This data set provides a digital mosaic of the Amazon River floodplain that was compiled using Landsat TM images. This mosaic was planned in July 1995 as an activity of the EOS-IDS Project that was developed with cooperation among INPE, CENA, University of Washington in Seattle (UW), University of California in Santa Barbara (UCSB), and NASA. The mosaic is composed by 29 Landsat TM images covering a period from 1986 to 1995 that were selected with minimum cloud cover and within the July to September high water season of the Amazon River. These images were geometrically corrected using ground control points extracted from topographic charts and image charts at the 1:250,000 scale. In addition, these images were radiometrically rectified to 231/062 (Manaus region) TM image using the method developed by Hall et al. (1991). The radiometric rectification applied had a good performance for bands 3, 5, and 7, for most of the scenes. For bands 1 and 2 the radiometric rectification was limited, especially for scenes with intense haze. Nevertheless, the overall performance of radiometric normalization allowed the production of a uniform data set for the entire Brazilian Amazon River mainstem floodplain. The mosaic was then built using the best bands (rectified or non-rectified) of the TM images with 90 meter spatial resolution. The mosaic data are provided in geoTIFF-formatted files, rectified and geocoded, for six TM bands (1 to 5 and 7) with 90-meter spatial resolution. The mosaic is divided in two parts: Part 1, from the mouth of the Amazon river in Brazil to the Brazil/Peru boundary and Part 2, from the Brazil/Peru boundary to its spring.There is also a 500-meter resolution mosaic covering all the Amazon river (from spring to the mouth) with geoTIFF-formatted data files for TM bands 3, 4, and 5. The processed, quality controlled and integrated data in the documented Pre-LBA Data sets were originally published as a set of three CD_ROMs (Marengo and Victoria, 1998) but are now archived individually.

This data set provides a map of wetland extent, vegetation type, and dual-season flooding state of the entire lowland Amazon basin. As described in Hess et al. (2015), the classified image was derived from the Global Rain Forest Mapping Project (GRFM) Amazon mosaics (Rosenqvist et al 2000; Siqueira et al. 2002) acquired during Oct.-Nov. 1995 and May-June 1996, corresponding to the low-flood and high-flood seasons for much of the central Amazon. Hess et al. (2003) mapped wetland extent, vegetative cover, and flooding state for an 18 degree × 8 degree portion of the central Amazon using the dual-season GRFM mosaics. This study extends the previous wetlands mapping to report the first validated estimate of wetland extent, cover, and flooding for the lowland Amazon basin. A wetlands mask was created by segmentation of the mosaics and clustering of the resulting polygons; a rules set was then applied to classify wetland areas into five land cover classes and two flooding classes using dual-season backscattering values. The mapped wetland area of 8.4 × 105 km2 is equivalent to 14 % of the total basin area (5.83 × 106 km2) and 17% of the lowland basin (5.06 × 106 km2). The mapped flooding extent is representative of average high and low-flood conditions for latitudes north of 6 degrees S; flooding conditions were less well captured for the southern part of the basin. The wetlands map is provided in GeoTIFF format using two coordinate systems: unprojected (Geographic) with pixel size of 3 arcseconds, and Albers Conical Equal Area with pixel size of 100 m.

This data set contains hydrology, soils, radiation, cloud, and vegetation data from the International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project (ISLSCP) Initiative I. The ISLSCP data sets should provide LBA modelers with many of the fields required to describe boundary conditions, and to initialize and force a wide range of land-biosphere-atmosphere models. All of the data have been processed to the same global spatial resolution (1 deg. x 1 deg.), using the same land/sea mask and steps have been taken to ensure spatial and temporal continuity of the data. The data sets cover the period 1987-1988 at 1-month time resolution for most of the seasonally varying quantities. For this pre-LBA data set, the ISLSCP I data are provided as global coverages. The companion file illustrations were subset over the LBA study area, from 35-85 deg. W longitude and 20 deg. S to 10 deg. N latitude, as shown in Figure 1.The data files and illustrations are organized into the three groups listed below.1. Hydrology and Soils2. Radiation and Clouds3. VegetationThe data within each of these areas were acquired from a variety of sources including model output, satellites, and ground measurements. The individual data sets were provided in a variety of forms. In some cases, this required the data publication team to regrid and reformat data sets and in others to produce monthly averages from finer resolution data. The specific processing for each data set is detailed in the documentation. The processed, quality controlled and integrated data in the documented Pre-LBA Data sets were originally published as a set of three CD-ROMs (Marengo and Victoria, 1998) but are now archived individually.

Digital flood-inundation maps for a 6.7-mile reach of Joachim Creek within and near the City of De Soto, Missouri, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the City of De Soto, Missouri. The flood-inundation maps depict estimates of the spatial extent, depth, and velocity corresponding to select flood events. Flood elevations were computed for Joachim Creek by means of a two-dimensional, finite-volume numerical model for river hydraulics. The hydraulic model was calibrated by using global positioning system measurements of water-surface elevations of high-water marks from the April 18, 2013 flood and the maximum measured discharge at the USGS streamgage Joachim Creek at De Soto, Missouri (station number 07019500). The calibrated hydraulic model was then used to compute the hydraulic conditions associated with the 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, and 0.2-annual exceedance probability (AEP) flows (10-year, 25-year, 50-year, 100-year and 500-year recurrence interval). The water-surface elevation, velocity, and water depth maps associated with the 1- and 0.2-percent AEP flood events are available in GeoTIFF format. The hydraulic model is available as a model archive.

