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NASA JPL InSAR Subsidence Data (Superseded)
### This dataset has been superseded by https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/tre-altamira-insar-subsidence This dataset represents measurements of vertical ground surface displacement in Bulletin 118 groundwater basins between spring of 2015 and summer of 2017. Image resolution is 0.0008333 degrees, or approximately 92 meters in north-south direction, and 70-77 meters in east-west direction (low end of range applies to northern latitudes and higher end of range applies to lower latitudes). Vertical ground surface displacement rates are derived from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data that are collected by the European Space Agency (ESA) Sentinel-1A satellite and processed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), under contract with to the California Department of Water Resources (DWR). JPL presented preliminary processing results in the Progress Report: Subsidence in California, March 2015 – September 2016, and submitted a later version of the processing results that are still preliminary to the California Department of Water Resources (DWR). These files provided by JPL to DWR are multiband floating point GeoTIFFs with each band representing a date. GeoTIFF pixel values are in inches equal to the cumulative vertical displacement from the first date. JPL processed Sentinel-1A InSAR data separately for three different geographic regions; The Sacramento Valley, the San Joaquin Valley, and the South Central Coast. DWR temporarily interpolated the JPL data to end-of-month values, merged the resulting rasters from all three regions into a single raster for each month, and clipped all rasters to Bulletin 118 groundwater basins. DWR derived rasters for total vertical displacement relative to May 31, 2015, as well as rasters for annual vertical displacement rates, both in monthly time steps. Data are considered public domain. DWR makes no warranties or guarantees — either expressed or implied — as to the completeness, accuracy, or correctness of the data. DWR neither accepts nor assumes liability arising from or for any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading subject data. This is an official DWR Image Service, published on 2/9/2018 by Ben Brezing of the DWR Division of Statewide Integrated Water Management, who may be contacted at Benjamin.brezing@water.ca.gov or (916) 651-9291. Date of acquisition: Between Spring of 2015 and Spring of 2017. Date of production: 2017. Date of delivery of product: Delivered from NASA JPL to DWR in September of 2017. Processing steps: See Progress Report: Subsidence in California, March 2015 – September 2016, Tom G. Farr, Cathleen E. Jones, Zhen Liu, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 2016. Pixel value definitions: Vertical ground surface displacement in inches for time period specified above. Positional accuracy: See Progress Report: Subsidence in California, March 2015 – September 2016, Tom G. Farr, Cathleen E. Jones, Zhen Liu, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 2016.
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TRE ALTAMIRA InSAR Subsidence Data
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This dataset represents measurements of vertical ground surface displacement in more than 200 of the high-use and populated groundwater basins across the State of California between January of 2015 and April of 2022. Vertical displacement estimates are derived from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data that are collected by the European Space Agency (ESA) Sentinel-1A satellite and processed by TRE ALTAMIRA Inc. (TRE), under contract with the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) as part of DWR’s SGMA technical assistance to provide important SGMA-relevant data to GSAs for GSP development and implementation. Sentinel-1A InSAR data coverage began in late 2014 for parts of California, and coverage for the entire study area began in June 13, 2015. Included in this dataset are point data that represent average vertical displacement values for 100 meter by 100 meter areas, as well as GIS rasters that were interpolated from the point data; rasters for total vertical displacement relative to June 13, 2015, and rasters for annual vertical displacement rates with earlier coverage for some areas, both in monthly time steps. Towill Inc. (Towill), also under contract with DWR as part of DWR’s SGMA technical assistance, conducted an independent study comparing the InSAR-based vertical displacement point time series data to data from Continuous Global Positioning System (CGPS) stations. The goal of this study was to ground-truth the InSAR results to best available independent data. Data update frequency: Quarterly Report update frequency: Annual
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar Data Used as Subsidence Observations for Model Calibration, Central Valley, California (ver. 2.1, August 2023)
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The Central Valley, and particularly the San Joaquin Valley, has a long history of land subsidence caused by groundwater development. The extensive withdrawal of groundwater from the unconsolidated deposits of the San Joaquin Valley lowered groundwater levels and caused widespread land subsidence—reaching 9 meters by 1981. More than half of the thickness of the aquifer system is composed of fine-grained sediments, including clays, silts, and sandy or silty clays that are susceptible to compaction. In an effort to aid water managers in understanding how water moves through the aquifer system, predicting water-supply scenarios, and addressing issues related to water competition, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) developed a new hydrologic modeling tool, the Central Valley Hydrologic Model (CVHM; Faunt and others 2009). For a more detailed description of satellite-based InSAR methods, please see Sneed and others (2013; 2018). For a more detailed description of UAVSAR, please see https://uavsar.jpl.nasa.gov/education/what-is-uavsar.html. The data presented in this data release was provided by Sneed and others (2013; 2018) and will be used to facilitate updates from CVHM to CVHM2 and represent subsidence observations (measurements) using satellite and airborne Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data during 2003–2016. In the context of this report, subsidence is defined as the lowering of the land-surface elevation as a result of aquifer-system compaction and is calculated by differencing repeated elevation measurements. InSAR methods have been used to monitor land subsidence in the Central Valley and are discussed in more detail in the following sections.
