This dataset includes vertical velocity profiles and river discharges at cross sections of interest acquired at the Arkansas and South Platte Rivers in Colorado and the Salcha and Tanana Rivers in Alaska. Velocity measurements were measured at various depths at the y-axis, which is the vertical in the cross section where the maximum velocity (umax) occurs. When wading was possible, velocity and depth measurements were recorded using a Flowtracker2 ® instrument (SonTek, 2020). When wading was not possible, stationary bed measurements were recorded using an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP)s. Data are presented in a comma separated value (.csv) file.

This dataset includes vertical velocity profiles and river discharges at cross sections of interest acquired at the Arkansas and South Platte Rivers in Colorado and the Salcha and Tanana Rivers in Alaska. Velocity measurements were measured at various depths at the y-axis, which is the vertical in the cross section where the maximum velocity (umax) occurs. When wading was possible, velocity and depth measurements were recorded using a Flowtracker2 ® instrument (SonTek, 2020). When wading was not possible, stationary bed measurements were recorded using an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP)s. Data are presented in a comma separated value (.csv) file.

This dataset contains survey data including wading and real-time kinematic (RTK) Global Positioning System (GPS) of water surface elevation and channel bed topography at cross section 5 (xs5) on March 20, 2018, which is adjacent to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgage at Arkansas River at Parkdale, Colorado (USGS 07094500). The RTK Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) surveys were performed using a local base station associated with the streamgage and Trimble R8 ® and R10 ® receivers while wading the channel at xs5. The survey data were post-processed by performing the National Oceanic and Atmopheric Administration Online Positioning User Service (OPUS) correction of the static observations collected by the base and adjusting all the survey points accordingly. The survey data were exported to comma separated text (.csv) files, and the resulting file contains a survey point identification, spatial coordinates, elevations in meters above North American Vertical Datum of 1988, and a descriptive code for each point number. The data release also provides a channel cross-sectional area for each river stage in 0.01-meter increments derived from the survey data.

This dataset contains survey data including wading and real-time kinematic (RTK) Global Positioning System (GPS) of water surface elevation and channel bed topography at cross section 5 (xs5) on March 20, 2018, which is adjacent to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgage at Arkansas River at Parkdale, Colorado (USGS 07094500). The RTK Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) surveys were performed using a local base station associated with the streamgage and Trimble R8 ® and R10 ® receivers while wading the channel at xs5. The survey data were post-processed by performing the National Oceanic and Atmopheric Administration Online Positioning User Service (OPUS) correction of the static observations collected by the base and adjusting all the survey points accordingly. The survey data were exported to comma separated text (.csv) files, and the resulting file contains a survey point identification, spatial coordinates, elevations in meters above North American Vertical Datum of 1988, and a descriptive code for each point number. The data release also provides a channel cross-sectional area for each river stage in 0.01-meter increments derived from the survey data.

These data include a summary of a base flow survey of the Verde River within Verde Valley, a ~65km reach from ~7 km above Clarkdale, AZ to ~5km below the mouth of West Clear Creek. Data include discharge, water temperature, and specific conductance values from 22 sites on the Verde River and its tributaries, including Oak Creek, Beaver Creek, West Clear Creek, and irrigation ditches. These data also include channel cross section and stream velocity information from discharge measurements made at each site on January 12 and 13, 2021. Discharge measurements were performed by USGS Arizona personnel by standard USGS methods using acoustic doppler velocimeters and mechanical current meters.

These data include a summary of a base flow survey of the Verde River within Verde Valley, a ~65km reach from ~7 km above Clarkdale, AZ to ~5km below the mouth of West Clear Creek. Data include discharge, water temperature, and specific conductance values from 22 sites on the Verde River and its tributaries, including Oak Creek, Beaver Creek, West Clear Creek, and irrigation ditches. These data also include channel cross section and stream velocity information from discharge measurements made at each site on January 12 and 13, 2021. Discharge measurements were performed by USGS Arizona personnel by standard USGS methods using acoustic doppler velocimeters and mechanical current meters.