Digital flood-inundation maps for a 6.7-mile reach of Joachim Creek within and near the City of De Soto, Missouri, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the City of De Soto, Missouri. The flood-inundation maps depict estimates of the spatial extent, depth, and velocity corresponding to select flood events. Flood elevations were computed for Joachim Creek by means of a two-dimensional, finite-volume numerical model for river hydraulics. The hydraulic model was calibrated by using global positioning system measurements of water-surface elevations of high-water marks from the April 18, 2013 flood and the maximum measured discharge at the USGS streamgage Joachim Creek at De Soto, Missouri (station number 07019500). The calibrated hydraulic model was then used to compute the hydraulic conditions associated with the 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, and 0.2-annual exceedance probability (AEP) flows (10-year, 25-year, 50-year, 100-year and 500-year recurrence interval). The water-surface elevation, velocity, and water depth maps associated with the 1- and 0.2-percent AEP flood events are available in GeoTIFF format. The hydraulic model is available as a model archive.

This dataset provides vegetation species, height, stem density and diameter, and species aboveground biomass (AGB) measurements collected at herbaceous and forested wetland sites across the Atchafalaya and Terrebonne basins within the Mississippi River Delta (MRD) floodplain in coastal Louisiana, USA. The measurements were made during the Pre-Delta-X campaign in Spring 2015 and Fall 2015. Vegetation height and density and diameter data are only provided for forested Atchafalaya sites during the spring collections. At the nine herbaceous wetland sites, a transect was established perpendicular to the wetland edge with replicate sample plots (0.25 m2, 5 m apart) located at 50, 100, and 150 m from the wetland edge to capture the range of vegetation structure, zonation, and composition. AGB was harvested inside the duplicate plots at each sampling location. At the six forested wetland sites, duplicate circular plots (10 m radius, 50 m apart) were established inside the forest approximately 30 m from the wetland edge. All trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH at 1.3 m) > 2.5 cm were measured within each plot and identified to species. The height of trees was measured with a laser range finder. AGB was estimated using species-specific allometric equations. Measurements were used to generate marsh and forested wetland coverage and biomass in response to seasonality within both basins. The data will be used to calibrate remote sensing data (e.g., UAVSAR, AVIRIS-NG) and hydrodynamics and sediment transport models.

This raster GIS dataset contains 30 meter cells depicting non-floodplain wetlands in a hydrobasin. This base dataset is a combination of three globally-available datasets, creating a new dataset that is inclusive of finer-resolution data, while accounting for a wide range of wetland sizes. The three source datasets are: 1) CW-WTD 500-m dataset resampled to 30 m. – Wetland dataset built from a composite wetland-water table depth (Tootchi 2019); 2) CCI (Climate Change Initiative) data resampled from 300 m to 30 m – CCI defined wetlands as “…mixed classes of flooded areas with tree covers, shrubs, or herbaceous covers plus inland water bodies;” and 3) Global Surface Water (GSW) 30-m (Pekel et al. 2016) – A pixel was considered a wetland if it had at least one inundation event over a 32-year range. A 1-km buffer was applied to the HydroBASINS (Lehner and Grill 2013) coastline area and any wetland partially or completely overlain by the 1-km buffer was removed from analysis. In addition, to avoid including large lakes in the data, we also applied a mask using HydroLAKES and removed lake systems ≥10 ha (Messager et al. 2016). The dataset was then overlain by the GFPlain90 floodplain data (resampled to 30 meters) and wetlands overlain by the floodplain were removed.

This dataset provides spatial data on water channels in the estuary of the Atchafalaya Basin of the Mississippi River Delta of coastal Louisiana. These Level-3 (L3) channel maps were developed from interferograms derived from Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) data collected on 2016-10-16 (low tides) and 2016-10-17 (high tides). The channel maps define open water paths in hydrodynamic models and are used to evaluate model performance. This is version 2 of this dataset. Data are provided in cloud optimized GeoTIFF format.

This data set provides a map of wetland extent, vegetation type, and dual-season flooding state of the entire lowland Amazon basin. As described in Hess et al. (2015), the classified image was derived from the Global Rain Forest Mapping Project (GRFM) Amazon mosaics (Rosenqvist et al 2000; Siqueira et al. 2002) acquired during Oct.-Nov. 1995 and May-June 1996, corresponding to the low-flood and high-flood seasons for much of the central Amazon. Hess et al. (2003) mapped wetland extent, vegetative cover, and flooding state for an 18 degree × 8 degree portion of the central Amazon using the dual-season GRFM mosaics. This study extends the previous wetlands mapping to report the first validated estimate of wetland extent, cover, and flooding for the lowland Amazon basin. A wetlands mask was created by segmentation of the mosaics and clustering of the resulting polygons; a rules set was then applied to classify wetland areas into five land cover classes and two flooding classes using dual-season backscattering values. The mapped wetland area of 8.4 × 105 km2 is equivalent to 14 % of the total basin area (5.83 × 106 km2) and 17% of the lowland basin (5.06 × 106 km2). The mapped flooding extent is representative of average high and low-flood conditions for latitudes north of 6 degrees S; flooding conditions were less well captured for the southern part of the basin. The wetlands map is provided in GeoTIFF format using two coordinate systems: unprojected (Geographic) with pixel size of 3 arcseconds, and Albers Conical Equal Area with pixel size of 100 m.