,An extensive precipitation database has been developed over the past 35 years with the first records starting in January 1962 and going through September 1996 from the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed located near the north end of the Owyhee Mountains in southwest Idaho. Precipitation ranges from 236 mm on the lowest elevations at the north end of the watershed to 1123 mm at the southwest corner of the watershed. The gauge network was changed in 1967-1968 from a single unshielded, universal-recording gauge at each location to the dual-gauge system that is presently used. The dualgauge system consists of an unshielded and a shielded universal-recording gauge with orifices 3.05 m above the ground. The number of dual-gauge sites was reduced from the original 46 in 1968 to 17 by 1996. Also, several sites have been added and/or taken out of the network at various times for special studies. There are continuous 35 year records available for 12 sites, 20-32 year records available for 8 sites, 10-19 year records available for 25 sites, and 4-9 year records for 8 sites for a total of 53 sites. All of these data have been stored as breakpoint and hourly records in the USDA-ARS, Northwest Watershed Research Center database. These breakpoint and hourly data are available.,

,Snow is the dominant form of precipitation in the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed (RCEW). Seven snow course sites were established in 1961, and one additional site was added in 1970. All sites are located in the high-elevation southern extent of the basin, where snow accumulation is greatest. Snow water equivalent (SWE) and depth have been sampled at multiple locations in RCEW since 1961. These data have been collected using snow tube methods that are generally considered the standard for manual measurement of SWE and snow depth. Snow water equivalent (SWE) has been measured at eight locations in RCEW every 2 weeks throughout the snow season (December 1 to June 1) for 35 water years (1962-1996). SWE was continuously monitored at site 176x07 using a snow pillow for 14 water years (1983-1996).,

,Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed discharge records are available for 13 stations with varying lengths of record ranging from 8 to 34 years. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Northwest Watershed Research Center initiated a stream discharge and suspended-sediment research program at Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed in the early 1960s. Continuous discharge measurements began at two sites in 1963, at three additional sites in 1964, and at eight additional sites in subsequent years. Contributing areas to these gauging stations range from 1.03 to 23,822 ha, selected to represent the broad range of environmental settings found across northwestern rangelands. Watershed drainage areas range from 1.03 to 23,822 ha with flow characteristics including ephemeral, intermittent, and perennial regimes. Discharge records are available for 13 stations with varying lengths of record ranging from 8 to 34 years. Drop-box weirs have performed well in RCEW over a wide range of discharges and sediment loads. Four additional types of stream-gauging devices are used in RCEW: (1) self-cleaning overflow V-notch (SCOV) weir, (2) 30 V-notch weir, (3) 90 V-notch weir, and (4) Parshall flume. All stations are equipped with stilling wells and floats for obtaining instantaneous measures of stage height. Instrument shelters are heated to permit collection of discharge and sediment data during cold winter periods. Gauging stations are visited on a weekly or biweekly basis to obtain independent stage height readings for error checking and to service all instrumentation. Stage height measurements were originally recorded using Leopold-Stevens A-35 and FW-1 strip chart recorders, later supplanted by electronic data loggers.,

Field measurements, daily meteorological inputs, and previously validated iSnobal simulations were used to run and inform the biogeochemical models Biome-BGC and Biome-BGC MuSo at three aspen stands in the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed. iSnobal simulations of snow redistribution were used to modify measured precipitation values to account for the redistribution of snow. Biome-BGC simulations were run under historical conditions (1984-2015) assuming both a uniform and redistributed snow layer. Biome-BGC MuSo simulations were run under historical (1996-2015) and future climate scenarios (2046-2065) and account for the redistribution of snow. Biogeochemical simulation data sets include input files used to run Biome-BGC and Biome-BGC MuSo simulations of aspen at three sites in the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed under historical and mid-21st conditions. Input files include .ini files describing site conditions and outputs, .epc files describing ecophysiological parameters, and .met files containing historical and modified climate data used to run simulations under historical and mid-21st century conditions. Variables associated with daily simulation outputs are defined in .ini files. Field measurement datasets include hourly soil moisture measurements, monthly pre-dawn leaf water potential measurements, and leaf area index (LAI) measurements collected at each site between 2012 and 2015. iSnobal simulation data sets include daily iSnobal simulated snow water equivalent (SWE) extracted from a single point in drifts located at each site. Data are displayed based on day of water year. Number of simulation years varies from 2 to 24 years depending on site. Drift factors were calculated based on the ratio of peak SWE extracted from iSnobal simulations and uniform SWE falling across the drift accumulation period. Drift factors were then applied to measured precipitation values based on 0°C day and night time temperature thresholds.

