This dataset is comprised of cyanotoxin concentrations in extracts from solid phase adsorption toxin tracking (SPATT) samplers deployed at fixed sampling stations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, beginning in 2020. SPATT samplers are a form of passive sampler constructed of adsorbent resin beads that concentrate cyanotoxins over time. Cyanotoxin congeners were measured from SPATT extracts within the cyanotoxin classes: microcystins, anatoxins, cylindrospermopsins, saxitoxins, anabaenopeptins, and nodularin. Concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), with some samples also measured with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

This data release contains cyanotoxin concentrations for microcystins, cylindrospermopsins, anatoxins, and saxitoxins assessed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA) on 363 samples collected from 82 surface-water sites located in the Cascade Range in Oregon, and eight sites located outside of the Oregon Cascade Range in Washington and California, during 2016-2020. Three sample types were assessed: 1) benthic colonies and mats of cyanobacteria (n=109), 2) plankton net tows (n=90), and 3) Solid Phase Adsorption Toxin Tracking samplers (SPATTs)(n=164).

This data release contains cyanotoxin concentrations for microcystins, cylindrospermopsins, anatoxins, and saxitoxins assessed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA) on 363 samples collected from 82 surface-water sites located in the Cascade Range in Oregon, and eight sites located outside of the Oregon Cascade Range in Washington and California, during 2016-2020. Three sample types were assessed: 1) benthic colonies and mats of cyanobacteria (n=109), 2) plankton net tows (n=90), and 3) Solid Phase Adsorption Toxin Tracking samplers (SPATTs)(n=164).

Cyanobacteria are common in inland water bodies. Many strains are known to produce potent toxins (cyanotoxins) which can impact human and animal health in sufficient concentrations. Lake Elsinore and Canyon Lake are two impaired lakes in California with frequent cyanobacteria blooms that are not monitored for toxin production. These data document the liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) results for 21 cyanotoxins and algal toxins in 13 cyanobacteria samples collected during bloom events from Lake Elsinore and Canyon Lake (CA, USA) in July, August, and September 2016.

Cyanobacteria are common in inland water bodies. Many strains are known to produce potent toxins (cyanotoxins) which can impact human and animal health in sufficient concentrations. Lake Elsinore and Canyon Lake are two impaired lakes in California with frequent cyanobacteria blooms that are not monitored for toxin production. These data document the liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) results for 21 cyanotoxins and algal toxins in 13 cyanobacteria samples collected during bloom events from Lake Elsinore and Canyon Lake (CA, USA) in July, August, and September 2016.

In cooperation with the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) utilized various field and laboratory methods to determine the presence and concentration of cyanobacteria, cyanotoxins, and taste-and-odor compounds in Texas water bodies. This data release documents the results from water-quality samples collected from 41 water bodies in Texas during 2016–19. Both qualitative and quantitative field and laboratory methods were performed. Analyses included phytoplankton taxonomy, measurements of phytoplankton biomass, and concentrations of cyanotoxins, taste-and-odor compounds, and photosynthetic pigments. Water-quality samples were also collected to provide supporting data and document existing conditions. These supporting data included dissolved solids, major ions, nutrients, and organic carbon. The study began in water year 2016 (WY16). A water year is defined as the 12-month period from October 1 through September 30 and is designated by the calendar year in which it ends. During water year 2016 and 2017, water-quality samples were analyzed for total and dissolved cyanotoxin concentrations (anatoxin, cylindrospermopsin, domoic acid, microcystin [total and 10 congeners], nodularin, okadaic acid, and saxitoxin), taste-and-odor compounds (methylisoborneol [MIB] and geosmin), chlorophyll a, pheophytin a, major ions (calcium, chloride, fluoride, magnesium, potassium, silica, sodium, and sulfate), and nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorous, and multiple species of each nutrient). In water year 2018 (WY18), analyses of cyanobacterial- and cyanotoxin gene concentrations were added to the study. In water year 2019 (WY19), the study design further expanded to include In-Situ Aqua TROLL sensors to compare the field values with the EXO2 multiparameter sonde. Each reservoir had one sampling site with the exception of three reservoirs at the beginning of WY2016. At those three reservoirs, only selected water-quality field properties were measured on site at 1-2 sampling sites —there were no water-quality samples collected at these sites. At all other sampling sites, water-quality field properties were measured every foot of the water column until the irradiance was 1 percent of the irradiance measured at the surface of the water column. Subsequently, water-quality field properties were measured every five feet to the bottom of the water column. Three rapid-assessment field kits were used to determine semi-quantitative values of three cyanotoxins (anatoxin, cylindrospermopsin, and microcystin) at each sampling site. Chlorophyll-a and pheophytin-a were analyzed by the Trinity River Authority Central Laboratory in Dallas, Texas. Cyanobacterial and cyanotoxin genes were analyzed by the USGS Ohio Water Microbiology Laboratory in Columbus, Ohio. The USGS Organic Geochemistry Research Laboratory in Lawrence, Kansas analyzed for cyanotoxins and taste-and-odor compounds. PhycoTech, Inc. determined phytoplankton taxonomy and biomass. Engineering Performance Solutions in Jacksonville, Florida analyzed for MIB and geosmin. Samples were analyzed for nutrients and major ions by the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory in Denver, Colorado. Water-quality field properties (water temperature, dissolved-oxygen concentration, pH, specific conductance, turbidity, chlorophyll density, chlorophyll fluorescence, phycocyanin density, phycocyanin fluorescence, irradiance, and Secchi depth) were also measured at each sampling site. Water-quality field properties and water-quality constituents are commonly referred to as “parameters” by analytical laboratories, and laboratory terminology for the datasets described in this data release were retained.

