The dataset includes all data used in the creation of figures and graphs in the paper: "Scenarios for low carbon and low water electric power plant operations: implications for upstream water use." Data includes regional electricity mixes, full life cycle water use, and water use for each life cycle stage. These encompass a range of scenarios out to 2050, and should not be used as predictions, forecasts or official baselines. The scenarios and results are for research purposes only, and do not represent current or future U.S. EPA policies or regulations. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Dodder , R., J. Barnwell , and W. Yelverton. Scenarios for low carbon and low water electric power plant operations: implications for upstream water use. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, USA, 50(21): 11460-11470, (2016).

DWR’s 2070 extreme climate change scenarios enable exploration of the vulnerability of and opportunities for water supply at the potential bounds of future climate change conditions. These scenarios were originally developed as part of the public benefit uncertainty analysis for the California Water Commission’s Water Storage Investment Program (WSIP) (dataset available here: https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/climate-change-projections-wsip-2030-2070). In 2018, DWR’s Sustainable Groundwater Management Program (SGMP) furnished these extreme scenarios for use by Groundwater Sustainability Agencies (GSAs) (dataset available here: https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/sgma-climate-change-resources). Specifically, downscaled global climate model (GCM) projections were provided for two future climate periods, including a 2030 central tendency, a 2070 central tendency, and two 2070 extreme scenarios to establish a range of projected conditions. **Since then, DWR collaborated with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory to improve the fidelity of these long-range planning datasets, resulting in this update of the 2070 extreme scenarios.** The 2070 extreme scenario update utilizes an improved climate period analysis method to better capture the GCM-projected change in temperature and precipitation. The updated dataset improves downscaled climate change extreme conditions considered for water supply that features both statewide coverage of hydrologic variables and managed flows within California’s inter-regional water conveyance system. **A technical note on the background and results of this process is provided here**: https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/extreme-climate-change-scenarios-for-water-supply-planning/resource/f2e1c61a-4946-4863-825f-e6d516b433ed.

DWR’s 2070 extreme climate change scenarios enable exploration of the vulnerability of and opportunities for water supply at the potential bounds of future climate change conditions. These scenarios were originally developed as part of the public benefit uncertainty analysis for the California Water Commission’s Water Storage Investment Program (WSIP) (dataset available here: https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/climate-change-projections-wsip-2030-2070). In 2018, DWR’s Sustainable Groundwater Management Program (SGMP) furnished these extreme scenarios for use by Groundwater Sustainability Agencies (GSAs) (dataset available here: https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/sgma-climate-change-resources). Specifically, downscaled global climate model (GCM) projections were provided for two future climate periods, including a 2030 central tendency, a 2070 central tendency, and two 2070 extreme scenarios to establish a range of projected conditions. **Since then, DWR collaborated with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory to improve the fidelity of these long-range planning datasets, resulting in this update of the 2070 extreme scenarios.** The 2070 extreme scenario update utilizes an improved climate period analysis method to better capture the GCM-projected change in temperature and precipitation. The updated dataset improves downscaled climate change extreme conditions considered for water supply that features both statewide coverage of hydrologic variables and managed flows within California’s inter-regional water conveyance system. **A technical note on the background and results of this process is provided here**: https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/extreme-climate-change-scenarios-for-water-supply-planning/resource/f2e1c61a-4946-4863-825f-e6d516b433ed.

