We conducted an unmatched case-control study of 5,992 infant mortality cases and 60,000 randomly selected controls from a North Carolina Birth Cohort (2003-2015). PM2.5 during critical exposure periods (trimesters, pregnancy, first month alive) were estimated using residential address and a national spatiotemporal model at census block centroid. Here we describe data sources for outcome (i.e., infant mortality) and exposure (i.e., PM2.5) data. This dataset is not publicly accessible because: EPA cannot release personally identifiable information regarding living individuals, according to the Privacy Act and the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). This dataset contains information about human research subjects. Because there is potential to identify individual participants and disclose personal information, either alone or in combination with other datasets, individual level data are not appropriate to post for public access. Restricted access may be granted to authorized persons by contacting the party listed. It can be accessed through the following means: The North Carolina Birth Cohort data are not publicly available as it contains personal identifiable information. Data may be requested through the NCDHHS, Division of Public Health with proper approvals. Air pollutant concentrations for PM2.5 from the national spatiotemporal model are available upon request and may require a processing fee. Air monitoring data questions can be directed to Ms. Amanda Gassett at the University of Washington. Format: Birth certificate data from the State Center for Health Statistics of the NC Department of Health and Human Services linked with data from the Birth Defects Monitoring Program (NC BDMP) to create a birth cohort of all infants born in NC between 2003-2015. The NC BDMP is an active surveillance system that follows NC births to obtain birth defect diagnoses up to 1 year after the date of birth as well as identify infant deaths during the first year of life and include relevant information from the death certificate. A national spatiotemporal model provided data on predicted PM2.5 concentrations over critical prenatal and postnatal time periods. The prediction model used data from research and regulatory monitors as well as a large (>200) array of geographic covariates to create fine scale spatial and temporal predictions. The model has a cross-validated R2 of 0.89 for PM2.5. Concentrations were predicted for every 2 weeks in the study period at the centroid of each 2010 census block in NC. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Jampel, S., J. Kaufman, D. Enquobahrie, A. Wilkie, A. Gassett, and T. Luben. Association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and infant mortality in a North Carolina Birth Cohort (2003-2015). Environmental Epidemiology. Wolters Kluwer, Alphen aan den Rijn, NETHERLANDS, 8(6): e350, (2024).

Dataset is birth registry data from NC for 2006 - 2015, linked to air pollution and temperature exposures. This dataset is not publicly accessible because: EPA cannot release personally identifiable information regarding living individuals, according to the Privacy Act and the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). This dataset contains information about human research subjects. Because there is potential to identify individual participants and disclose personal information, either alone or in combination with other datasets, individual level data are not appropriate to post for public access. Restricted access may be granted to authorized persons by contacting the party listed. It can be accessed through the following means: Health data can be requested through the North Carolina Department of Human Health Services. Air pollution data can be accessed through the EPA RSIG portal. Temperature data can be requested from the CDC. Format: SAS, R, and csv files. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Krajewski, A., B. Alman, A. Vaidyanathan, T. Luben, and K. Rappazzo. Effect of extreme heat exposure on the associations between weekly gestational exposure to fine particulate matter and preterm birth in a North Carolina birth cohort. Presented at Society of Epidemiologic Research (SER) and Society of Pediatric and Perinatal Epidemiologic Research (SPER), Austin, TX, USA, 06/16/2024 - 06/21/2024.

The publicly available data from other published papers is in the published manuscript (DOI provided). This dataset is associated with the following publication: Kopylev, L., M. Dzierlenga, Y. Lin, B. Nachman, E. Radke-Farabaugh, H. Ru, and D. Segal. Which prenatal biomarker is most appropriate for methylmercury dose-response for neurodevelopmental effects?. RISK ANALYSIS. Blackwell Publishing, Malden, MA, USA, 1-10, (2024).

EPA Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) source profile results for fine and coarse particulate matter. Inorganic fine and coarse particulate matter concentration data used in PMF models. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Khatri, S.B., C. Newman, J.P. Hammel, T. Dey, J.J. Van Laere, K.A. Ross, T. Anderson, S. Mukerjee, L. Smith, M. Landis, A. Holstein, and G. Norris. Associations of Air Pollution and Pediatric Asthma in Cleveland, Ohio. The Scientific World Journal. Hindawi Publishing Corporation, New York, NY, USA, 2021: 8881390, (2021).