In cooperation with the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) used various field and laboratory methods to determine the presence and concentration of cyanobacteria, cyanotoxins, and taste-and-odor compounds in selected Texas water bodies. This data release documents the results from water-quality samples collected from 12 water bodies in Texas during water year 2020 (WY20) and 2021 (WY21). A water year is defined as the 12-month period from October 1 through September 30 and is designated by the calendar year in which it ends. Both qualitative and quantitative field and laboratory methods were performed. Analyses included phytoplankton taxonomy, measurements of phytoplankton biomass, and concentrations of cyanotoxins, taste-and-odor compounds, and photosynthetic pigments. Water-quality samples were also collected to provide supporting data and document existing conditions. These supporting data included dissolved solids, major ions, nutrients, and organic carbon. Water-quality samples were analyzed for total cyanotoxin concentrations (anatoxin, cylindrospermopsin, domoic acid, microcystin [total and 10 congeners], nodularin, okadaic acid, and saxitoxin), taste-and-odor compound concentration (2-Methylisoborneo [MIB] and geosmin), chlorophyll a, pheophytin a, major ions (calcium, chloride, fluoride, magnesium, potassium, silica, sodium, and sulfate), and nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorous, and multiple species of each nutrient). Analyses of cyanobacterial and cyanotoxin gene concentrations are included. An In-Situ Aqua TROLL multiparameter sonde was deployed concurrently with a YSI EXO2 multiparameter sonde to provide two sets of field values that can be compared. Each reservoir had one sampling site. At each site, depth-integrated samples were collected using a peristaltic pump integrating through the photic zone. The photic zone is the depth when measured irradiance is 1 percent of the irradiance measured at the surface of the water column. Water-quality field properties were measured using the multiparameter sondes at 1-foot intervals in the water column through the photic zone (the upper layer of a water body where there is sufficient sunlight penetration to support photosynthesis), then at 5-foot intervals to the bottom of the water column. Three rapid-assessment field kits were used to determine semi-quantitative values of three cyanotoxins (anatoxin, cylindrospermopsin, and microcystin) at each sampling site. Chlorophyll-a and pheophytin-a were analyzed by the Trinity River Authority Central Laboratory in Dallas, Texas. Cyanobacterial and cyanotoxin genes were analyzed by the USGS Ohio Water Microbiology Laboratory in Columbus, Ohio. The USGS Organic Geochemistry Research Laboratory in Lawrence, Kansas analyzed for cyanotoxins and taste-and-odor compounds. PhycoTech, Inc. in St. Joseph, Michigan analyzed phytoplankton taxonomy and biomass. Taxonomic names within this data release are from PhycoTech's taxonomic naming convention and may differ from the taxonomic names listed in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System database (ITIS, 2022). Engineering Performance Solutions in Jacksonville, Florida analyzed for MIB and geosmin. Samples were analyzed for suspended solids, nutrients, and major ions by the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory (NWQL) in Denver, Colorado. Water-quality field properties (water temperature, dissolved-oxygen concentration, pH, specific conductance, turbidity, chlorophyll florescence (RFU & density), phycocyanin florescence (RFU & density), irradiance, and Secchi depth) were also measured at each sampling site. NWQL terms "parameter codes" and "parameter descriptions" were retained in the water-quality dataset when referring to water-quality field properties and constituents.