DWR’s 2070 extreme climate change scenarios enable exploration of the vulnerability of and opportunities for water supply at the potential bounds of future climate change conditions. These scenarios were originally developed as part of the public benefit uncertainty analysis for the California Water Commission’s Water Storage Investment Program (WSIP) (dataset available here: https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/climate-change-projections-wsip-2030-2070). In 2018, DWR’s Sustainable Groundwater Management Program (SGMP) furnished these extreme scenarios for use by Groundwater Sustainability Agencies (GSAs) (dataset available here: https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/sgma-climate-change-resources). Specifically, downscaled global climate model (GCM) projections were provided for two future climate periods, including a 2030 central tendency, a 2070 central tendency, and two 2070 extreme scenarios to establish a range of projected conditions. **Since then, DWR collaborated with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory to improve the fidelity of these long-range planning datasets, resulting in this update of the 2070 extreme scenarios.** The 2070 extreme scenario update utilizes an improved climate period analysis method to better capture the GCM-projected change in temperature and precipitation. The updated dataset improves downscaled climate change extreme conditions considered for water supply that features both statewide coverage of hydrologic variables and managed flows within California’s inter-regional water conveyance system. **A technical note on the background and results of this process is provided here**: https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/extreme-climate-change-scenarios-for-water-supply-planning/resource/f2e1c61a-4946-4863-825f-e6d516b433ed.

This dataset provides estimates of operational water withdrawal and water consumption factors for electricity generating technologies in the United States. Estimates of water factors were collected from published primary literature and were not modified except for unit conversions. The water factors presented may be useful in modeling and policy analyses where reliable power plant level data are not available. This data is from the report "Operational water consumption and withdrawal factors for electricity generating technologies: a review of existing literature" (see resource below).

The Neversink River watershed (above the Neversink Reservoir) in the Catskill Mountains of New York, USA has been a focus of U.S. Geological Survey research for decades regarding stream geochemistry, acidification, and ecology dynamics. In 2019, the Water Mission Area Next Generation Water Observing Systems Program (NGWOS) augmented the existing stream gage network to include multiscale instrumentation aimed at characterizing various aspects of groundwater discharge to streams, including the collection of paired air and stream water temperature monitoring stations. Groundwater discharge from hillslopes and underlying aquifers acts as an important component of stream baseflow, and influences stream thermal regimes, creating characteristic signals that can be analyzed to infer baseflow generation process and resiliency. This data release contains input and output files for the spreadsheet-based stream total heat budget model HFLUX (Glose et al., 2017; Briggs et al. 2017). Various scenarios of stream discharge, shading, and groundwater inflow were developed at hourly timescales to explore the physical controls on daily air-water temperature relations. The conceptual scenarios are based on the physical and meteorological conditions of the upper Neversink Reservoir Watershed. The synthetic output data are at 60 min timestep over 5 days with 0.5 m spatial resolution along a 1D, 5 km model stream channel. Simulated stream temperature data are contained in the ‘Output_data’ directory as detailed in the local 'README_output’ textfile. HFLUX input files for each scenario are contained in the 'Input_data' directory. There are subfolders for each scenario, which contain the Excel-based HFLUX input files along with ASCII versions of each spreadsheet input tab, as detailed in the local 'README_input' textfile. Finally, the 'HFLUX' directory contains the model executable files used for this study in .m textfile format and a PDF file describing how they are used. Glose, A. M., Lautz, L. K., and Baker, E. A., 2017, Stream heat budget modeling with HFLUX: Model development, evaluation, and applications across contrasting sites and seasons, Environ. Model. Softw., 92, 213–228, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.02.021 Briggs, M.A., Lane, J.W., Snyder, C.D., White, E.A., Johnson, Z.C., Nelms, D.L., Hitt, N.P., 2017c. Modeled temperature data developed for study of shallow mountain bedrock limits seepage-based headwater climate refugia, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release, dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7F47M8Q

This spreadsheet contains data inputs associated with representations of water (i.e., use, supply, costs) for thermo-electric based production. Values in this spreadsheet have been used to support multiple transmission-related planning studies, using models such as Regional Energy Deployment System Model (ReEDS). More information about associated studies can be found in Miara et al., 2019 (DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b03037); Cohen et al., 2022 (DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119193); and Cohen et al., 2024 (DOI TBD). Within these transmission-related studies, the values present in this spreadsheet are assigned for simulation of both existing units as well as new capacity build-outs. A summary of worksheets' content as well as associated sources are captured below.