This data release is a compilation of published and unpublished thermal maturity and source rock geochemical data (Rock-Eval, pyrolysis) from subsurface wells in the Permian Basin, west Texas and southeast New Mexico. These data include 67 newly collected samples and analyses from Delaware Basin wells (identified as Cicero_2022), as well as 1028 previously unpublished USGS analyses from the entire province (identified as LIMS). Data were also synthesized from publicly available sources, such as theses and dissertations, state agencies and databases, as well as from the body of published literature.

This dataset accompanies planned publication titled "The Far-Field imprint of the LPIA, its demise, and the onset of a dust-house climate across the Eastern Shelf of the Permian Basin". Zircon ages presented in this dataset are from rocks collected across the eastern margin of the Permian Basin, Texas. The U-Pb zircon ages are used to investigate changes in provenance in this region as a result of a changing hydroclimate and tectonics. Samples were collected from this region by Neil Griffis and Neil Tabor between March 2019 and April 2021. The data were collected at the University of California, Davis and the University of Texas, Austin between April 2019 and August 2021.

This dataset accompanies planned publication titled "The Far-Field imprint of the LPIA, its demise, and the onset of a dust-house climate across the Eastern Shelf of the Permian Basin". Zircon ages presented in this dataset are from rocks collected across the eastern margin of the Permian Basin, Texas. The U-Pb zircon ages are used to investigate changes in provenance in this region as a result of a changing hydroclimate and tectonics. Samples were collected from this region by Neil Griffis and Neil Tabor between March 2019 and April 2021. The data were collected at the University of California, Davis and the University of Texas, Austin between April 2019 and August 2021.

This data release is a compilation of a literature search of published core X-ray diffraction (XRD) data for the Permian Basin Barnett and Woodford Shales, and includes data from: the Reliance Triple Crown 1 (RTC 1) well of Pecos County, Texas; Fasken Fee BM SWD 1 well of Andrews County, Texas; the M G Nevill well of Culberson County, Texas; the Mesquite 1 well of Hamilton County, Texas; the Fasken Fee BK 1514 well of Ector County, Texas; and Ross Draw Unit 5 well of Eddy County, New Mexico. The compiled data help advance the understanding of the stratigraphy, mineralogy, geomechanical properties, and depositional environment of these continuous hydrocarbon reservoirs in both the Midland Basin and Delaware Basin. The XRD data include but are not limited to weight percent (wt%) of albite, apatite, calcite, chlorite, dolomite, feldspar, illite, kaolinite, magnesite, mica, norsethite, orthoclase, plagioclase, pyrite, quartz, siderite, smectite, and total organic carbon (TOC).

This data release is a compilation of a literature search of published core X-ray diffraction (XRD) data for the Permian Basin Barnett and Woodford Shales, and includes data from: the Reliance Triple Crown 1 (RTC 1) well of Pecos County, Texas; Fasken Fee BM SWD 1 well of Andrews County, Texas; the M G Nevill well of Culberson County, Texas; the Mesquite 1 well of Hamilton County, Texas; the Fasken Fee BK 1514 well of Ector County, Texas; and Ross Draw Unit 5 well of Eddy County, New Mexico. The compiled data help advance the understanding of the stratigraphy, mineralogy, geomechanical properties, and depositional environment of these continuous hydrocarbon reservoirs in both the Midland Basin and Delaware Basin. The XRD data include but are not limited to weight percent (wt%) of albite, apatite, calcite, chlorite, dolomite, feldspar, illite, kaolinite, magnesite, mica, norsethite, orthoclase, plagioclase, pyrite, quartz, siderite, smectite, and total organic carbon (TOC).

In 2024, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) compiled rock properties data from the USGS Core Research Center's (CRC) database for the Southwestern Wyoming Province and adjoining areas to better characterize the potential hydrocarbon sources and reservoirs in the area. Data from 53 wells were collected from data analysis results located in the CRC database. These data are derived from a combination of USGS and non-USGS laboratory analyses, with samples provided over several decades by researchers who accessed the CRC collection. The compiled data are from pre-Cretaceous Formations in the Southwestern Wyoming Province area. For each well, accompanying metadata details the sample sources, analytical methods, and quality considerations to aid in scientific analysis and public use.

