SAGE2_AEROSOL_O3_NO2_H2O_BINARY_V7.0 is the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) II Version 7.0 Aerosol, O3, NO2 and H2O Profiles data set in the SAGE II native binary format. It contains aerosol extinction, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and water vapor profiles. Data collection for this data set is complete. Over the long 21-year mission, the spacecraft experienced episodic anomalies in the power system. These anomalies were usually followed by a period where the occultation events were of limited duration. These so-called short events may have had an insufficient number of exoatmospheric scans of the solar disk precluding an accurate determination of the solar limb darkening curve and the scan mirror relative reflectivity. In version 7.0, these events, a total of 4900, were dropped so that the data users no longer needed to filter out those events. Further, there were approximately 150 events that did not complete processing in earlier versions that were successfully processed in this version. The net result was that there were more usable profiles in v7.0 than in previous versions. SAGE II was a payload installed aboard the Earth Radiation Budget Satellite (ERBS), which was launched on October 5, 1984, from NASA Space Shuttle Flight 41-G. The SAGE II instrument was a multi-channel spectral radiometer that measured the attenuation of solar radiation at seven wavelengths as they passed through the Earth's atmosphere during the spacecraft's sunrise and sunset events. In one day’s time, the ERBS spacecraft encountered approximately fifteen sunrise and fifteen sunset events. The SAGE II instrument captured solar radiation data for each event. The data span was a vertical distance from about 140 kilometers to the horizon or a cloud top. The ground-track slew distance during data capture varied directly with the duration of the event. Event duration varied with the beta angle of the event - the larger the absolute beta angle, the longer the event. SAGE II continued the SAGE measurements of stratospheric ozone from 1984-2005. After nearly 21 years, the SAGE II Instrument on the ERBS platform was powered off on 22 August, 2005.

Robust cloud products are critical for the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) to contribute significantly to climate studies. Building on our team’s track record in cloud detection, cloud property retrieval, oxygen band exploitation, and DSCOVR-related studies, we propose to develop a suite of algorithms for generating the operational Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) cloud mask, cloud height, and cloud optical thickness products. Multichannel observations will be used for cloud masking; the cloud height will be developed with information from the oxygen A- and B- band pairs (780 nm vs. 779.5 nm and 680 nm vs. 687.75 nm); for the cloud optical thickness retrieval, we propose an approach that combines the EPIC 680 nm observations and numerical weather model outputs. Preliminary results from radiative transfer modeling and proxy data applications show that the proposed algorithms are viable.Product validation will be conducted by comparing EPIC observations/retrievals with counterparts from coexisting Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO) satellites. The proposed work will include a rigorous uncertainty analysis based on theoretical and computational radiative transfer modeling that complements standard validation activities with physics-based diagnostics. We also plan to evaluate and improve the calibration of the EPIC O2 A- and B-band absorption channels by tracking the instrument performance over known targets, such as cloud-free ocean and ice sheet surfaces.The deliverables for the proposed work include an Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD) for peer review, products generated with the proposed algorithms, and supporting research articles. The data products, archived at the Atmospheric Science Data Center (ASDC) at the NASA Langley Research Center, will provide essential inputs needed for the community to apply EPIC observations to climate research and better interpret The National Institute of Standards and Technology Advanced Radiometer (NISTAR) observations.The proposed work directly responds to the solicitation to “develop and implement the necessary algorithms and processes to enable various data products from EPIC sunrise to sunset observations once on orbit” and improve “the calibration of EPIC based on in-flight data.”

This dataset provides observations collected during eleven airborne campaigns from 2006–2017 and associated input and output from nine widely used chemical transport models (CTMs). The airborne campaigns include ARCTAS-A, ARCTAS-B, ATom-1 and ATom-2, CalNex, DC3, INTEX-B, KORUS-AQ, MILAGRO, SEAC4RS, and WINTER, and they sampled mainly tropospheric air over the conterminous U.S. and the state of Alaska, Mexico, Canada, Greenland, and South Korea and remote areas over the Arctic, Pacific, Southern, and Atlantic Oceans. The CTMs are the AM4.1, CCSM4, GEOS-5, GEOS-Chem TOMAS, GEOS-Chem v10, GEOS-Chem v12, GISS-MATRIX, GISS-ModelE, and TM4-ECPL-F, and the output includes sulfate, nitrate, temperature, specific humidity, mixing ratio of ammonium, the volume mixing ratio of nitric acid, surface pressure, gas-phase ammonia, gas-phase nitric acid, pressure, total ammonium, etc. The observations were collected in-situ from a variety of instruments, including the Aerosol Microphysical Properties (AMP), HR Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS), CIT Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer (CIMS), diode laser hygrometer (DLH), a mist chamber/ion chromatography system (MC/IC), Particle Analysis by Laser Mass Spectrometer (PALMS), Single Particle Soot Photometer (SP2), and UCI Whole Air Sampler (WAS). In-situ data also include latitude, longitude, and pressure. These observations were used to investigate how aerosol pH and ammonium balance change from polluted to remote regions, such as over oceans, and were compared to predictions from the CTMs.

The Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment I (SAGE I) was launched February 18, 1979, aboard the Applications Explorer Mission-B (AEM-B) satellite. SAGE I was a sun photometer that used the solar occultation technique to measure aerosols and important stratospheric gases in the atmosphere. SAGE I collected valuable data for nearly three years until the power system on the satellite failed. SAGE I is a predecessor to the very successful SAGE II/III Missions. The data set here are the SAGE I measured vertical profiles of stratospheric multi-wavelength aerosol extinction coefficient and the concentration of ozone and nitrogen dioxide.

