Each year from 2021 to 2024, teams from the U.S. Geological Survey and the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) studied 30 streams with a targeted gradient of land use and conservation practices across the Chesapeake Bay Watershed. The four years of the study cover the following geographic areas and land use characteristics (generally referred to as typologies in associated data sets): Shenandoah Valley and Ridge pasture Delmarva row crop Pennsylvania and Maryland Piedmont mixed agriculture Maryland-Washington, DC-Virginia developed Piedmont The data here provide site names and basic identifiers that are commonly used in the many data releases associated with the larger study and serve as a key to match site ID with locations and data. Specific site location is limited to a HUC12 scale due to requests of privacy from landowners who granted access and permission.

These data include estimates of landcover and land use characteristics including high phytoestrogen crop cover, estimated pesticide applications, EPA PFAS facilities, nutrients from biosolids, and select climate (temperature and precipitation) variables summarized for several fish health sites in the eastern United States.

These data include estimates of landcover and land use characteristics including high phytoestrogen crop cover, estimated pesticide applications, EPA PFAS facilities, nutrients from biosolids, and select climate (temperature and precipitation) variables summarized for several fish health sites in the eastern United States.

Freshwater salinization is an emerging issue for freshwater environments in the Chesapeake Bay, USA region. Salinization is often described by measurements of specific conductance (SC). This data release contains specific conductance observations collected by multiple regional agencies for streams within the Chesapeake Bay Watershed. This inventory compiles and harmonizes data from the Water Quality Portal (WQP), which is a data repository developed by the National Water Quality Monitoring Council and supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Geological Survey, and the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System (NWIS). Both discrete measures of SC, which are single measures taken on a particular time and day, and continuous measures of SC, which are repeated measures of SC taken at regular, short intervals, such as 15-minute or hourly intervals, were compiled for this data release. The discrete data were also processed to screen out non-relevant observations and harmonize units. The WQP uses "MonitoringLocationIdentifier" to identify each unique site and monitoring activities, and this term is used throughout the data release to differentiate among unique sites and monitoring activities as well. The data release includes four items: 1. ["Site_inventory_for_specific_conductance_measures.csv"]: This is a site inventory of all locations where SC data had been collected and compiled for the data release. This file includes information on the monitoring location (coordinates, state, and county), the organization responsible for the data collection, the type of data available (discrete, continuous, or both) and its unique monitoring location and activity. 2. ["Discrete_specific_conductance_results.txt"]: This file contains all discrete SC observations. Identifying information (coordinates, monitoring location name and identifier), along with the observation value, units, and multiple flagging columns which denoted whether any changes were made to the observation or units during the processing steps. Full details are included in the "readme_file_for_Ches_Bay_specific_conductance_inventory.pdf" file. 3. ["Continuous_specific_conductance_results.zip"]: This zipped folder contains 89 .csv files for all the continuous USGS SC data available in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Each file name includes each unique MonitoringLocationIdentifier. 4. ["readme_file_for_Ches_Bay_specific_conductance_inventory.pdf"]: This document describes all the processing and harmonization steps to generate the site inventory and discrete SC dataset, and for downloading the high frequency SC datasets.

Freshwater salinization is an emerging issue for freshwater environments in the Chesapeake Bay, USA region. Salinization is often described by measurements of specific conductance (SC). This data release contains specific conductance observations collected by multiple regional agencies for streams within the Chesapeake Bay Watershed. This inventory compiles and harmonizes data from the Water Quality Portal (WQP), which is a data repository developed by the National Water Quality Monitoring Council and supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Geological Survey, and the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System (NWIS). Both discrete measures of SC, which are single measures taken on a particular time and day, and continuous measures of SC, which are repeated measures of SC taken at regular, short intervals, such as 15-minute or hourly intervals, were compiled for this data release. The discrete data were also processed to screen out non-relevant observations and harmonize units. The WQP uses "MonitoringLocationIdentifier" to identify each unique site and monitoring activities, and this term is used throughout the data release to differentiate among unique sites and monitoring activities as well. The data release includes four items: 1. ["Site_inventory_for_specific_conductance_measures.csv"]: This is a site inventory of all locations where SC data had been collected and compiled for the data release. This file includes information on the monitoring location (coordinates, state, and county), the organization responsible for the data collection, the type of data available (discrete, continuous, or both) and its unique monitoring location and activity. 2. ["Discrete_specific_conductance_results.txt"]: This file contains all discrete SC observations. Identifying information (coordinates, monitoring location name and identifier), along with the observation value, units, and multiple flagging columns which denoted whether any changes were made to the observation or units during the processing steps. Full details are included in the "readme_file_for_Ches_Bay_specific_conductance_inventory.pdf" file. 3. ["Continuous_specific_conductance_results.zip"]: This zipped folder contains 89 .csv files for all the continuous USGS SC data available in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Each file name includes each unique MonitoringLocationIdentifier. 4. ["readme_file_for_Ches_Bay_specific_conductance_inventory.pdf"]: This document describes all the processing and harmonization steps to generate the site inventory and discrete SC dataset, and for downloading the high frequency SC datasets.

