These data include a summary of a base flow survey of the Verde River within Verde Valley, a ~65km reach from ~7 km above Clarkdale, AZ to ~5km below the mouth of West Clear Creek. Data include discharge, water temperature, and specific conductance values from 22 sites on the Verde River and its tributaries, including Oak Creek, Beaver Creek, West Clear Creek, and irrigation ditches. These data also include channel cross section and stream velocity information from discharge measurements made at each site on January 12 and 13, 2021. Discharge measurements were performed by USGS Arizona personnel by standard USGS methods using acoustic doppler velocimeters and mechanical current meters.

This dataset includes vertical velocity profiles and river discharge at cross section of interest where velocity measurements were taken on the Arkansas and South Platte Rivers in Colorado and the Salcha and Tanana Rivers in Alaska. Each profile contains measurements at various depths at the y-axis, which is the vertical in the cross-sectional profile where the maximum velocity (umax) occurs. These measurements were taken using a FlowTracker, FlowTracker2 ® instrument (FlowTracker2, 2020) when wading was possible; if wading was not possible, measurements were taken from a boat using an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) under stationary bed conditions. Data are presented in a comma separated value (CSV) file.

This dataset includes vertical velocity profiles and river discharge at cross section of interest where velocity measurements were taken on the Arkansas and South Platte Rivers in Colorado and the Salcha and Tanana Rivers in Alaska. Each profile contains measurements at various depths at the y-axis, which is the vertical in the cross-sectional profile where the maximum velocity (umax) occurs. These measurements were taken using a FlowTracker, FlowTracker2 ® instrument (FlowTracker2, 2020) when wading was possible; if wading was not possible, measurements were taken from a boat using an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) under stationary bed conditions. Data are presented in a comma separated value (CSV) file.

IMPORTANT NOTE: This dataset includes spatial locations where streamflow permanence observations (continuous flow, discontinuous flow, and dry) were recorded using the FLOwPER (FLOw PERmanence) field survey available in the Survey 123 mobile data collection application. Additional information to describe the field conditions are included as part of the survey. Field observations in the FLOwPER Database have not been processed for quality control including spatial data accuracy or association with a stream network such as the National Hydrography Dataset. Streamflow permanence observations are collected from several governmental and non-governmental organizations on a continuing basis. This data release is formatted as a shapefile that includes streamflow permanence observations with associated information. Photographs associated with FLOwPER data observations are included. The spatial extent of this dataset is the western United States and includes the following states: Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, Alabama, and Alaska.

The 'Channel Width' shapefile data are measurements of the active channel width of the Green River at 1-km intervals in and near Canyonlands National Park, Utah. The active channel was defined as the area of the wetted, or inundated, channel as visible on aerial photographs plus the area of bare (free of vegetation) sand and gravel bars. The active channel for each aerial photograph series was hand digitized on a computer screen in ArcGIS version 9.2. The 'Mineral Bottom' csv data are river channel cross-sections for a 3-km study reach of the Green River upstream from Mineral Bottom, Utah. The study reach is near the mouth of Hell Roaring Canyon, 5 km upstream from the Mineral Bottom boat ramp, which is 85 km upstream from the confluence of the Green River with the Colorado River. Six cross-sections were originally established by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in June 1995. Additional cross-sections were added by Utah State University in August 1995. A subset of the cross-sections (where original monuments were found) were re-surveyed by the U.S. Geological Survey Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center in cooperation with Utah State University in June 2015. These raster data are aerial images and digital elevation models (DEMs) for segments of the Green River in and near Canyonlands National Park, Utah. The aerial images depict the river channel and adjacent floodplains for most of the corridor of the Green River in Canyonlands National Park. The images were aquired from public sources and orthorectified and mosaiced for this study. The DEMs cover the river channel and adjacent floodplain for the Fort Bottom segment of the Green River within Canyonlands National Park and included both bathymetric and topographic data. The bathymetric data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center with funding provided by the National Park Service. The topographic data are airborne lidar data that were collected for the state of Utah by a contractor.

The 'Channel Width' shapefile data are measurements of the active channel width of the Green River at 1-km intervals in and near Canyonlands National Park, Utah. The active channel was defined as the area of the wetted, or inundated, channel as visible on aerial photographs plus the area of bare (free of vegetation) sand and gravel bars. The active channel for each aerial photograph series was hand digitized on a computer screen in ArcGIS version 9.2. The 'Mineral Bottom' csv data are river channel cross-sections for a 3-km study reach of the Green River upstream from Mineral Bottom, Utah. The study reach is near the mouth of Hell Roaring Canyon, 5 km upstream from the Mineral Bottom boat ramp, which is 85 km upstream from the confluence of the Green River with the Colorado River. Six cross-sections were originally established by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in June 1995. Additional cross-sections were added by Utah State University in August 1995. A subset of the cross-sections (where original monuments were found) were re-surveyed by the U.S. Geological Survey Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center in cooperation with Utah State University in June 2015. These raster data are aerial images and digital elevation models (DEMs) for segments of the Green River in and near Canyonlands National Park, Utah. The aerial images depict the river channel and adjacent floodplains for most of the corridor of the Green River in Canyonlands National Park. The images were aquired from public sources and orthorectified and mosaiced for this study. The DEMs cover the river channel and adjacent floodplain for the Fort Bottom segment of the Green River within Canyonlands National Park and included both bathymetric and topographic data. The bathymetric data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center with funding provided by the National Park Service. The topographic data are airborne lidar data that were collected for the state of Utah by a contractor.

