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Fermi LAT 4-Year Point Source Catalog
The Fermi LAT 4-Year Point Source Catalog (3FGL) is a catalog of high-energy gamma-ray sources detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi) mission during the first 48 months of the science phase of the mission, which began on 2008 August 4. Compared to the 2FGL catalog, the 3FGL catalog incorporates twice as much data as well as a number of analysis improvements, including improved calibrations at the event reconstruction level, an updated model for Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission, a refined procedure for source detection, and improved methods for associating LAT sources with potential counterparts at other wavelengths. Sources were detected and characterized in the 100 MeV to 300 GeV range. Source detection was based on a threshold likelihood Test Statistic of 25, corresponding to a significance of just over 4 sigma. This catalog includes source location regions, defined in terms of elliptical fits to the 95% confidence regions and spectral fits with three different spectral forms; power-law for most sources, log-parabola for significantly curved sources, and power-law with exponential cutoff for known gamma-ray pulsars. It also includes flux measurements in 5 bands for each source. The Fermi LAT Team has evaluated the populations of gamma-ray sources that are represented in the catalog using a protocol defined before launch. Individual LAT-detected sources have been provided identifications or plausible associations with sources in other astronomical catalogs. Care was taken to characterize the sensitivity of the results to the model of interstellar diffuse gamma-ray emission used to model the bright foreground, and a number of sources at low Galactic latitudes and toward bright local interstellar clouds are flagged as having positions that are strongly dependent on the model or as potentially entirely due to incorrectly modeled structure in the Galactic diffuse emission. This catalog has been superseded by the <a href="fermilpsc.html">Fermi LAT 8-Year Point Source Catalog</a>, also known as 4FGL. Please refer to that if you want the latest version. This database table was originally ingested by the HEASARC in May, 2015, as FERMILPSC. With the release of the 4FGL catalog in March, 2019, this catalog was renamed FERMI3FGL. The electronic data for this catalog was obtained from the Fermi Science Support Center (FSSC) at <a href="http://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/ssc/data/access/lat/4yr_catalog/">http://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/ssc/data/access/lat/4yr_catalog/</a>. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
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Fermi LAT 14-Year Point Source Catalog (4FGL-DR4)
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The Fermi Point Source Catalog (4FGL) is a catalog of high-energy gamma-ray sources detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. The 14-year catalog is an incremental version (4FGL-DR4, for Data Release 4) of the fourth Fermi-LAT catalog of gamma-ray sources. Based on the first fourteen years of science data in the energy range from 50 MeV to 1 TeV, it uses the same analysis methods as the 4FGL- DR3 catalog did for 12 years of data. The spectral parameters, spectral energy distributions, light curves and associations are updated for all sources. This database table was last updated by the HEASARC in February 2024, using the latest electronic data obtained from the Fermi Science Support Center (FSSC) available at http://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/ssc/data/access/lat/14yr_catalog/. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
Third Catalog of Hard Fermi-LAT Sources (3FHL)
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This is a catalog of sources detected above 10 GeV by the Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) in the first 7 years of data using the Pass 8 event-level analysis. It contains 1558 objects characterized in the 10 GeV to 2 TeV energy range. The sensitivity and angular resolution are improved by factors of 3 and 2 relative to the previous LAT catalog at the same energies (1FHL). The vast majority of detected sources (79%) are extragalactic, including 16 sources located at very high redshift (z > 2). Nine percent of the sources are Galactic and 12% are unassociated (or associated with a source of unknown nature). The high-latitude sky and the Galactic plane are observed with an average sensitivity of 0.5% and 1% of the Crab Nebula flux above 10 GeV, respectively. The catalog includes 225 new gamma-ray sources. The substantial increase in the number of photons (more than 4 times relative to the 1FHL and 10 times to the 2FHL) also allows us to characterize spectral curvature for 32 sources and flux variability for 163 of them. Furthermore, we estimate that for the same energy flux limit of 10-12 erg cm2 s-1, the energy range above 10 GeV has twice as many sources as the range above 50 GeV, which confirms and quantifies the importance of lowering the energy threshold of Cherenkov telescopes as much as possible in order to increase the number of available sources. This database table was first ingested by the HEASARC in December 2017 using electronic data obtained from the Fermi Science Support Center (FSSC). That data is available at http://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/ssc/data/access/lat/3FHL/. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
Fermi LAT Fourth AGN Catalog
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This is the third update to the fourth catalog of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). This version (4LAC-DR3) derives from the third data release of the 4FGL catalog based on 12 years of gamma-ray data with energies greater than 50 MeV. The spectral parameters, spectral energy distributions (SEDs), yearly light curves, and associations have been updated for all sources. The catalog contains includes 3407 AGN located at high Galactic latitudes (|b| > 10 degrees). This database table was first ingested by the HEASARC in February 2010. It was last updated (to the 4LAC-DR3 version) in June 2023 using electronic data obtained from the Fermi Science Support Center (FSSC). That data is available at https://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/ssc/data/access/lat/4LACDR3/. Note that this table does not contain the low-latitude sources given in a separate file there, which are not formally a part of the catalog. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
Fermi LAT High-Energy Source Catalog (1FHL)