In cooperation with the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) utilized various field and laboratory methods to determine the presence and concentration of cyanobacteria, cyanotoxins, and taste-and-odor compounds in Texas water bodies. This data release documents the results from water-quality samples collected from 41 water bodies in Texas during 2016–19. Both qualitative and quantitative field and laboratory methods were performed. Analyses included phytoplankton taxonomy, measurements of phytoplankton biomass, and concentrations of cyanotoxins, taste-and-odor compounds, and photosynthetic pigments. Water-quality samples were also collected to provide supporting data and document existing conditions. These supporting data included dissolved solids, major ions, nutrients, and organic carbon. The study began in water year 2016 (WY16). A water year is defined as the 12-month period from October 1 through September 30 and is designated by the calendar year in which it ends. During water year 2016 and 2017, water-quality samples were analyzed for total and dissolved cyanotoxin concentrations (anatoxin, cylindrospermopsin, domoic acid, microcystin [total and 10 congeners], nodularin, okadaic acid, and saxitoxin), taste-and-odor compounds (methylisoborneol [MIB] and geosmin), chlorophyll a, pheophytin a, major ions (calcium, chloride, fluoride, magnesium, potassium, silica, sodium, and sulfate), and nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorous, and multiple species of each nutrient). In water year 2018 (WY18), analyses of cyanobacterial- and cyanotoxin gene concentrations were added to the study. In water year 2019 (WY19), the study design further expanded to include In-Situ Aqua TROLL sensors to compare the field values with the EXO2 multiparameter sonde. Each reservoir had one sampling site with the exception of three reservoirs at the beginning of WY2016. At those three reservoirs, only selected water-quality field properties were measured on site at 1-2 sampling sites —there were no water-quality samples collected at these sites. At all other sampling sites, water-quality field properties were measured every foot of the water column until the irradiance was 1 percent of the irradiance measured at the surface of the water column. Subsequently, water-quality field properties were measured every five feet to the bottom of the water column. Three rapid-assessment field kits were used to determine semi-quantitative values of three cyanotoxins (anatoxin, cylindrospermopsin, and microcystin) at each sampling site. Chlorophyll-a and pheophytin-a were analyzed by the Trinity River Authority Central Laboratory in Dallas, Texas. Cyanobacterial and cyanotoxin genes were analyzed by the USGS Ohio Water Microbiology Laboratory in Columbus, Ohio. The USGS Organic Geochemistry Research Laboratory in Lawrence, Kansas analyzed for cyanotoxins and taste-and-odor compounds. PhycoTech, Inc. determined phytoplankton taxonomy and biomass. Engineering Performance Solutions in Jacksonville, Florida analyzed for MIB and geosmin. Samples were analyzed for nutrients and major ions by the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory in Denver, Colorado. Water-quality field properties (water temperature, dissolved-oxygen concentration, pH, specific conductance, turbidity, chlorophyll density, chlorophyll fluorescence, phycocyanin density, phycocyanin fluorescence, irradiance, and Secchi depth) were also measured at each sampling site. Water-quality field properties and water-quality constituents are commonly referred to as “parameters” by analytical laboratories, and laboratory terminology for the datasets described in this data release were retained.

In cooperation with the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) used various field and laboratory methods to determine the presence and concentration of cyanobacteria, cyanotoxins, and taste-and-odor compounds in selected Texas water bodies. This data release documents the results from water-quality samples collected from 12 water bodies in Texas during water year 2020 (WY20) and 2021 (WY21). A water year is defined as the 12-month period from October 1 through September 30 and is designated by the calendar year in which it ends. Both qualitative and quantitative field and laboratory methods were performed. Analyses included phytoplankton taxonomy, measurements of phytoplankton biomass, and concentrations of cyanotoxins, taste-and-odor compounds, and photosynthetic pigments. Water-quality samples were also collected to provide supporting data and document existing conditions. These supporting data included dissolved solids, major ions, nutrients, and organic carbon. Water-quality samples were analyzed for total cyanotoxin concentrations (anatoxin, cylindrospermopsin, domoic acid, microcystin [total and 10 congeners], nodularin, okadaic acid, and saxitoxin), taste-and-odor compound concentration (2-Methylisoborneo [MIB] and geosmin), chlorophyll a, pheophytin a, major ions (calcium, chloride, fluoride, magnesium, potassium, silica, sodium, and sulfate), and nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorous, and multiple species of each nutrient). Analyses of cyanobacterial and cyanotoxin gene concentrations are included. An In-Situ Aqua TROLL multiparameter sonde was deployed concurrently with a YSI EXO2 multiparameter sonde to provide two sets of field values that can be compared. Each reservoir had one sampling site. At each site, depth-integrated samples were collected using a peristaltic pump integrating through the photic zone. The photic zone is the depth when measured irradiance is 1 percent of the irradiance measured at the surface of the water column. Water-quality field properties were measured using the multiparameter sondes at 1-foot intervals in the water column through the photic zone (the upper layer of a water body where there is sufficient sunlight penetration to support photosynthesis), then at 5-foot intervals to the bottom of the water column. Three rapid-assessment field kits were used to determine semi-quantitative values of three cyanotoxins (anatoxin, cylindrospermopsin, and microcystin) at each sampling site. Chlorophyll-a and pheophytin-a were analyzed by the Trinity River Authority Central Laboratory in Dallas, Texas. Cyanobacterial and cyanotoxin genes were analyzed by the USGS Ohio Water Microbiology Laboratory in Columbus, Ohio. The USGS Organic Geochemistry Research Laboratory in Lawrence, Kansas analyzed for cyanotoxins and taste-and-odor compounds. PhycoTech, Inc. in St. Joseph, Michigan analyzed phytoplankton taxonomy and biomass. Taxonomic names within this data release are from PhycoTech's taxonomic naming convention and may differ from the taxonomic names listed in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System database (ITIS, 2022). Engineering Performance Solutions in Jacksonville, Florida analyzed for MIB and geosmin. Samples were analyzed for suspended solids, nutrients, and major ions by the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory (NWQL) in Denver, Colorado. Water-quality field properties (water temperature, dissolved-oxygen concentration, pH, specific conductance, turbidity, chlorophyll florescence (RFU & density), phycocyanin florescence (RFU & density), irradiance, and Secchi depth) were also measured at each sampling site. NWQL terms "parameter codes" and "parameter descriptions" were retained in the water-quality dataset when referring to water-quality field properties and constituents.