This digital dataset contains 61 sets of annual streamflow gains and losses between 1961 and 1977 along Central Valley surface-water network for the Central Valley Hydrologic Model (CVHM). The Central Valley encompasses an approximate 50,000 square-kilometer region of California. The complex hydrologic system of the Central Valley is simulated using the USGS's numerical modeling code MODFLOW-FMP (Schmid and others, 2006). This simulation is referred to here as the CVHM (Faunt, 2009). Utilizing MODFLOW-FMP, the CVHM simulates groundwater and surface-water flow, irrigated agriculture, land subsidence, and other key processes in the Central Valley on a monthly basis from 1961-2003. The total active modeled area is 20,334 square-miles. The CVHM includes complex surface-water management processes. The hydrology of the present-day Central Valley and the CVHM model are driven by surface-water deliveries and associated groundwater pumpage. The Streamflow Routing Package (SFR1) is linked to MODFLOW-FMP to facilitate the simulated conveyance of surface-water deliveries. If surface-water deliveries do not meet the farm-delivery requirement, the FMP invokes simulated groundwater pumping to meet the demand. The surface-water network represents a subset of the entire stream network in the valley. Quantitative observations of streamflow gains and losses were available for 57 reaches of 20 major stream systems in the Central Valley for water years 1961-77 (Mullen and Nady, 1985). These observations were included in parameter estimation process and in the model-fit statistics. The CVHM is the most recent regional-scale model of the Central Valley developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The CVHM was developed as part of the USGS Groundwater Resources Program (see "Foreword", Chapter A, page iii, for details).

This digital dataset contains 61 sets of annual streamflow gains and losses between 1961 and 1977 along Central Valley surface-water network for the Central Valley Hydrologic Model (CVHM). The Central Valley encompasses an approximate 50,000 square-kilometer region of California. The complex hydrologic system of the Central Valley is simulated using the USGS's numerical modeling code MODFLOW-FMP (Schmid and others, 2006). This simulation is referred to here as the CVHM (Faunt, 2009). Utilizing MODFLOW-FMP, the CVHM simulates groundwater and surface-water flow, irrigated agriculture, land subsidence, and other key processes in the Central Valley on a monthly basis from 1961-2003. The total active modeled area is 20,334 square-miles. The CVHM includes complex surface-water management processes. The hydrology of the present-day Central Valley and the CVHM model are driven by surface-water deliveries and associated groundwater pumpage. The Streamflow Routing Package (SFR1) is linked to MODFLOW-FMP to facilitate the simulated conveyance of surface-water deliveries. If surface-water deliveries do not meet the farm-delivery requirement, the FMP invokes simulated groundwater pumping to meet the demand. The surface-water network represents a subset of the entire stream network in the valley. Quantitative observations of streamflow gains and losses were available for 57 reaches of 20 major stream systems in the Central Valley for water years 1961-77 (Mullen and Nady, 1985). These observations were included in parameter estimation process and in the model-fit statistics. The CVHM is the most recent regional-scale model of the Central Valley developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The CVHM was developed as part of the USGS Groundwater Resources Program (see "Foreword", Chapter A, page iii, for details).

This dataset includes streamflow measurements collected at six sites in Pinnacles National Park during 2018. Data collection occurred at times when the streamflow did not include runoff from precipitation. The wading method was used to measure streamflow (Nolan, K.M. and Shields, R.R., 2000, Measurement of stream discharge by wading, U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4036, 106 p.). By this method, the stream channel cross section is divided into subsections. For each subsection, a tape measure is used to measure the distance from the left stream bank (as facing downstream), a wading rod is used to measure the channel depth, and a velocity meter attached to the wading rod is used to measure the water velocity. For shallow stream depths, such as those at the six measurement sites, velocity is typically measured at a position that is 60 percent of the total water depth. The volumetric streamflow rate for each subsection is calculated as the product of the width, depth, and velocity of the subsection. The width of each subsection extends from the depth measurement to points that are halfway to the preceding and following depth measurement points along the stream transect. The total flow rate is calculated as the sum of the flow rates over all subsections. Total flow rates at the six sites are small, ranging from 0.06 to 0.17 cubic feet per second. These rates are considered approximate because of the non-ideal stream channel conditions at some sites and the low stream velocities.

This dataset includes streamflow measurements collected at six sites in Pinnacles National Park during 2018. Data collection occurred at times when the streamflow did not include runoff from precipitation. The wading method was used to measure streamflow (Nolan, K.M. and Shields, R.R., 2000, Measurement of stream discharge by wading, U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4036, 106 p.). By this method, the stream channel cross section is divided into subsections. For each subsection, a tape measure is used to measure the distance from the left stream bank (as facing downstream), a wading rod is used to measure the channel depth, and a velocity meter attached to the wading rod is used to measure the water velocity. For shallow stream depths, such as those at the six measurement sites, velocity is typically measured at a position that is 60 percent of the total water depth. The volumetric streamflow rate for each subsection is calculated as the product of the width, depth, and velocity of the subsection. The width of each subsection extends from the depth measurement to points that are halfway to the preceding and following depth measurement points along the stream transect. The total flow rate is calculated as the sum of the flow rates over all subsections. Total flow rates at the six sites are small, ranging from 0.06 to 0.17 cubic feet per second. These rates are considered approximate because of the non-ideal stream channel conditions at some sites and the low stream velocities.