This dataset was compiled to summarize discharge measurements from several published groundwater and surface-water studies in the Ozarks of southern Missouri and northern Arkansas. The discharge measurements were part of numerous USGS studies to assess interaction between streams and groundwater aquifers. A gaining stream is described as a surface-water stream that gains water from the groundwater aquifer and a losing stream is described as a surface-water stream that loses water to the groundwater aquifer. This product is intended to be used in surface-water and groundwater investigations assessing water quantity, quality, and availability. The product includes flow-line data digitized along National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) flow lines and between adjacent discharge measurements (that is, seepage flow-line reaches). The seepage flow-line reaches include a calculation to determine if discharge between the upstream and downstream measurement points is increasing (termed "Gain"), decreasing (termed "Lose"), or remaining neutral if the net change in discharge is not greater than the error (termed "Neutral"). Original seepage-run studies included estimates of discharge measurement error and some studies estimated error along the seepage flow-line reach; however, because of the variety of ways that error was calculated in the original studies and to create a consistent error estimation for the entire spatial dataset, error was assumed to be 10% of the largest discharge measurement along the seepage flow-line reach. Contribution of discharge from tributaries and springs that emerge before flowing into the stream was taken into account, such that the net change in discharge between the upstream and downstream measurement points was calculated as the downstream discharge minus the total discharge from the upstream measurement point and from tributaries/springs. This calculation quantifies the amount of groundwater flow entering the stream as diffuse or point discharge, presumably into the stream bed. The net change in discharge was additionally calculated as the downstream discharge minus the total discharge from both the upstream measurement point and from surface-water tributaries only. This calculation quantifies the amount of groundwater entering the stream as discrete springs adjacent to the stream and diffuse or point groundwater flow directly to the stream bed. A positive net change in discharge results in the seepage flow-line reach gaining discharge (that is, "Gain") and a negative net change in discharge results in the seepage flow-line reach losing discharge (that is, "Lose"). Designations of gaining, losing, or neutral streams may vary between this dataset and the original studies because of differences in how error was calculated and other interpretations made in the seepage-run studies. Users are encouraged to refer to the source reports for further details about data collection methods, results, and interpretations of stream-aquifer dynamics. This spatial dataset is meant to provide a digital compilation of seepage studies in the Ozarks and to create a consistent dataset across studies completed over 24 years.

The U.S. Geological Survey deployed eight submersible pressure transducers In the Arkansas River at Parkdale, Colorado on March 19, 2018. An additional transducer was left out of the water to correct for barometric pressure fluctuations. At the time of deployment and recovery, the coordinates of the top of the post to which the transducer was secured was surveyed with real-time kinematic Global Navigation Satellite System surveying equipment. Also at the time of deployment and recovery, the offset between the location on the transducer that records stage and the top of the post to which the transducer was secured was measured with an engineering ruler. The transducers collected a depth measurement every 1-min until the recovery of all eight transducers on March 22, 2018. The water-surface elevation was determined by averaging the offset and coordinates of the post collected at the time of deployment and recovery and adding the water depth collected by the transducer. The data included as part of this release include the horizontal location of the eight transducers and the average water-surface elevation during deployment. In addition, the date, time, barometric pressure compensated depth measurement, and computed water-surface elevation are reported for all eight transducers for the entire deployment.

The U.S. Geological Survey deployed eight submersible pressure transducers In the Arkansas River at Parkdale, Colorado on March 19, 2018. An additional transducer was left out of the water to correct for barometric pressure fluctuations. At the time of deployment and recovery, the coordinates of the top of the post to which the transducer was secured was surveyed with real-time kinematic Global Navigation Satellite System surveying equipment. Also at the time of deployment and recovery, the offset between the location on the transducer that records stage and the top of the post to which the transducer was secured was measured with an engineering ruler. The transducers collected a depth measurement every 1-min until the recovery of all eight transducers on March 22, 2018. The water-surface elevation was determined by averaging the offset and coordinates of the post collected at the time of deployment and recovery and adding the water depth collected by the transducer. The data included as part of this release include the horizontal location of the eight transducers and the average water-surface elevation during deployment. In addition, the date, time, barometric pressure compensated depth measurement, and computed water-surface elevation are reported for all eight transducers for the entire deployment.

This dataset was compiled to summarize discharge measurements from several published groundwater and surface-water studies in the Ozarks of southern Missouri and northern Arkansas. The discharge measurements were part of numerous USGS studies to assess interaction between streams and groundwater aquifers. A gaining stream is described as a surface-water stream that gains water from the groundwater aquifer and a losing stream is described as a surface-water stream that loses water to the groundwater aquifer. This product is intended to be used in surface-water and groundwater investigations assessing water quantity, quality, and availability. The product includes point data of discharge measurements digitized from previously published USGS studies.