This provides an archive of the US EPA AMPD data used for exposure assignment as well as code written for analyses related to the peer-reviewed published manuscript: Wilkie, Adrien A; Richardson, David B; Luben, Thomas J; Serre, Marc L; Woods, Courtney G; Daniels, Julie L. Sulfur dioxide reduction at coal-fired power plants in North Carolina and associations with preterm birth among surrounding residents. Environmental Epidemiology 7(2):p e241, April 2023. | DOI: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000241 Exposure data is publicly available from the United States (US) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Air Markets Program Data (AMPD), which has been updated to the Clean Air Markets Program Data (CAMPD) available at https://campd.epa.gov/. Births data has identifiable information so is not available unless formally requested from Birth Defects Monitoring Program within the State Center for Health Statistics of the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services. Portions of this dataset are inaccessible because: EPA cannot release personally identifiable information regarding living individuals, according to the Privacy Act and the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). This dataset contains information about human research subjects. Because there is potential to identify individual participants and disclose personal information, either alone or in combination with other datasets, individual level data are not appropriate to post for public access. Restricted access may be granted to authorized persons by contacting the party listed. They can be accessed through the following means: These data can be requested from the North Carolina State Center for Vital Statistics, Birth Defects Monitoring Program by experienced researchers with an approved IRB. Input data for unit and facility level data for coal-fired power plants in North Carolina from 2002-2015 were downloaded from US EPA AMPD (see attached data files). After data files were downloaded, this publicly available database/dashboard was updated to US EPA CAMPD (Clean Air Markets Program Data), which is also publicly available for download at https://campd.epa.gov/. Format: We received birth certificate records linked with birth defects monitoring program data from the NC State Center for Vital Statistics for all births in North Carolina between 2003 and 2015. These data include identifying information, including birth date and residential address, which was used to assign exposure to polluted sites. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Wilkie, A., D. Richardson, T. Luben, M. Serre, C. Woods, and J. Daniels. Sulfur dioxide reduction at coal-fired power plants in North Carolina and associations with preterm birth among surrounding residents. Environmental Epidemiology. Wolters Kluwer, Alphen aan den Rijn, NETHERLANDS, 7(2): e241, (2023).

This dataset contains three tables of aggregated (2009-2019) data on newborn screening disorders: 1) counts statewide , 2) counts by race/ethnicity, 3) counts by California region. The tables present counts of disorders that have been diagnosed by the California Newborn Screening Program. Counts were suppressed for disorders with fewer than 6 cases, as described in the individual table descriptions. The disorders are included on the core Recommended Uniform Screening Panel (RUSP) put forth by the Secretary’s Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders in Newborns and Children (SACHDNC) established under Section 1111 of the Public Health Service (PHS) Act, 42 U.S.C. 300b-10, as amended in the Newborn Screening Saves Lives Act of 2008. The SACHDNC recommends that every state newborn screening program include a uniform screening panel that currently includes 33 core disorders. The Newborn Screening Program screens for all of the core conditions except Spinal Muscular Atrophy, which began in June 2020. Newborn hearing loss screening and critical congenital heart disease screening are programs administered by the California Department of Health Care Services. Details of the disorders included on the RUSP can be found in the attachment: Recommended Uniform Screening Panel.pdf. Caution must be taken in interpreting these data because there is not a one-to-one relationship between a screen-positive test result and a disorder. A newborn can be screen-positive for more than one disorder. Conversely, a positive screen for one disorder can be associated with the diagnosis of a different disorder. Four types of sickle cell-related hemoglobinopathies (Sickle Beta0 Thalassemia, Sickle Beta+ Thalassemia, Sickle S/S Disease, and Sickle S/C Disease) were combined into one group called "Sickle Cell Disease." SCID cases are reported beginning March 2013. ALD cases are reported beginning February 2016. Pompe and MPS I cases are reported beginning August 2018.

This data contains linked birth registry information with greenery metrics in North Carolina. This dataset is not publicly accessible because: EPA cannot release personally identifiable information regarding living individuals, according to the Privacy Act and the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). This dataset contains information about human research subjects. Because there is potential to identify individual participants and disclose personal information, either alone or in combination with other datasets, individual level data are not appropriate to post for public access. Restricted access may be granted to authorized persons by contacting the party listed. It can be accessed through the following means: Birth records can be requested through the NC State Health Department. Greenery meterics can be downloaded through EPA's EnviroAtlas. Format: Datasets are in csvs, R and SAS formats. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Tsai, W., T. Luben, and K. Rappazzo. Associations between neighborhood greenery and birth outcomes in a North Carolina cohort. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology. Nature Publishing Group, London, UK, 35(5): 821-830, (2025).