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This table contains the catalog of gamma-ray sources at energies above 10 GeV based on data from the Large Area Telescope (LAT) accumulated during the first 3 years of the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope mission. The first Fermi-LAT catalog of > 10 GeV sources (1FHL) has 514 sources. For each source, the authors present location, spectrum, a measure of variability,and associations with cataloged sources at other wavelengths. They found that 449 (87%) could be associated with known sources, of which 393 (76% of the 1FHL sources) are active galactic nuclei. Of the 27 sources associated with known pulsars, they find 20 (12) to have significant pulsations in the range > 10 GeV (> 25 GeV). In this work, the authors also report that, at energies above 10 GeV, unresolved sources account for 27% +/- 8% of the isotropic gamma-ray background, while the unresolved Galactic population contributes only at the few percent level to the Galactic diffuse background. The authors also highlight the subset of the 1FHL sources that are the best candidates for detection at energies above 50 - 100 GeV with current and future ground-based gamma-ray observatories. The time interval analyzed here is from the beginning of Fermi LAT science operations on 2008 August 4 (MET 239557447) to 2011 August 1 (MET 333849586), covering very nearly 3 years. In this work, the authors analyze gamma rays with energies in the range 10-500 GeV. To limit the contamination from gamma rays produced by cosmic-ray interactions in the upper atmosphere, gamma rays with zenith angles greater than 105 degrees were excluded. To further reduce the residual gamma rays from the upper atmosphere only data for time periods when the spacecraft rocking angle was less than 52 degrees were considered. See Section 2 of the reference paper for further explanations. This table was created by the HEASARC in April 2015 based on CDS Catalog J/ApJS/209/34/ files table3.dat and table7.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
Fermi LAT Sources Refined Associations Catalog
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The Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) First Source Catalog (1FGL: Abdo et al. 2010, ApJS, 188, 405) was released in 2010 February and the Fermi-LAT 2-Year Source Catalog (2FGL: Nolan et al. 2012, ApJS, 199, 31) appeared in 2012 April, based on data from 24 months of operations. Since they were released, many follow up observations of unidentified gamma-ray sources have been performed and new procedures for associating gamma-ray sources with potential counterparts at other wavelengths have been developed. In the reference paper, the authors review and characterize all of the associations as published in the 1FGL and 2FGL catalogs on the basis of multi-frequency archival observations. In particular, they locate 177 spectra for the low-energy counterparts that were not listed in the previous Fermi catalogs, and in addition they present new spectroscopic observations of eight gamma-ray blazar candidates. Based on their investigations, the authors introduce a new counterpart category of "candidate associations" and propose a refined classification for the candidate low-energy counterparts of the Fermi sources. They compare the 1FGL-assigned counterparts with those listed in 2FGL to determine which unassociated sources became associated in later releases of the Fermi catalogs. The authors also search for potential counterparts to all of the remaining unassociated Fermi sources. Finally, they prepare a refined and merged list of all of the associations of 1FGL plus 2FGL that includes 2219 unique Fermi objects. This is the most comprehensive and systematic study of all the associations collected for the gamma-ray sources available to the date of this study. The authors conclude that 80% of the Fermi sources have at least one known plausible gamma-ray emitter within their positional uncertainty regions. This table was created by the HEASARC in May 2015 based on CDS Catalog J/ApJS/217/2 file table4.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
Fermi LAT Long-Term Transient Source Catalog
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The First Catalog of Long-Term Transient Sources detected by Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) comprises of 142 unique, transient sources that were detected on monthly time intervals during Fermi-LAT operations. The monthly time scale allows to identify transient and variable sources that were not yet reported in other Fermi-LAT catalogs. The monthly datasets were analyzed using a wavelet-based source detection algorithm that provided the candidate new transient sources. The search was limited to the extragalactic regions of the sky to avoid the dominance of the Galactic diffuse emission at low Galactic latitudes. The transient candidates were then analyzed using the standard Fermi-LAT maximum likelihood analysis method. All sources detected with a statistical significance above 4 sigma in at least one monthly bin were listed in the final catalog. This database table was ingested by the HEASARC in September 2021 and is based upon file downloaded from the Space Science Data Center (SSDC) Fermi-1FLT website. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
Second Catalog of Hard Fermi-LAT Sources (2FHL)
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This is a catalog of sources detected above 50 GeV by the Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) in 80 months of data. The newly delivered Pass 8 event-level analysis allows the detection and characterization of sources in the 50GeV-2TeV energy range. In this energy band, Fermi-LAT has detected 360 sources, which constitute the second catalog of hard Fermi-LAT sources (2FHL). The improved angular resolution enables the precise localization of point sources (~1.7-arcminutes radius at 68% confidence level) and the detection and characterization of spatially extended sources. The authors found that 86% of the sources could be associated with counterparts at other wavelengths, of which the majority (75%) are active galactic nuclei and the rest (11%) are Galactic sources. Only 25% of the 2FHL sources have been previously detected by Cherenkov telescopes, implying that the 2FHL provides a reservoir of candidates to be followed up at very high energies. This work closes the energy gap between the observations performed at GeV energies by Fermi-LAT on orbit and the observations performed at higher energies by Cherenkov telescopes from the ground. This database table was first ingested by the HEASARC in September 2015 using electronic data obtained from the Fermi Science Support Center (FSSC). That data is available at http://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/ssc/data/access/lat/2FHL/. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
LAT Pass 7 (V6) Archived Weekly files
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Fermi is a powerful space observatory that will open a wide window on the universe. Gamma rays are the highest-energy form of light, and the gamma-ray sky is spectacularly different from the one we perceive with our own eyes. With a huge leap in all key capabilities, Fermi data will enable scientists to answer persistent questions across a broad range of topics, including supermassive black-hole systems, pulsars, the origin of cosmic rays, and searches for signals of new physics.
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