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This portion of the data release presents digital surface models (DSMs) and hillshade images of the intertidal zone at Post Point, Bellingham Bay, WA. The DSMs were derived from structure-from-motion (SfM) processing of aerial imagery collected with an unmanned aerial system (UAS) on 2019-06-06. Unlike a digital elevation model (DEM), the DSMs represent the elevation of the highest object within the bounds of a cell. Vegetation, buildings and other objects have not been removed from the data. In addition, data artifacts resulting from noise in the original imagery have not been removed. The DSMs are presented with two resolutions: one DSM, covering the entire survey area, has a resolution of 4 centimeters per pixel; the other DSM which was derived from a lower-altitude flight, covers an inset area within the main survey area and has a resolution of 2 centimeters per-pixel. The raw imagery used to create these DSMs was acquired using a UAS fitted with a Ricoh GR II digital camera featuring a global shutter. The UAS was flown on pre-programmed autonomous flight lines spaced to provide approximately 70 percent overlap between images from adjacent lines. The camera was triggered at 1 Hz using a built-in intervalometer. For the main DSM, the UAS was flown at an approximate altitude of 70 meters above ground level (AGL), resulting in a nominal ground-sample-distance (GSD) of 1.8 centimeters per pixel. For the higher-resolution DSM, the UAS was flown at an approximate altitude of 35 meters (AGL), resulting in a nominal ground-sample-distance (GSD) of 0.9 centimeters per pixel. The raw imagery was geotagged using positions from the UAS onboard single-frequency autonomous GPS. Nineteen temporary ground control points (GCPs) were distributed throughout each survey area to establish survey control. The GCPs consisted of a combination of small square tarps with black-and-white cross patterns and "X" marks placed on the ground using temporary chalk. The GCP positions were measured using post-processed kinematic (PPK) GPS, using corrections from a GPS base station located approximately 5 kilometers from the study area. The DSMs and hillshade images have been formatted as cloud optimized GeoTIFFs with internal overviews and masks to facilitate cloud-based queries and display.

This portion of the data release presents a digital surface model (DSM) and hillshade image of the intertidal zone at West Whidbey Island, WA. The DSM has a resolution of 4 centimeters per pixel and was derived from structure-from-motion (SfM) processing of aerial imagery collected with an unmanned aerial system (UAS) on 2019-06-04. Unlike a digital elevation model (DEM), the DSM represents the elevation of the highest object within the bounds of a cell. Vegetation, buildings and other objects have not been removed from the data. In addition, data artifacts resulting from noise in the original imagery have not been removed. The raw imagery used to create the DSM was acquired using a UAS fitted with a Ricoh GR II digital camera featuring a global shutter. The UAS was flown on pre-programmed autonomous flight lines spaced to provide approximately 70 percent overlap between images from adjacent lines. The camera was triggered at 1 Hz using a built-in intervalometer. The UAS was flown at an approximate altitude of 70 meters above ground level (AGL), resulting in a nominal ground-sample-distance (GSD) of 1.8 centimeters per pixel. Additional imagery was collected with the camera in an oblique orientation toward the coastal bluff face to image vertical faces. The raw imagery was geotagged using positions from the UAS onboard single-frequency autonomous GPS. Twenty-five temporary ground control points (GCPs) were distributed throughout the survey area to establish survey control. The GCPs consisted of a combination of small square tarps with black-and-white cross patterns and "X" marks placed on the ground using temporary chalk. The GCP positions were measured using post-processed kinematic (PPK) GPS, using corrections from a GPS base station located approximately 7 kilometers from the study area. The DSM and hillshade images have been formatted as cloud optimized GeoTIFFs with internal overviews and masks to facilitate cloud-based queries and display.

