Field measurements, daily meteorological inputs, and previously validated iSnobal simulations were used to run and inform the biogeochemical models Biome-BGC and Biome-BGC MuSo at three aspen stands in the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed. iSnobal simulations of snow redistribution were used to modify measured precipitation values to account for the redistribution of snow. Biome-BGC simulations were run under historical conditions (1984-2015) assuming both a uniform and redistributed snow layer. Biome-BGC MuSo simulations were run under historical (1996-2015) and future climate scenarios (2046-2065) and account for the redistribution of snow. Biogeochemical simulation data sets include input files used to run Biome-BGC and Biome-BGC MuSo simulations of aspen at three sites in the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed under historical and mid-21st conditions. Input files include .ini files describing site conditions and outputs, .epc files describing ecophysiological parameters, and .met files containing historical and modified climate data used to run simulations under historical and mid-21st century conditions. Variables associated with daily simulation outputs are defined in .ini files. Field measurement datasets include hourly soil moisture measurements, monthly pre-dawn leaf water potential measurements, and leaf area index (LAI) measurements collected at each site between 2012 and 2015. iSnobal simulation data sets include daily iSnobal simulated snow water equivalent (SWE) extracted from a single point in drifts located at each site. Data are displayed based on day of water year. Number of simulation years varies from 2 to 24 years depending on site. Drift factors were calculated based on the ratio of peak SWE extracted from iSnobal simulations and uniform SWE falling across the drift accumulation period. Drift factors were then applied to measured precipitation values based on 0°C day and night time temperature thresholds.

,An extensive, 33 year (1964-1996), climatic database has been developed for three climate stations on the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed (RCEW) located near the north end of the Owyhee Mountains in southwest Idaho. The longest records (1964-1996) are for daily maximum and minimum temperature. The length of record for other weather elements that include relative humidity, solar radiation, wind speed and direction, daily Class A pan evaporation and barometric pressure varies, but in general is from 1974-1996. Weather sensors have varied from hygrothermographs with spring-driven clocks and charts to electronic sensors with the data telemetered daily to the Northwest Watershed Research Center (NWRC) office in Boise, Idaho. Most of the data, since the early 1980's, were measured and stored electronically, therefore, hourly data are available for most climatic elements between the early 1980's and 1996. These data can be accessed from the USDA-ARS Northwest Watershed Research Center database.,

The U.S. Geological Survey Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) was used to assess the effects of changing climate and land disturbance on seasonal streamflow in the Rio Grande Headwaters (RGHW) region. Three applications of PRMS in the RGHW were used to simulate 1) baseline effects of climate (see RGHW-PRMS_baseline_simulation.zip), 2) effects of bark-beetle induced tree mortality (see RGHW-PRMS_BB_simulation.zip), and 3) effects of wildfire (see RGHW-PRMS_fire_simulation.zip), on components of the hydrologic cycle by hydrologic response unit (HRU) and subsequent seasonal streamflow runoff from April through September for water years 1980 through 2017. Select PRMS output variables for each simulation are contained in this data release.

The U.S. Geological Survey Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) was used to assess the effects of changing climate and land disturbance on seasonal streamflow in the Rio Grande Headwaters (RGHW) region. Three applications of PRMS in the RGHW were used to simulate 1) baseline effects of climate (see RGHW-PRMS_baseline_simulation.zip), 2) effects of bark-beetle induced tree mortality (see RGHW-PRMS_BB_simulation.zip), and 3) effects of wildfire (see RGHW-PRMS_fire_simulation.zip), on components of the hydrologic cycle by hydrologic response unit (HRU) and subsequent seasonal streamflow runoff from April through September for water years 1980 through 2017. Select PRMS output variables for each simulation are contained in this data release.