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar-Derived Subsidence Contours for the West-Central San Joaquin Valley, California, 2008-10
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Extensive groundwater withdrawal from the unconsolidated deposits in the San Joaquin Valley caused widespread aquifer-system compaction and resultant land subsidence from 1926 to 1970—locally exceeding 8.5 meters. The importation of surface water beginning in the early 1950s through the Delta-Mendota Canal and in the early 1970s through the California Aqueduct resulted in decreased groundwater pumping, recovery of water levels, and a reduced rate of compaction in some areas of the San Joaquin Valley. However, drought conditions during 1976–77, 1987–92, and drought conditions and operational reductions in surface-water deliveries during 2007–10 decreased surface-water availability, causing pumping to increase, water levels to decline, and renewed compaction. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the California Department of Water Resources, assessed more recent land subsidence near a 145-kilometer reach of the California Aqueduct in the west-central part of the San Joaquin Valley using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) methods. Analysis presented in Sneed and others (2018) is based, in part, on subsidence contours derived from InSAR data for January 2008–January 2010, and are presented in this data release.
Geodetic Survey Data Used as Subsidence Observations for Model Calibration, Central Valley, California
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The Central Valley, and particularly the San Joaquin Valley, has a long history of land subsidence caused by groundwater development. The extensive withdrawal of groundwater from the unconsolidated deposits of the San Joaquin Valley lowered groundwater levels and caused widespread land subsidence—reaching 9 meters by 1981. More than half of the thickness of the aquifer system is composed of fine-grained sediments, including clays, silts, and sandy or silty clays that are susceptible to compaction. In an effort to aid water managers in understanding how water moves through the aquifer system, predicting water-supply scenarios, and addressing issues related to water competition, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) developed a new hydrologic modeling tool, the Central Valley Hydrologic Model (CVHM; Faunt and others 2009). The data presented in this data release will be used to facilitate updates to the original CVHM and represent subsidence observations (measurements) using geodetic surveys during 1926–2021 by USGS, Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), California Department of Water Resources (DWR), National Geodetic Survey (NGS), and San Luis and Delta-Mendota Water Agency (SLDMWA). In the context of this report, subsidence is defined as the lowering of the land-surface elevation as a result of aquifer-system compaction and is calculated by differencing repeated measurements. While the model only goes through 2019, the 2021 data is included in this data release for completeness. For a more detailed description of geodetic survey methods, please see Poland and others (1975) and Sneed and others (2020).
Continuous Global Positioning System Data Used as Subsidence Observations for Model Calibration, Central Valley, California
공공데이터포털
The Central Valley, and particularly the San Joaquin Valley, has a long history of land subsidence caused by groundwater development. The extensive withdrawal of groundwater from the unconsolidated deposits of the San Joaquin Valley lowered groundwater levels and caused widespread land subsidence—reaching 9 meters by 1981. More than half of the thickness of the aquifer system is composed of fine-grained sediments, including clays, silts, and sandy or silty clays that are susceptible to compaction. In an effort to aid water managers in understanding how water moves through the aquifer system, predicting water-supply scenarios, and addressing issues related to water competition, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) developed a new hydrologic modeling tool, the Central Valley Hydrologic Model (CVHM; Faunt and others 2009). The data presented in this data release will be used to facilitate updates to the original CVHM, and represent subsidence observations (measurements) using continuous Global Positioning System (CGPS) methods during 1999–2018. For a more detailed description of CGPS methods, please see Sneed and others (2013; 2018).