Export Data Access API Access 5m DEM Service Access NSW Elevation Service Access ELVIS Platform NSW Elevation and Depth Theme Please NoteWGS 84 service aligned to GDA94This dataset has spatial reference [WGS 84 ≈ GDA94] which may result in misalignments when viewed in GDA2020 environments. A similar service with a ‘multiCRS’ suffix is available which can support GDA2020, GDA94 and WGS 84 ≈ GDA2020 environments.In due course, and allowing time for user feedback and testing, it is intended that the original service name will adopt the new 'multiCRS' functionality. Metadata Portal Metadata InformationContent TitleNSW Elevation and Depth ThemeContent TypeHosted Feature LayerDescriptionElevation and Depth is the measurement of the Earth’s surface above or below a vertical datum to obtain the height of the land. Data is collected using a range of sensors including: laser, sonar, radar and optical.Technical methodologies are used to derive spot heights, raster surfaces, contours, triangulated irregular networks and digital elevation models.Datasets that form the Elevation and Depth theme include: Historical Contours (2m Urban, 10m and 20m)Current 2m Contours (State wide)Spot HeightsRelative HeightsPoint cloud (LiDAR and Photogrammetrically derived) (available for download from Geoscience Australia ELVIS Platform)Digital Elevation Model (available for download from Geoscience Australia ELVIS Platform) Elevation Data Sets available from additional services.ELVIS – Elevation and DepthPoint Clouds - The point cloud data set consists of point clouds captured from LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and derived from airborne imagery using photogrammetric techniques. Spatial Services Point Cloud data is available for on demand download from Geoscience Australia ELVIS Platform. Digital Elevation Models - Digital Elevation Models (DEM) are derived from Spatial Services’ (SS) point cloud data. The DEM is a bare earth representation of the earth’s surface where all the above ground feature has been removed.Spatial Services have a number of different Digital Elevation Models Digital Elevation Model derived from LiDAR - Are 1m or 2m resolution and is not hydrologically enforced(breaklines) or hydrologically conditioned (identification and analysis of sinks).Digital Elevation Model derived Photogrammetry - Data is 5m resolution. Areas of no data caused by steep slopes, shadow and vegetation have been interpolated or filled-in with another data source and will not be as accurate as the bare open ground areas. The data is not hydrologically enforced (breaklines) or hydrologically conditioned (identification and analysis of sinks).Spatial Services Digital Elevation Model data is available for on demand download from. Geoscience Australia ELVIS Platform as 2km x 2km tiles. You can also access the 5 Metre Digital Elevation Model Service in the Collaboration Portal.Elevation and Depth provides an accurate representation of the Earth’s surface enabling evidence-based decision making, 3D modelling, planning and earth surface representation.Elevation and Depth underpins:Safe hydrographicAeronautical and road navigationClimate science, including climate change adaptationEmergency management and natural hazard risk assessmentEnvironmental, including water managementEngineering projects and infrastructure developmentDefinition of maritime and administrative boundariesNatural resource exploration.Update frequencies vary for each dataset. Individual current status can be found under each Spatial data profile. The objective is to maintain elevation datasets to meet the FDSI requirements of key data users.Current programs include:Aerial LiDAR capture program across NSW.DEM and Point Cloud generation from photogrammetric techniques.Longer term programs include:Update of contour data using updated DEM data generated from LiDAR and Photogrammetry.Hydrological enforcement using improved surface models.Initial Publication Date05/04/2020Data Currency01/01/3000Data