This dataset consists of 262 variables which describe various known and suspected point and non-point sources of contaminants and endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) throughout the Chesapeake Bay Watershed. Contaminant data was summarized to the NHDPlus Version 2.1 catchment level (1:100K). Contaminant data summarized span a time range of 2001 to 2016 and include regulated facilities, pesticides, manure and biosolids application data, mercury deposition, animal feeding applications, septic systems, landfills, and land use and land cover. These data are presented in a comma separated file, which includes all variables summarized and the NHDPlus Version 2.1 FEATUREID field (also known as COMID). The FEATUREID field can be used to relate these summaries to the NHDPlus Version 2.1 data suite for mapping and other analytical purposes. Total (TOT) and Divergent (DIV) upstream summaries were generated using the NHDPlusV2 Catchment Attribute Allocation and Accumulation Tool (CA3TV2). Using this method, upstreams summaries are generated for 82,263 of the 83,637 NHDPlus catchments in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed. These data will be used to investigate source-sink linkages between contaminant sources, water quality issues, and impacted receptor populations (e.g., smallmouth bass) throughout the Bay Watershed. Information gained from this work may also be used to evaluate the success of mitigation activities and help to prioritize new locations for mitigation, implementation of best management practices, or habitat conservation actions.

U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists completed a data collection campaign from the 25th of April to the 10th of June in 2022, using various methods to record geomorphic and habitat indicators throughout 30 streams on the Delmarva Peninsula. Field methods included GNSS surveys, gravelometer-based pebble count readings, visual assessments, and riparian analyses. This metadata record contains all recorded observations from the campaign as well as numerous summary metrics to be used in model development. Those "model-ready" data can be found in Delmarva_Summary_Metrics.csv in the parent item, while the two child items containing recorded in-channel observations and recorded survey data. Attached to this release is a data dictionary containing general information about Delmarva_Summary_Metrics.csv. This information can be found in the Summary_Metrics_Dictionary.csv file. The various data collected in this data release fall into the following categories describing both reach average and heterogeneity: - Study Information - Internal site ID - Riparian Statistics - Riparian assessment score - Riparian canopy cover - Active floodplain width - Bank Statistics - Bank erosion rates - Bank vegetation - Modified BEHI score - Total to bankfull ratio - Bank angle - Total bank height - Legacy sediment depth - In-Channel Statistics - Wetted width - Bankfull width - Bankfull height - Pebble count - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - Embeddedness - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - Fine sediment depth - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - Water depth - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - Flow type - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - In-channel canopy cover - Vegetation coverage - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - Fish habitat coverage - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - Woody debris - Survey Metrics - Thalweg sinuosity - Longitudinal roughness - Water surface slope - Cross section - Bankfull area - Total channel area - Total to bankfull area ratio - Cross sectional roughness - Wetted perimeter Additionally, the following child items can be found attached to this data release: - Recorded Field Observations: All unsummarized data collected by field team members from the Habitat Assessment field teams. - Recorded Survey Data: All coordinate data from surveying campaign collected by Habitat Assessment field teams. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists completed a data collection campaign from the 25th of April to the 10th of June in 2022, using various methods to record geomorphic and habitat indicators throughout 30 streams on the Delmarva Peninsula. Field methods included GNSS surveys, gravelometer-based pebble count readings, visual assessments, and riparian analyses. This metadata record contains all raw observations from the campaign as well as numerous summary metrics to be used in model development. Those "model-ready" data can be found in Delmarva_Model_Deliverable.csv in the parent item, while the two child items containing raw in-channel observations and raw survey data. Attached to this release is a data dictionary containing general information about Delmarva_Model_Deliverable.csv. This information can be found in the SummaryMetrics_Dictionary.csv file. The various data collected in this data release fall into the following categories describing both reach average and heterogeneity: - Study