Two specific fires from 2011 are tracked for local to regional scale contribution to ozone (O3) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) using a freely available regulatory modeling system that includes the BlueSky wildland fire emissions tool, Spare Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions (SMOKE) model, Weather and Research Forecasting (WRF) meteorological model, and Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) photochemical grid model. The modeling system was applied to track the contribution from a wildfire (Wallow) and prescribed fire (Flint Hills) using both source sensitivity and source apportionment approaches. The model estimated fire contribution to primary and secondary pollutants are comparable using source sensitivity (brute-force zero out) and source apportionment (Integrated Source Apportionment Method) approaches. Model estimated O3 enhancement relative to CO is similar to values reported in literature indicating the modeling system captures the range of O3 inhibition possible near fires and O3 production both near the fire and downwind. O3 and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) are formed in the fire plume and transported downwind along with highly reactive VOC species such as formaldehyde and acetaldehyde that are both emitted by the fire and rapidly produced in the fire plume by VOC oxidation reactions. PAN and aldehydes contribute to continued downwind O3 production. The transport and thermal decomposition of PAN to nitrogen oxides (NOX) enables O3 production in areas limited by NOX availability and the photolysis of aldehydes to produce free radicals (HOX) causes increased O3 production in NOX rich areas. The modeling system tends to overestimate hourly surface O3 at routine rural monitors in close proximity to the fires when the model predicts elevated fire impacts on O3 and Hazard Mapping System (HMS) data indicates possible fire impact. A sensitivity simulation in which solar radiation and photolysis rates were more aggressively attenuated by aerosol in the plume reduced model O3 but does not eliminate this bias. A comparison of model predicted daily average speciated PM2.5 at surface rural routine network sites when the model predicts fire impacts from either of these fires shows a tendency toward overestimation of PM2.5 organic aerosol in close proximity to these fires. The standard version of the CMAQ treats primarily emitted organic aerosol as non-volatile. An alternative approach for treating organic aerosol as semi-volatile resulted in lower PM2.5 organic aerosol from these fires but does not eliminate the bias. Future work should focus on modeling specific fire events that are well characterized in terms of size, emissions, and have extensive measurements taken near the fire and downwind to better constrain model representation of important physical and chemical processes (e.g. aerosol photolysis attenuation and organic aerosol treatment) related to wild and prescribed fires. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Baker, K., M. Woody, G. Tonnesen, B. Hutzell, H. Pye, M. Beaver, G. Pouliot, and T. Pierce. Contribution of regional-scale fire events to ozone and PM2.5 air quality estimated by photochemical modeling approaches. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, USA, 140: 539–554, (2016).

This dataset contains the underlying data for the evaluation of a 5 year CMAQ simulation with and without fires. The pollutant evaluated in the journal article is PM2.5. Daily Average concentrations of PM2.5 from two 5 year CMAQ simulations are included. Area burned on a daily basis is also included. Finally model and observed paired CSV files of PM2.5 are included for the 5 year simulation from the IMPROVE and CSN networks. Datasets are in several formats including netCDF (tar and zipped), csv (tar and zipped), and Excel. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Wilkins, J., G. Pouliot, K. Foley, W. Appel, and T. Pierce. The impact of US wildland fires on ozone and particulate matter: a comparison of measurements and CMAQ model predictions from 2008 to 2012. International Journal of Wildland Fire. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood Victoria, AUSTRALIA, 27(10): 684-698, (2018).

This dataset contains the underlying data for the evaluation of a 5 year CMAQ simulation with and without fires. The pollutant evaluated in the journal article is PM2.5. Daily Average concentrations of PM2.5 from two 5 year CMAQ simulations are included. Area burned on a daily basis is also included. Finally model and observed paired CSV files of PM2.5 are included for the 5 year simulation from the IMPROVE and CSN networks. Datasets are in several formats including netCDF (tar and zipped), csv (tar and zipped), and Excel. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Wilkins, J., G. Pouliot, K. Foley, W. Appel, and T. Pierce. The impact of US wildland fires on ozone and particulate matter: a comparison of measurements and CMAQ model predictions from 2008 to 2012. International Journal of Wildland Fire. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood Victoria, AUSTRALIA, 27(10): 684-698, (2018).

