This worksheet displays the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses of samples from the Ironwood Iron-Formation. Samples were analyzed using a PANalytical X'Pert Pro diffractometer using Co radiation and the results interpreted using Highscore Plus v.4.5. Mineral abundances were determined by Rietveld refinement.

These data comprise various SEM images from drill cores and outcrops in the Ironwood Iron-Formation.

This dataset comprises photomicrographs from drill core and outcrop samples from the Ironwood Iron-Formation in the Gogebic Iron Range, Wisconsin, USA.

These data comprise chemical analyses in weight percent of oxides, as well as chlorine and fluorine, conducted using a JEOL JXA-8900 electron microprobe analyzer (EPMA) on amphiboles, pyroxenes, and carbonates in the Ironwood Iron-Formation.

This data release is a compilation of a literature search of published core X-ray diffraction (XRD) data for the Permian Basin Barnett and Woodford Shales, and includes data from: the Reliance Triple Crown 1 (RTC 1) well of Pecos County, Texas; Fasken Fee BM SWD 1 well of Andrews County, Texas; the M G Nevill well of Culberson County, Texas; the Mesquite 1 well of Hamilton County, Texas; the Fasken Fee BK 1514 well of Ector County, Texas; and Ross Draw Unit 5 well of Eddy County, New Mexico. The compiled data help advance the understanding of the stratigraphy, mineralogy, geomechanical properties, and depositional environment of these continuous hydrocarbon reservoirs in both the Midland Basin and Delaware Basin. The XRD data include but are not limited to weight percent (wt%) of albite, apatite, calcite, chlorite, dolomite, feldspar, illite, kaolinite, magnesite, mica, norsethite, orthoclase, plagioclase, pyrite, quartz, siderite, smectite, and total organic carbon (TOC).

This data release is a compilation of a literature search of published core X-ray diffraction (XRD) data for the Permian Basin Barnett and Woodford Shales, and includes data from: the Reliance Triple Crown 1 (RTC 1) well of Pecos County, Texas; Fasken Fee BM SWD 1 well of Andrews County, Texas; the M G Nevill well of Culberson County, Texas; the Mesquite 1 well of Hamilton County, Texas; the Fasken Fee BK 1514 well of Ector County, Texas; and Ross Draw Unit 5 well of Eddy County, New Mexico. The compiled data help advance the understanding of the stratigraphy, mineralogy, geomechanical properties, and depositional environment of these continuous hydrocarbon reservoirs in both the Midland Basin and Delaware Basin. The XRD data include but are not limited to weight percent (wt%) of albite, apatite, calcite, chlorite, dolomite, feldspar, illite, kaolinite, magnesite, mica, norsethite, orthoclase, plagioclase, pyrite, quartz, siderite, smectite, and total organic carbon (TOC).

Multispectral remote sensing data acquired by Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) sensor were analyzed using an automated technique to generate surficial mineralogy and vegetation maps of the conterminous western United States. Six spectral indices (e.g. band-ratios), highlighting distinct spectral absorptions, were developed to aid in the identification of mineral groups in exposed rocks, soils, mine waste rock, and mill tailings across the landscape. The data are centered on the Western U.S. and cover portions of Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, the Canada-U.S. border, and the Mexico-U.S. border during the summers of 2013 – 2014. Methods used to process the images and algorithms used to infer mineralogical composition of surficial materials are detailed in Rockwell and others (2021) and were similar to those developed by Rockwell (2012; 2013). Final maps are provided as ERDAS IMAGINE (.img) thematic raster images and contain pixel values representing mineral and vegetation group classifications. Rockwell, B.W., 2012, Description and validation of an automated methodology for mapping mineralogy, vegetation, and hydrothermal alteration type from ASTER satellite imagery with examples from the San Juan Mountains, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3190, 35 p. pamphlet, 5 map sheets, scale 1:100,000, http://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.2769.9365. Rockwell, B.W., 2013, Automated mapping of mineral groups and green vegetation from Landsat Thematic Mapper imagery with an example from the San Juan Mountains, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3252, 25 p. pamphlet, 1 map sheet, scale 1:325,000, http://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.2507.7925. Rockwell, B.W., Gnesda, W.R., and Hofstra, A.H., 2021, Improved automated identification and mapping of iron sulfate minerals, other mineral groups, and vegetation from Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager Data: San Juan Mountains, Colorado, and Four Corners Region: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3466, scale 1:325,000, 51 p. pamphlet, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3466/.

