Spreadsheets include data that was used to evaluate the efficacy of carbon dioxide (CO2) deterrence at different temperatures in invasive carps. There are 8 csv files and 2 folders containing text documents associated with this study

Resource managers need effective methods to limit the spread of invasive Asian carps (Hypophthalmichthys spp.) into new areas. This study evaluated carbon dioxide (CO2) as a barrier and deterrent to Asian carps in a small outdoor pond. Telemetered silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) were monitored for 72h (24h before CO2, 24h during CO2, 24h after CO2) using a two-dimensional acoustic telemetry array to evaluate behavioral responses to CO2. Water quality was measured concurrent with acoustic telemetry to determine the concentration and extent of the CO2 plume. Results are intended to provide information on the potential application of CO2 as an invasive fish deterrent strategy.

Locks and dams are possible management points to block the spread of invasive Asian carps in the United States. Infusion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into water is one deterrent strategy being considered at navigational structures to reduce upstream fish passage that would not directly interfere with lock and dam operations. The goal of this study was to determine the efficacy of CO2 as a behavioral deterrent to free-swimming fishes. Telemetered bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) were monitored within a U-shaped pond (30.5 m long x 13.7 m wide x 1 m deep) using a two-dimensional acoustic telemetry array. Gaseous CO2 was administered to one-half of the pond at 30, 75, or 150 L CO2/min while a comparable stimulus of atmospheric air without CO2 was simultaneously applied to the opposite side. Fish positions throughout nine independent trials were used to quantify and compare the spatial occupancy, movement patterns, and CO2 plume interaction of fish during CO2 treatment relative to normal swimming before treatment. See related manuscript for additional details on experimental methods.

Resource agencies are searching for effective methods to prevent the spread of invasive Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and Bighead Carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), hereafter bigheaded carps, from the Mississippi River basin into the Laurentian Great Lakes. Elevating carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in water within locks and other pinch points is an approach being considered to reduce invasive fish passage. Laboratory studies have shown that bigheaded carps strongly avoid areas of elevated CO2 (Kates et al. 2012; Dennis et al. 2015). Similarly, telemetry studies found that CO2 can be used to exclude bigheaded carps from certain locations (Donaldson et al. 2016) and reduce upstream movement (Cupp et al. 2016). Previous studies were completed under controlled settings, and research to determine the feasibility and efficacy of elevated CO2 to control bigheaded carp movements in larger natural environments is needed. On October 21–28, 2016, the U.S. Geological Survey Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Illinois-Iowa Water Science Center, and Columbia Environmental Research Center conducted a short field study at Emiquon Preserve (15T 750386.95m E, 4469041.70m N) near Havana, IL. Objectives for this study were to (1) characterize CO2 concentrations and distribution at various water velocities and (2) determine the effectiveness of CO2 to reduce general fish abundance and movement. During this study, water quality, atmospheric CO2, and fish presence were quantified across three water velocities (no flow, restricted flow, and unrestricted flow) with and without CO2 injection. The study was conducted at the water management structures (WMS) which served at the single connection between an isolated backwater lake and the Illinois River. Carbon dioxide was injected into the downstream portion of the WMS using air diffusers connected to compressed CO2 tanks. Fish abundance and movement was quantified using two Adaptive Resolution Imaging Sonar (ARIS) transducers placed across WMS entrances. Water quality was quantified using stationary sondes, grab sample, and mobile transects. Atmospheric CO2 concentrations were quantified at fixed locations throughout the study site. Dates and times of importance: no water flow with CO2 start (21OCT2016 0800 CDT) and stop (21OCT2016 1600 CDT), modified flow with CO2 start (25OCT2016 0800 CDT) and stop (25OCT2016 1600 CDT), unrestricted flow with CO2 start (24OCT2016 0800 CDT) and stop (24OCT2016 1600 CDT), no flow control day without CO2 (28OCT2016), modified flow control day without CO2 (27OCT2016), and unrestricted flow control day without CO2 (23OCT2016).

These datasets include data that was used to evaluate the efficacy of carbon dioxide (CO2) injected under-ice as a tool for reducing the overwinter survival of invasive carps.

Locks and dams are possible management points to block the spread of invasive Asian carps in the United States. Infusion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into water is one deterrent strategy being considered at navigational structures to reduce upstream fish passage that would not directly interfere with lock and dam operations. The goal of this study was to determine lethal concentrations of CO2 to non-target species. Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) and Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were exposed to CO2 continuously for 12 hours using a diluter system. Trials were performed on both species at target water temperatures of 5, 15, and 25°C. See related manuscript for additional details on experimental methods.

Spreadsheets include data that was used to evaluate the efficacy of dry ice administered under-ice as a tool for reducing the overwinter survival of invasive carps. There are 10 CSV associated with this study

There are three datasets associated with the manuscript ‘Experience matters: Commercial fishing can reduce biomass of invasive bigheaded carps’. The first dataset represent harvest from the invasive carp harvest program in Kentucky and Tennessee from 2009-2021 only in Lake Barkley and Kentucky Lake where the majority of harvest occurs. The second data are length data from a subset of those fish harvested in 2018-2021. Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources and Tennessee Wildlife Resource Agency conduct observations onboard commercial vessels. During these observations total lengths are collected from a subset of that capture which we have used to develop a length-based stock assessment. The last dataset are the results from a survey delivered to fishers participating in the invasive carp harvest program in Kentucky and Tennessee.

This study evaluated carbon dioxide (CO2) injected into water as a possible behavioral stimulant to enhance capture and removal of invasive red swamp crayfish (RSC, Procambarus clarkii Girard, 1852) from a retention pond in southeastern Michigan. Objectives of this study were to (1) determine if target CO2 concentrations were attainable within the infested pond, and (2) determine if CO2 treatment was effective to push RSC towards shorelines or onto dry land where they could be collected and removed. Carbon dioxide was applied directly into one treatment pond (~2,500 m3) in Novi, MI. Two nearby ponds in Livonia, MI were used as untreated control ponds. Crayfish removal efficiency was evaluated in all ponds using baited traps and shoreline surveys. Results showed that the CO2 treatment pond reached its target concentration of >200 milligrams per liter (mg/L) CO2, a benchmark determined from previous laboratory studies, approximately 11 hours after injection started and was maintained between 200-351 mg/L CO2 for approximately 2.5 days. During treatment, some emergent crayfish were observed near influent culverts around the pond, possibly indicative of a behavioral response. However, the number of individuals and crayfish observations were minimal and infrequent. Crayfish continued to be removed throughout CO2 treatment with baited traps and perimeter surveys, but differences in catch rates between the treatment and control ponds were not apparent and confounded by a temporal decline in catch rates across all ponds. Overall, this study demonstrated that open-water treatment applications with CO2 are possible, but its effectiveness to enhance RSC removal was unclear due to limited crayfish observations.

Prey survival rates relative to season, habitat and species of predator from eighteen two-week experiments, from April-October in 2015 and 2016, that were conducted in experimental ponds with differing habitats of artificial structure, vegetation, or no habitat combinations.