This dataset contains three tables of aggregated (2009-2019) data on newborn screening disorders: 1) counts statewide , 2) counts by race/ethnicity, 3) counts by California region. The tables present counts of disorders that have been diagnosed by the California Newborn Screening Program. Counts were suppressed for disorders with fewer than 6 cases, as described in the individual table descriptions. The disorders are included on the core Recommended Uniform Screening Panel (RUSP) put forth by the Secretary’s Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders in Newborns and Children (SACHDNC) established under Section 1111 of the Public Health Service (PHS) Act, 42 U.S.C. 300b-10, as amended in the Newborn Screening Saves Lives Act of 2008. The SACHDNC recommends that every state newborn screening program include a uniform screening panel that currently includes 33 core disorders. The Newborn Screening Program screens for all of the core conditions except Spinal Muscular Atrophy, which began in June 2020. Newborn hearing loss screening and critical congenital heart disease screening are programs administered by the California Department of Health Care Services. Details of the disorders included on the RUSP can be found in the attachment: Recommended Uniform Screening Panel.pdf. Caution must be taken in interpreting these data because there is not a one-to-one relationship between a screen-positive test result and a disorder. A newborn can be screen-positive for more than one disorder. Conversely, a positive screen for one disorder can be associated with the diagnosis of a different disorder. Four types of sickle cell-related hemoglobinopathies (Sickle Beta0 Thalassemia, Sickle Beta+ Thalassemia, Sickle S/S Disease, and Sickle S/C Disease) were combined into one group called "Sickle Cell Disease." SCID cases are reported beginning March 2013. ALD cases are reported beginning February 2016. Pompe and MPS I cases are reported beginning August 2018.

This dataset contains three tables of aggregated (2009-2019) data on newborn screening disorders: 1) counts statewide , 2) counts by race/ethnicity, 3) counts by California region. The tables present counts of disorders that have been diagnosed by the California Newborn Screening Program. Counts were suppressed for disorders with fewer than 6 cases, as described in the individual table descriptions. The disorders are included on the core Recommended Uniform Screening Panel (RUSP) put forth by the Secretary’s Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders in Newborns and Children (SACHDNC) established under Section 1111 of the Public Health Service (PHS) Act, 42 U.S.C. 300b-10, as amended in the Newborn Screening Saves Lives Act of 2008. The SACHDNC recommends that every state newborn screening program include a uniform screening panel that currently includes 33 core disorders. The Newborn Screening Program screens for all of the core conditions except Spinal Muscular Atrophy, which began in June 2020. Newborn hearing loss screening and critical congenital heart disease screening are programs administered by the California Department of Health Care Services. Details of the disorders included on the RUSP can be found in the attachment: Recommended Uniform Screening Panel.pdf. Caution must be taken in interpreting these data because there is not a one-to-one relationship between a screen-positive test result and a disorder. A newborn can be screen-positive for more than one disorder. Conversely, a positive screen for one disorder can be associated with the diagnosis of a different disorder. Four types of sickle cell-related hemoglobinopathies (Sickle Beta0 Thalassemia, Sickle Beta+ Thalassemia, Sickle S/S Disease, and Sickle S/C Disease) were combined into one group called "Sickle Cell Disease." SCID cases are reported beginning March 2013. ALD cases are reported beginning February 2016. Pompe and MPS I cases are reported beginning August 2018.

■ 상품설명 및 특징 - 본 데이터는 모집된 대상자의 개인식별정보를 비식별화하여 제공합니다. - 모든 데이터는 기관생명윤리위원회(IRB)의 승인을 받은 데이터입니다. - 본 데이터는 임신부 감염병 관리를 위하여 전국 13개 대학병원에 방문한 임신부를 대상으로 코로나19 진단 임신부와 진단받지 않은 정상 임산부의 데이터를 제공합니다. ■ 데이터 범위 - 2020년 ~ 2021년 데이터가 제공되며 3개월마다 업데이트 됩니다. ■ 참고사항 (1) 코딩 방법 - 해당 질병 있음: 1 - 해당 질병 없음: 0 (2) 임신 삼분기 재태주수 - 임신 1분기: ~14주 0일 - 임신 2분기: 14주 1일 ~ 28주 0일 - 임신 3분기: 28주 1일 - 미세먼지 단위: ㎍/㎥ ■ 데이터 상품 요약 - 임신부에게 노출되었을 것으로 예상되는 대기오염 지수와 조산 및 임신합병증 발병 여부와 미세먼지 농도 데이터 ■ 활용 예제 - 대기질 데이터와 임신 합병증 데이터 사이의 위험성 분석