Raman spectroscopy was studied as a thermal maturity probe in a series of Upper Devonian Ohio Shale samples from the Appalachian Basin spanning from immature to dry gas conditions. Raman spectroscopy also was applied to samples spanning a similar thermal range created from 72-hour hydrous pyrolysis (HP) experiments of the Ohio Shale at temperatures from 300 to 360°C and isothermal HP experiments lasting up to 100 days of similar Devonian-Mississippian New Albany Shale. Raman spectra were treated by an automated evaluation software based on iterative and simultaneous modeling of signal and baseline functions to decrease subjectivity. Spectra show robust correlation to measured solid bitumen reflectance (BRo) values and were therefore used to construct logarithmic regression relationships for calculation of BRo equivalent values. Raman spectra show considerable differences between natural samples and HP. residues with similar measured BRo values, indicating as-yet undetermined differences in carbon chemistry. We speculate this result may be due to differences in the sampling interactions of Raman vs. reflectance measurements, and the incomplete nature of maturation reactions in the time-limited hydrous pyrolysis residues. Samples used in this study are similar in organic assemblage (dominantly solid bitumen) to other commonly exploited North American shale petroleum systems, i.e., Bakken, Barnett, Duvernay, Fayetteville and Woodford shales. Therefore, results presented herein may be broadly applicable to other important shale plays. However, caution is suggested and Raman spectroscopy as a thermal probe may need individual calibration in each shale play due to differences in solid bitumen carbon chemistry. Samples were collected and tested between 2013 and 2018, in studies preformed by Ryder et al., 2013; Hackley and Lewan, 2018; Hackley et al., 2017; Yang et al., 2017; Hackley and Lundsdorf, 2018.

Raman spectroscopy was studied as a thermal maturity probe in a series of Upper Devonian Ohio Shale samples from the Appalachian Basin spanning from immature to dry gas conditions. Raman spectroscopy also was applied to samples spanning a similar thermal range created from 72-hour hydrous pyrolysis (HP) experiments of the Ohio Shale at temperatures from 300 to 360°C and isothermal HP experiments lasting up to 100 days of similar Devonian-Mississippian New Albany Shale. Raman spectra were treated by an automated evaluation software based on iterative and simultaneous modeling of signal and baseline functions to decrease subjectivity. Spectra show robust correlation to measured solid bitumen reflectance (BRo) values and were therefore used to construct logarithmic regression relationships for calculation of BRo equivalent values. Raman spectra show considerable differences between natural samples and HP. residues with similar measured BRo values, indicating as-yet undetermined differences in carbon chemistry. We speculate this result may be due to differences in the sampling interactions of Raman vs. reflectance measurements, and the incomplete nature of maturation reactions in the time-limited hydrous pyrolysis residues. Samples used in this study are similar in organic assemblage (dominantly solid bitumen) to other commonly exploited North American shale petroleum systems, i.e., Bakken, Barnett, Duvernay, Fayetteville and Woodford shales. Therefore, results presented herein may be broadly applicable to other important shale plays. However, caution is suggested and Raman spectroscopy as a thermal probe may need individual calibration in each shale play due to differences in solid bitumen carbon chemistry. Samples were collected and tested between 2013 and 2018, in studies preformed by Ryder et al., 2013; Hackley and Lewan, 2018; Hackley et al., 2017; Yang et al., 2017; Hackley and Lundsdorf, 2018.

This U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) data release provides whole rock major, minor, and trace element geochemical data, mineral chemistry, and monazite and xenotime geochronology for Proterozoic rocks in the Needle Mountains of southwestern Colorado and for Proterozoic rocks sampled from drill cores from Colorado, North Dakota, Nevada, Wyoming, Montana, and Nebraska. Samples from the Needle Mountains were collected in order to constrain the polyphase tectonic evolution of the area. Additionally, multi-scale compositional mapping, petrologic modeling and in-situ geochronology constrain the pressure-temperature-time paths from basement gneisses and quartzites. Drill core samples are part of a larger characterization of the age and geochemical character of basement terranes in the United States.

This U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) data release provides whole rock major, minor, and trace element geochemical data, mineral chemistry, and monazite and xenotime geochronology for Proterozoic rocks in the Needle Mountains of southwestern Colorado and for Proterozoic rocks sampled from drill cores from Colorado, North Dakota, Nevada, Wyoming, Montana, and Nebraska. Samples from the Needle Mountains were collected in order to constrain the polyphase tectonic evolution of the area. Additionally, multi-scale compositional mapping, petrologic modeling and in-situ geochronology constrain the pressure-temperature-time paths from basement gneisses and quartzites. Drill core samples are part of a larger characterization of the age and geochemical character of basement terranes in the United States.