Biological, physical, nutrients, sediment, and other data were collected using sediment sampler-grab, bottle and CTD casts in the Arabian Sea, North/South Pacific Ocean, and North Atlantic Ocean from 08 January 1995 to 08 April 1998. Data were submitted by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution as part of the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) project. Biological data include detailed information on phytoplankton and zooplankton. Nutrients data includes nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, and silicate. The U.S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (U.S. JGOFS), conceived in 1984 and organized as a major ocean research program shortly thereafter, has conducted field and modeling investigations of the global ocean carbon cycle and the processes that regulate it for a decade and a half. It has brought together biological, chemical, physical and geological oceanographers and modelers in a multidisciplinary investigation of the pools and fluxes of carbon and associated biogenic elements in the ocean. U.S. JGOFS is a component of the international Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS), launched in 1987 under the aegis of the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR). Designated a core project of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) two years later, JGOFS has involved scientists from more than 30 countries in field and modeling studies. Its research program included national and international process studies conducted in many ocean basins, time-series programs and a global survey of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the ocean. The U.S. JGOFS research program comprised four basin-scale process studies, two long-term time-series programs, participation in a global survey of (CO2) and a synthesis and modeling project. This CD-ROM contains the data acquired during the four U.S. JGOFS process studies, conducted in the North Atlantic, the equatorial Pacific, the Arabian Sea and the Southern Ocean. Data from other components of U.S. JGOFS will be published in future volumes.

Physical, meteorological, and other data were collected from FIXED PLATFORM from 01 August 1968 to 01 June 1971. Data were collected from buoy BRAVO by Scripps Institute of Oceanography (SIO) in support of the North Pacific Study Program. Links to digital data are not available at this time. An analog file is available.

Physical and other data were collected from bottle and XBT casts from the AGS NO 2 and other platforms from the NW Pacific (limit-180). Data were collected by the Fisheries Agency of Japan (JFA) and other institutions from 07 January 1967 to 02 March 1984. Data were processed by NODC to the NODC standard Station Data II Output Format (SD2) and the Universal Bathythermograph Output Format (UBT). The SD2 file format is used for physical-chemical oceanographic data recorded at discrete depth levels. Most of the observations were made using multi-bottle Nansen casts or other types of water samplers. A small amount (about 5%), were obtained using electronic CTD (conductivity-temperature-depth) or STD (salinity-temperature-depth) recorders. The CTD/STD data were reported to NODC at depth levels equivalent to Nansen cast data, however, and have been processed and stored the same as the Nansen data. Cruise information, position, date and time are reported for each station. Each station contains the measurements taken at observed depth levels, but also includes data values interpolated to a set of standard depth levels. The UBT format contains temperature-depth profile data obtained using expendable bathythermograph (XBT) instruments. Cruise information, position, date and time were reported for each observation. The data records are comprised of pairs of temperature-depth values. The XBT data files contain temperature values at originators defined depths. Standard XBTs can obtain profiles to depths of either 450 or 760 m. Special instruments permit measurements to be obtained to 1830 m. Data has been processed by NODC to the NODC standard Bathythermograph XBT Selected Depths (SBT) (C125) and Ocean Station (C100) formats. The Oceanographic Station Data (C100) format contains physical-chemical oceanographic data recorded at discrete depth levels. Most of the observations were made using multi-bottle Nansen casts or other types of water samplers. A small amount (about 5 percent) were obtained using electronic CTD (conductivity-temperature-depth) or STD (salinity-temperature-depth) recorders. The CTD/STD data were reported to NODC at depth levels equivalent to Nansen cast data, however, and have been processed and stored the same as the Nansen data. Cruise information (e.g., ship, country, institution), position, date, and time, and reported for each station. The principal measured parameters and temperature and salinity, but dissolved oxygen, phosphate, total phosphorus, silicate, nitrate, nitrite, and pH may be reported. Meteorological conditions at the time of the cast (e.g., air temperature and pressure, wind, waves) may also be reported, as well as auxiliary data such as water color (Forel-Ule scale), water transparency (Secchi disk depth), and depth to bottom. Values of density (sigma-t) sound velocity, and dynamic depth anomaly are computed from measured parameters. Each station contains the measurements taken at the observed depth levels, but also includes data values interpolated to a set of standard depth levels. The UBT (C125) format contains temperature-depth profile data obtained using expendable bathythermograph (XBT) instruments. Cruise information, position, date and time were reported for each observation. The data records are comprised of pairs of temperature-depth values. Depths are selected by the originator - usually at standard horizons or some fixed interval. Standard XBTs can obtain profiles to depths of either 450 or 760 m. Special instruments permitted measurements to be obtained to 1830 m.

The Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) is an international and multi-disciplinary study with a primary objective of understanding global oceanic carbon and nutrient cycles. The National Science Foundation has funded two time-series stations as part of JGOFS, one in Hawaii (HOTS) and a second in Bermuda, the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series study (BATS). BATS was funded under NSF Grant # OCE-8801089. This data set is comprised of bottle pigment data (chlorophylls a and b, peridinin, fucoxanthin, lutein, carotene, and others) and nutrient data (total carbon dioxide, nitrate+nitrite, silicate, and phosphate in μmol/kg) collected as part of BATS Year One (Cruises 1-12, October 1988-September 1989) and BATS Year Two (Cruises 13-24, October 1989-September 1990. The cruises were conducted using ship WEATHERBIRD. CTD and particulate organic carbon and nitrogen (in μg/kg) and bacteria counts were also provided with these data. Data were collected in the immediate area of the nominal station location at 31 degrees 50'N, 64 degrees 10'W. The core measurements require 5 casts per cruise, utilizing a SeaBird CTD mounted on a General Oceanics rosette equipped with 121 #12 Niskin bottles. Originators data was submitted by Mr. George Heimerdinger, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA. The data have been processed and are available in C100 Ocean Station Data as well as F022-CTD Hi Resolution data format of NODC.

This dataset includes physical, chemical, and biological data, including plankton abundance, biomass, biovolume, counts, population estimates, primary production, carotenoids, phaeopigments, fatty acids, chlorophylls, aggregates and particulate matter, "marine snow", thymidine and leucine uptake, nitrate and saturated ammonium uptake rates, oxygen production, irradiance, Lu683, PAR, Thorium-234 activity, water temperature, currents and salinity, and other data. The U.S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) Equatorial Pacific (EqPac) process study was conducted along 140°W during the calendar year 1992. Four process cruises took place, with a fifth benthic cruise and sediment trap legs adding to the overall study.

Conductivity, Temperature and Depth (CTD) and other data were collected in NE Pacific (limit-180) as part of "Search for direct evidence of sulphur quenching of biomass, etc." project funded by NSF grant OCE 9203292. Data was collected from Ships NEW HORIZON, POINT SUR and WECOMA. The data was collected over a period spanning from October 2, 1993 to April 12, 1994. CTD data from 12 stations was submitted in three diskettes by Dr. Frederick Prahl of Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR.

The Conductivity, Temperature and Depth (CTD) and other data were collected in NE Pacific (limit-180). Data was collected from Ship POINT SUR and sent to shore via telecommunication. The data was collected over a period spanning from February 14, 1991 and November 3, 1991. Data was submitted in four files by Mr. Paul Jessen, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA. Data has been processed and is available in F022-CTD-Hi Resolution file format of NODC. F022 High-resolution CTD data is collected from high resolution (conductivity-temperature-depth) instruments. As they are lowered and raised in the oceans, these electronic devices provide nearly continuous profiles of temperature, salinity and other parameters. Data values may be subject to averaging or filtering or obtained by interpolation and may be reported at depth intervals as fine as 1 m. Cruise and instrument information, position, date, time and sampling interval are reported for each station. Environmental data at the time of the cast (meteorological and sea surface conditions) may also be reported. The data record comprises values of temperature, salinity or conductivity, density (computed sigma-t) and possibly dissolved oxygen or transmissivity at specified depth or pressure levels. Data may be reported at either equally or unequally spaced depth or pressure intervals.

Conductivity, Temperature, Depth (CTD) and other data from multiple ships and other platforms were collected from NE Pacific (limit-180) from February 26, 1982 to April 5, 1983. The data was collected as part of Coastal Ocean Dynamics Experiment and submitted by Oregon State University. The bathythermograph XBT data is in C116 format of NODC while the CTD hi resolution data is in F022 format.

The Dynamics of the Columbia River Plume Project was sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF) grant number OCE 8918193 to Barbara Hickey, Lead Principal Investigator (University of Washington). Other PIs included on the project were Bill Boicourt (University of Maryland), David Jay (University of Washington), and Len Pietrafesa (North Carolina State University). Twenty-two current meter arrays (14 surface and 8 subsurface moorings) were deployed in the vicinity of the mouth of the Columbia River from Oct. 1990 through Feb. 1991. Most sites were paired with a surface mooring and a subsurface mooring located within the same vicinity. Positions for the sites and their mooring ID are shown on the CRmoorsitesfla50.jpg file included with the data. In most cases surface and subsurface moorings for the same location were deployed within a quarter mile of each other and are represented as one station on the chart. If the distance between the surface and subsurface moorings was greater than a quarter of a mile an average position was used to plot that station. Surface moorings are designated by the mooring ID followed by an 'S' to indicate surface while the subsurface moorings have an 'A' appended to the mooring ID. Contour lines for 25, 50, 100, 250, 500 meters are shown. Results from this study can be found in Hickey, B.M., L. Pietrafesa, D. Jay and W.C. Boicourt (1998) The Columbia River Plume Study: Subtidal variability of the velocity and salinity fields. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103(C5): 10339-10368.

ANN-NEP is a gridded surface ocean pCO2 data product for the Northeast Pacific open ocean. It was created using non-linear functional relationships between pCO2 observations from the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas v2021 as well as additional data from Fisheries and Oceans Canada February 2019 Line P cruise, and a variety of independent predictor variables (see supplemental information) using an artificial neural network self-organizing-map-feed-forward-network approach described and evaluated in Duke et al. (2023). This file contains monthly pCO2 and air-sea CO2 flux fields from January 1998 to December 2019 at 1/12 degree by 1/12 degree (approximately 9 km by 5km; latitude by longitude) spatial resolution. The air-sea CO2 fluxes are computed from the air-sea CO2 partial pressure difference and a bulk gas transfer formulation following Duke et al. (2023).