This dataset provides the atmospheric concentrations of separated ions from inorganic and organic species measured by the High-Resolution Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-AMS) collected during flights of the NASA ATom Mission. Data are available from all four ATom Campaigns. The HR-AMS detects non-refractory submicron aerosol composition by impaction on a vaporizer at 600 degrees C, followed by electron ionization and time-of-flight mass spectral analysis. The measurements include chemically speciated submicron non-refractory particulate mass at a one second and 60 second resolution, and the size distribution of chemically speciated submicron non-refractory particulate mass at 60 second resolution.

Soluble acidic gases and aerosols (SAGA) were collected with two related installations; a mist chamber/ion chromatography (MC/IC) system and a paired bulk aerosol system. The MC/IC system measures in situ atmospheric distributions of nitric acid (plus < 1 um NO3 aerosol) and fine (< 1 um) aerosol sulfate at an approximately 80-second interval. The paired bulk aerosol system collects particulates onto filters for subsequent analysis. Collected filters were first extracted with water to obtain the water-soluble (WS) constituents and then extracted again using methanol to collect the methanol soluble (MS) fraction. The light absorption of filtered extracts was measured from 300 to 700 nm. Ion chromatography on aqueous extracts of the bulk aerosol samples collected on Teflon filters were used to quantify soluble ions (Cl-, Br-, NO3-, SO42-, C2O42-, Na+, NH4+, K+, Ca+, and Mg+). The SAGA system is provided by the University of New Hampshire (UNH).

TL2SUPS_8 is the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES)/Aura Level 2 Supplemental Profiles Special Observation Version 8 data product. TES was an instrument aboard NASA's Aura satellite and was launched from California on July 15, 2004. Data collection for TES is complete. TES Level 2 data contain retrieved species (or temperature) profiles at the observation targets and the estimated errors. The geolocation, quality, and other data (e.g., surface characteristics for nadir observations) were also provided. L2 modeled spectra were evaluated using radiative transfer modeling algorithms. The process, referred to as retrieval, compared observed spectra to the modeled spectra and iteratively updated the atmospheric parameters. L2 standard product files included information for one molecular species (or temperature) for an entire global survey or special observation run. A global survey consisted of a maximum of 16 consecutive orbits. Nadir and limb observations were added to separate L2 files, and a single ancillary file was composed of data that are common to both nadir and limb files. A Nadir sequence within the TES Global Survey was a fixed number of observations within an orbit for a Global Survey. Prior to April 24, 2005, it consisted of two low resolution scans over the same ground locations. After April 24, 2005, Global Survey data consisted of three low resolution scans. The Nadir standard product consists of four files, where each file is composed of the Global Survey Nadir observations from one of four focal planes for a single orbit, i.e. 72 orbit sequences. The Global Survey Nadir observations only used a single set of filter mix. A Global Survey consisted of observations along 16 consecutive orbits at the start of a two day cycle, over which 3,200 retrievals were performed. Each observation was the input for retrievals of species Volume Mixing Ratios (VMRs), temperature profiles, surface temperature, and other data parameters with associated pressure levels, precision, total error, vertical resolution, total column density, and other diagnostic quantities. Each TES Level 2 standard product reported information in a swath format conforming to the HDF-EOS Aura File Format Guidelines. Each Swath object was bounded by the number of observations in a global survey and a predefined set of pressure levels representing slices through the atmosphere. Each standard product could have had a variable number of observations depending upon the Global Survey configuration and whether averaging was employed. Also, missing or bad retrievals were not reported. Further, observations were occasionally scheduled on non-global survey days. In general they were measurements made for validation purposes or with highly focused science objectives. Those non-global survey measurements were referred to as “special observations”The organization of data within the Swath object was based on a superset of the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) pressure levels used to report concentrations of trace atmospheric gases. The reporting grid was the same pressure grid used for modeling. There were 67 reporting levels from 1211.53 hPa, which allowed for very high surface pressure conditions, to 0.1 hPa, about 65 km. In addition, the products reported values directly at the surface when possible or at the observed cloud top level. Thus in the Standard Product files, each observation could potentially contain estimates for the concentration of a particular molecule at 67 different pressure levels within the atmosphere. However, for most retrieved profiles, the highest pressure levels were not observed due to a surface at lower pressure or cloud obscuration. For pressure levels corresponding to altitudes below the cloud top or surface, where measurements were not possible, a fill value was applied.To minimize the duplication of information between the individual species standard products, data fields common to each species (such as spacecraft

This dataset provides information on greenhouse gases and human-produced air pollution, including atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), tropospheric ozone (O3), and black carbon (BC) aerosols, collected during airborne campaigns conducted by NASA's Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) mission. This dataset includes merged data from all instruments plus additional data such as numbered profiles and distance flown. Merged data products have been created for seven different aggregation intervals (1 second, 10 seconds, and 5 instrument-specific intervals). In the case of data obtained over longer time intervals (e.g., flask data), the merge files provide (weighted) averages to match the sampling intervals. This comprehensive dataset will be used to improve the representation of chemically reactive gases and short-lived climate forcers in global models of atmospheric chemistry and climate.