Multispectral remote sensing data acquired by Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) sensor were analyzed using an automated technique to generate surficial mineralogy and vegetation maps of the conterminous western United States. Six spectral indices (e.g. band-ratios), highlighting distinct spectral absorptions, were developed to aid in the identification of mineral groups in exposed rocks, soils, mine waste rock, and mill tailings across the landscape. The data are centered on the Western U.S. and cover portions of Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, the Canada-U.S. border, and the Mexico-U.S. border during the summers of 2013 – 2014. Methods used to process the images and algorithms used to infer mineralogical composition of surficial materials are detailed in Rockwell and others (2021) and were similar to those developed by Rockwell (2012; 2013). Final maps are provided as ERDAS IMAGINE (.img) thematic raster images and contain pixel values representing mineral and vegetation group classifications. Rockwell, B.W., 2012, Description and validation of an automated methodology for mapping mineralogy, vegetation, and hydrothermal alteration type from ASTER satellite imagery with examples from the San Juan Mountains, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3190, 35 p. pamphlet, 5 map sheets, scale 1:100,000, http://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.2769.9365. Rockwell, B.W., 2013, Automated mapping of mineral groups and green vegetation from Landsat Thematic Mapper imagery with an example from the San Juan Mountains, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3252, 25 p. pamphlet, 1 map sheet, scale 1:325,000, http://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.2507.7925. Rockwell, B.W., Gnesda, W.R., and Hofstra, A.H., 2021, Improved automated identification and mapping of iron sulfate minerals, other mineral groups, and vegetation from Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager Data: San Juan Mountains, Colorado, and Four Corners Region: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3466, scale 1:325,000, 51 p. pamphlet, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3466/.

These data represent laboratory reflectance measurements conducted on a suite of sandstone, tuffaceous mudstone and claystone rocks and sediment, which are known host and source materials for roll front Uranium deposits mined throughout the South Texas Coastal Plains. Visible through Near Infrared through Shortwave Infrared (~0.4 - 2.5 microns) reflectance were measured using an artificial light source attached to an Analytical Spectral Devices (ASD) spectrometer. A total of 125 spectra were measured and analyzed, representing samples from nine former open-pit mine sites excavating rocks from four different mapped geologic units, including rocks and sediments from the Jackson Group, Catahoula, Oakville and Goliad Formations. These spectra represent averages of a larger set of 569 random surface reflectance measurements, most of which yielded redundant spectral shapes, which were reduced to a smaller but more representative dataset. The data were obtained in support of studies aimed at mapping uranium mine waste features throughout portions Karnes, Atascosa and Live Oak counties along the South Texas Coastal Plain. Each of the nine mine sites are geolocated within the included point shapefiles. Geographic coordinates are based on those provided within the Uranium assessment report and accompanying GIS supplemental data provided in the following associated reference: Hall, S.M., Mihalasky, M.J., Tureck, K.R., Hammarstrom, J.M., and Hannon, M.T., 2017. Genetic and grade and tonnage models for sandstone-hosted roll-type uranium deposits, Texas Coastal Plain, USA. Ore Geology Reviews, volume 80, pages 716-753.

Variability in sediment properties with depth and the thickness of individual sedimentary layers are critical determinants of seabed acoustic response. The New England Mud Patch (NEMP), located south of Cape Cod, is an unusual feature on the U.S. Continental Shelf in that it is composed of fine-grained sediment layers containing a relatively-homogeneous mix of sand, silt, and clay-sized particles bounded by more typical sandy shelf sediments. The unique characteristics and nature of this deposit is due to a derivation of sediments that have been transported to, and deposited in, a basal bowl-shaped depression since the last glacial maximum. Ninety-two piston, vibra-, and gravity cores with a maximum length of 8.2 meters were collected from across the New England Mud Patch during a 2-leg, 10-day cruise aboard the R/V Endeavor in the spring of 2016. Geologic characterization and analysis of a subset of the cores including grain size, CaCO3, mineral composition, and bulk index properties (undrained shear strength, water content, density, and porosity) of discrete samples was carried out at the USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center's (WHCMSC) Sediment Analysis Laboratory. This data release contains the results of these analyses, along with visual core descriptions and summary sheets for each core analyzed for this study.