Information - Internal site ID - Riparian Statistics - Riparian assessment score - Riparian canopy cover - Riparian active width - Bank Statistics - Eroding percent - Dendro lateral retreat rate - Bank vegetation - Modified BEHI score - Total to bankfull ratio - Bank substrate - Bank angle - Total bank height - Legacy sediment depth - In-Channel Statistics - Wetted width - Bankfull width - Bankfull height - Pebble count - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - Embeddedness - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - Fine sediment - Average depth - Heterogeneity metrics - Loss on ignition at 550C - Loss on ignition at 950C - Water depth - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - Flow type - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - In-channel canopy cover - Vegetation coverage - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - Fish habitat coverage - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - Woody debris - Survey Metrics - Thalweg sinuosity - Longitudinal roughness - Water surface slope - Cross section - Bankfull area - Total channel area - Total to bankfull area ratio - Cross-sectional roughness - Wetted perimeter Additionally, the following child items can be found attached to this data release: - Delmarva Peninsula Raw Habitat and Riparian Assessment Data (2022): All field forms collected by technicians from the Habitat Assessment field teams. - Delmarva Peninsula Stream Survey (2022): All coordinate data from surveying campaign collected by Habitat Assessment field teams. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists completed a data collection campaign from the 25th of April to the 10th of June in 2022, using various methods to record geomorphic and habitat indicators throughout 30 streams on the Delmarva Peninsula. Field methods included GNSS surveys, gravelometer-based pebble count readings, visual assessments, and riparian analyses. This metadata record contains all recorded observations from the campaign as well as numerous summary metrics to be used in model development. Those "model-ready" data can be found in Delmarva_Summary_Metrics.csv in the parent item, while the two child items containing recorded in-channel observations and recorded survey data. Attached to this release is a data dictionary containing general information about Delmarva_Summary_Metrics.csv. This information can be found in the Summary_Metrics_Dictionary.csv file. The various data collected in this data release fall into the following categories describing both reach average and heterogeneity: - Study Information - Internal site ID - Riparian Statistics - Riparian assessment score - Riparian canopy cover - Active floodplain width - Bank Statistics - Bank erosion rates - Bank vegetation - Modified BEHI score - Total to bankfull ratio - Bank angle - Total bank height - Legacy sediment depth - In-Channel Statistics - Wetted width - Bankfull width - Bankfull height - Pebble count - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - Embeddedness - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - Fine sediment depth - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - Water depth - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - Flow type - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - In-channel canopy cover - Vegetation coverage - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - Fish habitat coverage - Average - Heterogeneity metrics - Woody debris - Survey Metrics - Thalweg sinuosity - Longitudinal roughness - Water surface slope - Cross section - Bankfull area - Total channel area - Total to bankfull area ratio - Cross sectional roughness - Wetted perimeter Additionally, the following child items can be found attached to this data release: - Recorded Field Observations: All unsummarized data collected by field team members from the Habitat Assessment field teams. - Recorded Survey Data: All coordinate data from surveying campaign collected by Habitat Assessment field teams. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

This dataset provides analysis results for status values representing the period of 2015 through 2017 for six indicators of river and stream condition in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Status (condition at a point in time) was calculated yearly for metrics of the following indicators: stream nutrients and suspended sediment, salinity, temperature, hydromorphology, streamflow and biological assemblages. These yearly status values were then averaged to create mean status values for each indicator and metric. The mean status values were then used to score indicator sites as high quality, low quality, or intermediate quality. Additionally, the relationship between mean status values and three land use/land cover types (developed, agriculture and urban) were analyzed via simple linear regression. Detailed data preparation information, analytical methods and results are presented and discussed in the associated Scientific Investigative Report (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255072).