Data during wildfire seasons (May 1 - October 31) over the years 2008 - 2012 in the contiguous U.S. used for spatial causal analysis of wildland fire-contributed PM2.5. The two sources of PM2.5 data are monitor data from the EPA’s Air Quality System (AQS) and simulated PM2.5 from the CMAQ model. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Larsen, A., S. Yang, B. Reich, and A. Rappold. A spatial causal analysis of wildland fire-contributed PM2:5 using numerical model output. Annals of Applied Statistics. Institute of Mathematical Statistics, Beachwood, OH, USA, 16(4): 2714-2731, (2022).

Data files used in manuscript - "Influence of burned area uncertainties on modeled wildland fire PM2.5 and ozone pollution in the contiguous U.S.". This dataset is associated with the following publication: Koplitz, S., C. Nolte, G. Pouliot, J. Vukovich, and J. Beidler. Influence of uncertainties in burned area estimates on modeled wildland fire PM2.5 and ozone pollution in the contiguous U.S.. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, USA, 191: 328-339, (2018).

Impacts of fire smoke plumes on regional air quality, 2006–2013 data. Shape files of smoke plumes that define the geographic extent of smoke are from the NOAA Hazard Mapping System (HMS), and O3, total PM2.5, and PM2.5 constituent measurements for 2006–2013 are from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Air Quality System database. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Larsen, A., B. Reich, M. Ruminski, and A. Rappold. Impacts of wildfire smoke plumes on regional air quality, 2006-2013. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology. Nature Publishing Group, London, UK, 28(4): 319-327, (2018).

High time resolution (10 s) chamber study burn emission measurements and commercial laboratory fuel analysis reports. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Urbanski, S., R. Long, H. Halliday, A. Habel, E. Lincoln, and M. Landis. Fuel layer specific pollutant emission factors for fire prone forest ecosystems of the western U.S. and Canada. Atmospheric Environment: X. Elsevier B.V., Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS, 0000, (2022).

High time resolution (10 s) chamber study burn emission measurements and commercial laboratory fuel analysis reports. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Urbanski, S., R. Long, H. Halliday, A. Habel, E. Lincoln, and M. Landis. Fuel layer specific pollutant emission factors for fire prone forest ecosystems of the western U.S. and Canada. Atmospheric Environment: X. Elsevier B.V., Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS, 0000, (2022).

The TROPESS CrIS-SNPP L2 Ozone for West Coast Fires, Standard Product contains the vertical distribution of the retrieved atmospheric state of ozone (O3), formal uncertainties, and diagnostic information measured by the CrIS instrument on the Suomi-NPP satellite. This product focuses on the CONUS region (20N-60N; 150W-40W) for the time period from 2020-08-01 to 2020-10-31, during the outbreak of U.S. West Coast wildfires. The NASA TRopospheric Ozone and Precursors from Earth System Sounding (TROPESS) project, uses an optimal estimation algorithm, known as the MUlti-SpEctra, MUlti-SpEcies, Multi-SEnsors (MUSES).The data files are written in the netCDF version 4 file format, and each file contains one day of data. The data have a spatial resolution of 14 km (CrIS nadir FOV), and are reported at 26 vertical levels from the surface to 0.1 hPa. The principal investigator for the TROPESS project is Kevin W. Bowman.

Data sets used in the analysis presented in the manuscript “Characterizing grassland fire activity in the Flint Hills region and air quality using satellite and routine surface monitor data”. The datasets used for the analysis include data from routine monitor networks located in the central U.S., satellite fire detection data, and burn area estimates. The data supporting each of the Figures in the manuscript are provided in a file specific for that Figure, so there is one file for each Figure. Each file is in comma-separated value (csv) format and contains observation data used to generate that Figure. Meta data on what is included in each file is provided in the Data Dictionary. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Baker, K., S. Koplitz, K. Foley, L. Avey, and A. Hawkins. Characterizing grassland fire activity in the Flint Hills region and air quality using satellite and routine surface monitor data. SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT. Elsevier BV, AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS, 659: 1555-1566, (2019).