A circuit for a discharge lamp includes a first sub-circuit for connecting to mains voltage of a predetermined frequency for rectifying the mains voltage; and a second sub-circuit connected to the first sub-circuit for providing an alternating current, such as a square-wave current, required for the lamp. A control circuit is connected to the first and the second sub-circuit. The control circuit controls the frequency of the alternating current subject to a varying component of the mains voltage rectified by the first sub-circuit.

A lighting device (1; 101; 201; 301) for lighting objects is described, which comprises a printed circuit board (2) on which at least one LED light source (2) is mounted coupled to a primary optical assembly (3) for transmission and amplification of the light emitted by the light source, a containing body (5) enclosing the circuit board (2), and a secondary optical assembly (6) mounted on the containing body (5) at a suitable distance from the primary optical assembly (3) to generate at least one light beam leaving said lighting device.

An LED lighting device is provided which is capable of being connected to a network and being controlled by a host computer also connected to the network. The lighting device has several lifespan expanding features such as including several extra LEDs such that as the LEDs of the lighting device degrade over time more LEDs can be turned on thus allowing a constant luminosity to be maintained.

A lighting device (30) having a housing (12) which includes a lamp means, a battery housing to receive at least one battery and a switch means to open and close a circuit between said lamp means and terminals of said at least one battery when located in said housing. Said lighting device includes a lanyard (110, 112) attached to said housing (12) characterised by said lanyard having a proximal end attached to said housing (12) and a distal end, whereby said distal end or a portion of said lanyard (110, 112) is adapted to be releasably attached to said housing (12).

The system has a central control unit (5) that stands in contact with lamp operating devices (10-1-10-4) by a bus line system, where the devices are non-dimmable. Gas discharge lamps (LA) assigned to the lamp operating devices are switched off in a standby state. A control unit (12) of each lamp operating device is activated for identifying the devices that are assigned to the lamps during programming mode. An independent claim is also included for a method of implementing a control system for lamp operating devices that are distributedly arranged and that are utilized for operating gas discharge lamps.

Illumination device for a vehicle comprises a first lamp module (30) and a second lamp module (40), each having a number of light-emitting diodes (31, 41). The second lamp module surrounds the first lamp module. The lamp modules are staggered in relation to each other and are separately fixed so that they can be individually replaced. Preferred Features: The second lamp module is optically set back behind the first lamp module.

The invention relates to methods of manufacturing gas-discharge electron lamps, and neon tubes in particular. According to the invention, it is proposed, prior to carrying out vacuum treatment of the internal space of an electron lamp (1), to mount at least one of said glass capsules (2) in exhaust tube (5), in close proximity to an exposed electrode in such manner that the opening provided in metal container (4) is facing the working area of the lamp (1). Upon carrying out vacuum treatment and filling the internal space with an inert gas, the portion of exhaust tube (5) that contains capsule (2) disposed within metal container (4) is separated from evacuation unit (10), and this area is subjected to the local effect of a high-power electromagnetic radiation, thereby causing substantially instantaneous heating of metal container (4), which results in a rupture of glass capsule (2) and intense evaporation of the liquid mercury, thereby resulting in a directional flow of pure mercury vapor, which flow rapidly fills up said internal space of the tube through the opening provided in metal container (4). Such method permits to provide environmentally safe production and to eliminate contamination of mercury inside the working space of a lamp, which in turn allows carrying out precise dosing and introduction of calculated minimal amounts of mercury. In addition, the inventive method does not require application of special electrodes and might be used in any mass manufacture of commercial products, and neon tubes in particular.

The light has a light body (5) and a bearer arm (2) that carries the body on one end and is connected to a base part (8) at the other. The bearer arm has a continuous series of elements (3) joined together by joining linkages (4) and at least one flexible element extending over the linkage at the base and essentially arranged within the element to absorb at least some of the torque acting on the joining linkage at the base when the light is used.

The first lamp (3) is a gas discharge lamp, the second (4) is incandescent. Their end caps are held and connected in sockets (1, 15), forming a unit (16) which can be turned about an axis. The unit is released by unlocking, allowing it to be rotated by a pre-tensioned torsion spring (8). The spring is connected between the pivoting unit and a fixed part of the lamp body.