Field measurements, daily meteorological inputs, and previously validated iSnobal simulations were used to run and inform the biogeochemical models Biome-BGC and Biome-BGC MuSo at three aspen stands in the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed. iSnobal simulations of snow redistribution were used to modify measured precipitation values to account for the redistribution of snow. Biome-BGC simulations were run under historical conditions (1984-2015) assuming both a uniform and redistributed snow layer. Biome-BGC MuSo simulations were run under historical (1996-2015) and future climate scenarios (2046-2065) and account for the redistribution of snow. Biogeochemical simulation data sets include input files used to run Biome-BGC and Biome-BGC MuSo simulations of aspen at three sites in the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed under historical and mid-21st conditions. Input files include .ini files describing site conditions and outputs, .epc files describing ecophysiological parameters, and .met files containing historical and modified climate data used to run simulations under historical and mid-21st century conditions. Variables associated with daily simulation outputs are defined in .ini files. Field measurement datasets include hourly soil moisture measurements, monthly pre-dawn leaf water potential measurements, and leaf area index (LAI) measurements collected at each site between 2012 and 2015. iSnobal simulation data sets include daily iSnobal simulated snow water equivalent (SWE) extracted from a single point in drifts located at each site. Data are displayed based on day of water year. Number of simulation years varies from 2 to 24 years depending on site. Drift factors were calculated based on the ratio of peak SWE extracted from iSnobal simulations and uniform SWE falling across the drift accumulation period. Drift factors were then applied to measured precipitation values based on 0°C day and night time temperature thresholds.

The data were collected summer, 2016, 2017, and 2018. Continuous temperature loggers were deployed along the Pend Oreille River between Albeni Falls Dam and the Box Canyon Dam. Loggers were checked every 1-2 weeks throughout the summer.

The data were collected summer, 2016, 2017, and 2018. Continuous temperature loggers were deployed along the Pend Oreille River between Albeni Falls Dam and the Box Canyon Dam. Loggers were checked every 1-2 weeks throughout the summer.

,Automated Sigma pump samplers were used at all RCEW gauging stations to collect instantaneous point measures of suspended-sediment concentration. The US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Northwest Watershed Research Center initiated a stream discharge and suspended-sediment research program at Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed in the early 1960s. Samples of suspended-sediment concentration were collected at Outlet, Tollgate, and Reynolds Mountain East gauging stations starting in the 1960s and continuing to the present. In early years, samples were collected manually during storm events using integrated samplers at the large weirs or simple grab samples at the smaller weirs. Later, a variety of early sediment samplers such as the U.S. PS-67 and U.S. PS-69 pumping samplers were tested and used in RCEW through cooperative efforts with other Agricultural Research Service locations, federal and state agencies, and universities. In recent years, automated Sigma pump samplers have been used at all gauging stations to collect a continuous record of instantaneous point measures of suspended-sediment concentration during high and low flows. Drop-box weirs have also performed well in RCEW over a wide range of discharges and sediment loads. Four additional types of stream-gauging devices are used in RCEW: (1) self-cleaning overflow V-notch (SCOV) weir, (2) 30 V-notch weir, (3) 90 V-notch weir, and (4) Parshall flume. All stations are equipped with stilling wells and floats for obtaining instantaneous measures of stage height. Instrument shelters are heated to permit collection of discharge and sediment data during cold winter periods. Gauging stations are visited on a weekly or biweekly basis to obtain independent stage height readings for error checking and to service all instrumentation. Stage height measurements were originally recorded using Leopold-Stevens A-35 and FW-1 strip chart recorders, later supplanted by electronic data loggers.,

This Data Release contains stream temperature observations for 28 sites in the Antietam Creek Watershed (Maryland) during summer 2021. Data were collected using Onset ProV2 temperature gages within perforated PVC cases attached to stream substrates with rebar. Temperature gages were deployed and retrieved by volunteers with the Antietam-Conococheague Watershed Alliance. Temperature records are provided for 20-minute increments between June 1 and August 31, 2021 (92 days, 6625 observations per site, and a total of 185,500 observations in the dataset). Site location coordinates are provided.

This Data Release contains stream temperature observations for 28 sites in the Antietam Creek Watershed (Maryland) during summer 2021. Data were collected using Onset ProV2 temperature gages within perforated PVC cases attached to stream substrates with rebar. Temperature gages were deployed and retrieved by volunteers with the Antietam-Conococheague Watershed Alliance. Temperature records are provided for 20-minute increments between June 1 and August 31, 2021 (92 days, 6625 observations per site, and a total of 185,500 observations in the dataset). Site location coordinates are provided.