Central Valley Hydrologic Model version 2 (CVHM2): Subsidence and Aquifer-System Compaction Data Used as Observations (ver. 2.1, August 2023)
공공데이터포털
The Central Valley, and particularly the San Joaquin Valley, has a long history of land subsidence caused by groundwater development. The extensive withdrawal of groundwater from the unconsolidated deposits of the San Joaquin Valley lowered groundwater levels and caused widespread land subsidence—reaching 9 meters by 1981. More than half of the thickness of the aquifer system is composed of fine-grained sediments, including clays, silts, and sandy or silty clays that are susceptible to compaction. In an effort to aid water managers in understanding how water moves through the aquifer system, predicting water-supply scenarios, and addressing issues related to water competition, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) developed a new hydrologic modeling tool, the Central Valley Hydrologic Model (CVHM; Faunt and others 2009). The data presented in this data release will be used to facilitate updates to the original CVHM and represent subsidence and aquifer-system compaction observations (measurements) using various methods during 1926–2018. In the context of this report, subsidence is defined as the lowering of the land-surface elevation as a result of aquifer-system compaction and is calculated by differencing repeated elevation measurements derived from geodetic surveys, continuous GPS (CGPS), and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) techniques. Aquifer-system compaction is measured using vertical borehole extensometers to monitor changes in the distance between the top of a cable or pipe that is anchored or placed at depth, and a reference point at or near land surface. For more detailed information on the methods discussed in this data release, please see Sneed and others, 2013; 2018).
Groundwater-level data in a subwatershed of the Los Planes watershed, Baja California Sur, Mexico, May 2022-May 2023
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This data release includes groundwater data collected in a subwatershed of the Los Planes watershed in Baja California Sur, Mexico. Datasets are formatted as comma-separated values (csv) with a separate file for the following: well information, discrete groundwater-level data, and continuous groundwater-level data. Discrete groundwater-level data were collected by an individual using either an electric tape or a measuring tape. The continuous groundwater-level data were collected by an unvented pressure transducer. Continuous groundwater-level data required corrections for barometric pressure, which were completed using the steps described in the data quality part of this metadata file. This data release includes groundwater-level data for 32 wells.
Extensometer Data Used as Aquifer-System Compaction Observations for Model Calibration, Central Valley, California, 1958-2018
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The Central Valley, and particularly the San Joaquin Valley, has a long history of land subsidence caused by groundwater development. The extensive withdrawal of groundwater from the unconsolidated deposits of the San Joaquin Valley lowered groundwater levels and caused widespread land subsidence—reaching 9 meters by 1981. More than half of the thickness of the aquifer system is composed of fine-grained sediments, including clays, silts, and sandy or silty clays that are susceptible to compaction. In an effort to aid water managers in understanding how water moves through the aquifer system, predicting water-supply scenarios, and addressing issues related to water competition, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) developed a new hydrologic modeling tool, the Central Valley Hydrologic Model (CVHM; Faunt and others 2009). The data presented in this data release will be used to facilitate updates to the original CVHM, and represent aquifer-system compaction observations (measurements) using borehole extensometer data during 1958–2018 by USGS, California Department of Water Resources, San Luis and Delta-Mendota Water Agency, and Luhdorff and Scalmanini Consulting Engineers. For a more detailed description of borehole extensometer methods, please see Sneed and others (2013; 2018).
Extensometer Data Used as Aquifer-System Compaction Observations for Model Calibration, Central Valley, California, 1958-2018
공공데이터포털
The Central Valley, and particularly the San Joaquin Valley, has a long history of land subsidence caused by groundwater development. The extensive withdrawal of groundwater from the unconsolidated deposits of the San Joaquin Valley lowered groundwater levels and caused widespread land subsidence—reaching 9 meters by 1981. More than half of the thickness of the aquifer system is composed of fine-grained sediments, including clays, silts, and sandy or silty clays that are susceptible to compaction. In an effort to aid water managers in understanding how water moves through the aquifer system, predicting water-supply scenarios, and addressing issues related to water competition, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) developed a new hydrologic modeling tool, the Central Valley Hydrologic Model (CVHM; Faunt and others 2009). The data presented in this data release will be used to facilitate updates to the original CVHM, and represent aquifer-system compaction observations (measurements) using borehole extensometer data during 1958–2018 by USGS, California Department of Water Resources, San Luis and Delta-Mendota Water Agency, and Luhdorff and Scalmanini Consulting Engineers. For a more detailed description of borehole extensometer methods, please see Sneed and others (2013; 2018).
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