In cooperation with the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) used various field and laboratory methods to determine the presence and concentration of cyanobacteria, cyanotoxins, and taste-and-odor compounds in selected Texas water bodies. This data release documents the results from water-quality samples collected from 12 water bodies in Texas during water year 2020 (WY20) and 2021 (WY21). A water year is defined as the 12-month period from October 1 through September 30 and is designated by the calendar year in which it ends. Both qualitative and quantitative field and laboratory methods were performed. Analyses included phytoplankton taxonomy, measurements of phytoplankton biomass, and concentrations of cyanotoxins, taste-and-odor compounds, and photosynthetic pigments. Water-quality samples were also collected to provide supporting data and document existing conditions. These supporting data included dissolved solids, major ions, nutrients, and organic carbon. Water-quality samples were analyzed for total cyanotoxin concentrations (anatoxin, cylindrospermopsin, domoic acid, microcystin [total and 10 congeners], nodularin, okadaic acid, and saxitoxin), taste-and-odor compound concentration (2-Methylisoborneo [MIB] and geosmin), chlorophyll a, pheophytin a, major ions (calcium, chloride, fluoride, magnesium, potassium, silica, sodium, and sulfate), and nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorous, and multiple species of each nutrient). Analyses of cyanobacterial and cyanotoxin gene concentrations are included. An In-Situ Aqua TROLL multiparameter sonde was deployed concurrently with a YSI EXO2 multiparameter sonde to provide two sets of field values that can be compared. Each reservoir had one sampling site. At each site, depth-integrated samples were collected using a peristaltic pump integrating through the photic zone. The photic zone is the depth when measured irradiance is 1 percent of the irradiance measured at the surface of the water column. Water-quality field properties were measured using the multiparameter sondes at 1-foot intervals in the water column through the photic zone (the upper layer of a water body where there is sufficient sunlight penetration to support photosynthesis), then at 5-foot intervals to the bottom of the water column. Three rapid-assessment field kits were used to determine semi-quantitative values of three cyanotoxins (anatoxin, cylindrospermopsin, and microcystin) at each sampling site. Chlorophyll-a and pheophytin-a were analyzed by the Trinity River Authority Central Laboratory in Dallas, Texas. Cyanobacterial and cyanotoxin genes were analyzed by the USGS Ohio Water Microbiology Laboratory in Columbus, Ohio. The USGS Organic Geochemistry Research Laboratory in Lawrence, Kansas analyzed for cyanotoxins and taste-and-odor compounds. PhycoTech, Inc. in St. Joseph, Michigan analyzed phytoplankton taxonomy and biomass. Taxonomic names within this data release are from PhycoTech's taxonomic naming convention and may differ from the taxonomic names listed in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System database (ITIS, 2022). Engineering Performance Solutions in Jacksonville, Florida analyzed for MIB and geosmin. Samples were analyzed for suspended solids, nutrients, and major ions by the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory (NWQL) in Denver, Colorado. Water-quality field properties (water temperature, dissolved-oxygen concentration, pH, specific conductance, turbidity, chlorophyll florescence (RFU & density), phycocyanin florescence (RFU & density), irradiance, and Secchi depth) were also measured at each sampling site. NWQL terms "parameter codes" and "parameter descriptions" were retained in the water-quality dataset when referring to water-quality field properties and constituents.