelf, bank/shelf escarpment, channel, dredged (since this condition eliminates natural geomorphology), unknown, and land. Zone refers only to each benthic community's location and does not address substrate or cover types within. For example, the lagoon zone may include patch reefs, sand, and seagrass beds; however, these are considered structural elements that may or may not occur within the lagoon zone and therefore, are not used to define it.

As part of the Pilbara Marine Conservation Partnership (PMCP), coral reef surveys of reef macroalgae species (including seagrasses) were undertaken between northern Ningaloo and the Dampier Archipelago. This dataset contains biomass estimates (g DW m-2 and g WW m-2) of macrophytes collected in shallow reef areas in the Pilbara region during two sampling trips: November 2013 and May 2014. Surveys were undertaken using using SCUBA at depths between 2-13m, with macroalgae and seagrasses identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level. The data include: * Macroalgae and seagrass diversity (0.25 square metre quadrats) * Macroalgae and seagrass species composition and biomass per quadrat (0.25 square metre) These data were collected to estimate macrophyte biomass in shallow reef areas across the Pilbara region in two contrasting seasons. These data are an output of the Pilbara Marine Conservation Partnership (PMCP) Coral Reef Health Theme.

From the abstract of one of the papers: Three new zooplankton nets have been designed to enable improved collection of zooplankters from ice-covered waters. These nets also enable quantitative sampling of species not adequately sampled by other methods. The first net is a vertical tow net which can be folded like an umbrella to pass through a small ice hole (10 cm). This 'Umbrella Net' takes an integrated sample of zooplankton from all sample depths. The second net is a collapsible free-fall net designed to collect mobile zooplankters capable of avoiding towed nets. This was the only net used which was capable of collecting all furcilia stages of Euphausia crystallorophias from Ellis Fjord, Vestfold Hills, Antarctica. The third net is a diver-operated push net designed to collect zooplankters in the top 15 cm of the under-ice column. Because of the high standing crop of pytoplankton at and near the under-ice surface at particular times of the year, some species of zooplankton tend to congregate there. These species, particularly Paralabidocera antarctica, were collected in great abundance using the push net, but were rare in samples collected by other methods. The fields in this dataset are: species species density site sample