This portion of the data release presents digital surface models (DSM) and hillshade images of the intertidal zones at Puget Creek and Dickman Mill Park, Tacoma, WA. The DSMs have a resolution of 2.5 centimeters per pixel and were derived from structure-from-motion (SfM) processing of aerial imagery collected with an unmanned aerial system (UAS) on 2019-06-03. Unlike a digital elevation model (DEM), the DSM represents the elevation of the highest object within the bounds of a cell. Vegetation, buildings and other objects have not been removed from the data. In addition, data artifacts resulting from noise in the original imagery have not been removed. The raw imagery used to create this DSM was acquired using a UAS fitted with a Ricoh GR II digital camera featuring a global shutter. The UAS was flown on pre-programmed autonomous flight lines at an approximate altitude of 50 meters above ground level (AGL). The flight lines were oriented roughly shore-parallel and were spaced to provide approximately 70 percent overlap between images from adjacent lines. The camera was triggered at 1 Hz using a built-in intervalometer. The imagery was geotagged using positions from the UAS onboard single-frequency autonomous GPS. Twelve temporary ground control points (GCPs) were distributed throughout each survey area to establish survey control. The GCPs consisted of a combination of small square tarps with black-and-white cross patterns and "X" marks placed on the ground using temporary chalk. The GCP positions were measured using post-processed kinematic (PPK) GPS, using corrections from a GPS base station located approximately 5 kilometers from the study area. The DSMs and hillshade images have been formatted as cloud optimized GeoTIFFs with internal overviews and masks to facilitate cloud-based queries and display. For file naming purposes the spatial resolution has been rounded to the nearest centimeter in the file names (for instance, the 2.5-cm resolution Puget Creek DSM is named PugetCreek_2019-06-03_DSM_3cm.tif).

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers–-Little Rock District (SWL) Civil Works program has a mission to maintain cohesion between physical and naturally developed environments. Evaluation of shoreline stability and adjacent development of a harbor along the McClellan-Kerr Arkansas River Navigation System at River Mile 202.6 is essential in establishing a baseline for potential impacts and future monitoring of the proposed harbor. A combination of multibeam sonar and high-resolution, low-altitude aerial light detection and ranging (lidar) data were used to provide data and analysis needed for as-built information and future monitoring of river shoreline and floodplain management and maintenance. In October 2021, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, completed high-resolution bathymetric (underwater elevation) and topographic surveys of the Arkansas River and a quarry at the proposed slack water harbor near Dardanelle, Arkansas. Bathymetric data were collected using a high-resolution multibeam echosounder mapping system (MBMS), which consists of a multibeam echosounder (MBES) and an inertial navigation system (INS) mounted on a marine survey vessel. Data were collected as the vessel traversed the river and quarry along overlapping survey lines distributed throughout the areas. Data collection software integrated and stored the depth data from the MBES and the horizontal and vertical position and attitude data of the vessel from the INS in real time. Data processing required computer software to extract bathymetry data from the raw data files and to summarize and map the information. Topographic data were collected as a lidar point cloud (LPC) using an Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) with a YellowScan Vx20-100 lidar payload, which consists of the lidar scanner and an INS. The LPC data were collected as the UAS followed two perpendicular transects orientations (north-south and east-west) on separate flights. The LPC was corrected using a post-processed kinematic (PPK) solution with a Trimble R8s base station, and ground control points (GCPs) surveyed using Propeller AeroPoint smart targets which were PPK corrected to a nearby continuously operated reference station (CORS) tower. The LPC was attributed to the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) point classification standards. The LPC was colorized from a UAS-collected red-green-blue (RGB) orthoimage collected using a Ricoh GR camera. The processed bathymetric datasets and the UAS lidar dataset are provided in the ASPRS LAS format with associated metadata files in the zipped archive named SlackWaterHarbor_DardanelleAR_2021-10_data.zip. The LAS format is a standardized binary format for storing 3-dimensional point cloud data and point attributes along with header information and variable length records specific to the data. Data points are stored as a 3-dimensional data cloud as a series of x (longitude), y (latitude) and z (elevation) points. Please refer to http://www.asprs.org/Committee-General/LASer-LAS-File-Format-Exchange-Activities.html for additional information. Topographic data outside of the area collected by the UAS were extracted from aerial lidar data collected in 2014, publicly available from the USGS National Elevation Dataset (NED) at https://prd-tnm.s3.amazonaws.com/LidarExplorer/index.html#/. The two bathymetric datasets, the ground points from the UAS lidar data thinned to a 1.64-foot (0.5-meter) resolution, and the public lidar data were combined to create a multisource point cloud of the ground in the proposed harbor area and surroundings. The multisource point cloud dataset is provided in ESRI Shapefile format (ESRI, 2021) with an attribute table and metadata in the zipped archive named SlackWaterHarbor_DardanelleAR_2021-10_Multisource_data.zip. Attribute/column labels of this table are described in the "Entity and attribute" section of the associated metadata file. The multisource point

A first surface/bare earth elevation map (also known as a Digital Elevation Model, or DEM) of the Gateway National Recreation Area's Sandy Hook Unit in New Jersey was produced from remotely sensed, geographically referenced elevation measurements cooperatively by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the National Park Service (NPS), and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Elevation measurements were collected over the area using the NASA Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL), a pulsed-laser ranging system mounted onboard an aircraft to measure ground elevation, vegetation canopy, and coastal topography. The system uses high frequency laser beams directed at the Earth's surface through an opening in the bottom of the aircraft's fuselage. The laser system records the time difference between emission of the laser beam and the reception of the reflected laser signal in the aircraft. The plane travels over the target area at approximately 50 meters per second at an elevation of approximately 300 meters. The EAARL, developed by NASA at Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia, measures ground elevation with a vertical resolution of 15 centimeters. A sampling rate of 3 kilohertz or higher results in an extremely dense spatial elevation dataset. Over 100 kilometers of coastline can be easily surveyed within a 3- to 4-hour mission. When subsequent elevation maps for an area are analyzed, they provide a useful tool to make management decisions regarding land development. For more information on Lidar science and the Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL) system and surveys, see http://ngom.usgs.gov/dsp/overview/index.php and http://ngom.usgs.gov/dsp/tech/eaarl/index.php .

This portion of the data release presents topographic point clouds of the intertidal zone at Post Point, Bellingham Bay, WA. The point clouds were derived from structure-from-motion (SfM) processing of aerial imagery collected with an unmanned aerial system (UAS) on 2019-06-06. Two point clouds are presented with different resolutions: one point cloud (PostPoint_2019-06-06_pointcloud.zip) covers the entire survey area and has 145,653,2221 points with an average point density of 1,057 points per-square meter; the other point cloud (PostPointHighRes_2019-06-06_pointcloud.zip) has 139,427,055 points with an average point density of 3,487 points per-square meter and was derived from a lower-altitude flight covering an inset area within the main survey area. The point clouds are tiled to reduce individual files sizes and grouped within zip files for downloading. Each point in the point clouds contains an explicit horizontal and vertical coordinate, color, intensity, and classification. Water portions of the point cloud were classified using a polygon digitized from the orthomosaic imagery derived from these surveys (also available in this data release). No other classifications were performed. The raw imagery used to create these point clouds was acquired using a UAS fitted with a Ricoh GR II digital camera featuring a global shutter. The UAS was flown on pre-programmed autonomous flight lines spaced to provide approximately 70 percent overlap between images from adjacent lines. The camera was triggered at 1 Hz using a built-in intervalometer. For the main survey area point cloud, the UAS was flown at an approximate altitude of 70 meters above ground level (AGL), resulting in a nominal ground-sample-distance (GSD) of 1.8 centimeters per pixel. For the higher-resolution point cloud, the UAS was flown at an approximate altitude of 35 meters (AGL), resulting in a nominal ground-sample-distance (GSD) of 0.9 centimeters per pixel. The raw imagery was geotagged using positions from the UAS onboard single-frequency autonomous GPS. Nineteen temporary ground control points (GCPs) were distributed throughout each survey area to establish survey control. The GCPs consisted of a combination of small square tarps with black-and-white cross patterns and "X" marks placed on the ground using temporary chalk. The GCP positions were measured using post-processed kinematic (PPK) GPS, using corrections from a GPS base station located approximately 5 kilometers from the study area. The point clouds are formatted in LAZ format (LAS 1.2 specification).

All available bathymetry and related information for Iosegun Lake were collected and hard copy maps digitized where necessary. The data were validated against more recent data (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission 'SRTM' imagery and Indian Remote Sensing 'IRS' imagery) and corrected where necessary. The published data set contains the lake bathymetry formatted as an Arc ascii grid. Bathymetric contours and the boundary polygon are available as shapefiles.