The U.S. Geological Survey Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) was used to assess the effects of changing climate and land disturbance on seasonal streamflow in the Rio Grande Headwaters (RGHW) region. Three applications of PRMS in the RGHW were used to simulate 1) baseline effects of climate (see RGHW-PRMS_baseline_input.zip), 2) effects of bark-beetle induced tree mortality (see RGHW-PRMS_BB_input.zip), and 3) effects of wildfire (see RGHW-PRMS_fire_input.zip), on components of the hydrologic cycle by hydrologic response unit (HRU) and subsequent seasonal streamflow runoff from April through September for water years 1980 through 2017. PRMS input files (control, climate-by-hru, data, parameter, dynamic parameter, and initial condition, where applicable) for each simulation are contained in this data release. Common input used in each simulation (climate_by_hru, static parameter, and data files) are contained in the RGHW-PRMS_common_input.zip file.

The U.S. Geological Survey Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) was used to assess the effects of changing climate and land disturbance on seasonal streamflow in the Rio Grande Headwaters (RGHW) region. Three applications of PRMS in the RGHW were used to simulate 1) baseline effects of climate (see RGHW-PRMS_baseline_input.zip), 2) effects of bark-beetle induced tree mortality (see RGHW-PRMS_BB_input.zip), and 3) effects of wildfire (see RGHW-PRMS_fire_input.zip), on components of the hydrologic cycle by hydrologic response unit (HRU) and subsequent seasonal streamflow runoff from April through September for water years 1980 through 2017. PRMS input files (control, climate-by-hru, data, parameter, dynamic parameter, and initial condition, where applicable) for each simulation are contained in this data release. Common input used in each simulation (climate_by_hru, static parameter, and data files) are contained in the RGHW-PRMS_common_input.zip file.

The U.S. Geological Survey Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) was used to assess the effects of changing climate and land disturbance on seasonal streamflow in the Rio Grande Headwaters (RGHW) region. Three applications of PRMS in the RGHW were used to simulate 1) baseline effects of climate (see RGHW-PRMS_baseline_input.zip), 2) effects of bark-beetle induced tree mortality (see RGHW-PRMS_BB_input.zip), and 3) effects of wildfire (see RGHW-PRMS_fire_input.zip), on components of the hydrologic cycle by hydrologic response unit (HRU) and subsequent seasonal streamflow runoff from April through September for water years 1980 through 2017. PRMS input files (control, climate-by-hru, data, parameter, dynamic parameter, and initial condition, where applicable) for each simulation are contained in this data release. Common input used in each simulation (climate_by_hru, static parameter, and data files) are contained in the RGHW-PRMS_common_input.zip file.

,Long-term soil temperature data were collected at the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed (RCEW) from 1981-1996 at five locations representing different climatic regimes and soils in the RCEW, ranging in elevation from 1190 to 2101 m. Each site is located in close proximity to a climate station on nearly level slopes. In most sites, there were six or seven measurement depths ranging from 2.5 to 240 cm; in 1990, new sensors were installed at all sites at depths of 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 90, 120, and 180 cm. Each soil temperature depth profile is located near at least one neutron access tube and a precipitation gauge, and complete climate station information was collected either at the site or in reasonable proximity. Regular data collection started in 1981 or 1982, depending on the site. The temperature sensors used were YSI (Yellow Springs Instruments, Yellow Springs, Ohio) two-thermistor composite thermolinear components accurate to 0.15C. Data were originally collected in 1981 by connecting a hand-held voltmeter to the sensor leads, and individual sensors at different depths were read using a manual switch. These data were collected once each week, and the time was recorded. At some sites the switches were bypassed and hooked up to data loggers of various design resulting in more frequent (either 1 or 4 hour) recording intervals. Prior to 1990, soil temperature sensors were installed by attaching the sensors to a 0.05 m diameter wooden pole at the desired depth intervals, drilling a hole a with a drill rig (the soils in the RCEW are very rocky), inserting the pole in the drilled hole, and backfilling.,

,The site is located on the USDA-ARS's Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed. It is dominated by Wyoming big sagebrush on land managed by USDI Bureau of Land Management.,

,Weather, snow, stream, topographic, and vegetation data are presented from the South Mountain Experimental Catchments from water years 2007-2013 (10-1-2007 to 9-30-2013). The data provide detailed information on the weather and hydrologic response for four highly instrumented catchments in the late stages of woodland encroachment. Hourly data from six meteorologic stations and four weirs have been carefully processed and quality checked, are serially complete, and ideal for hydrologic, ecosystem, and biogeochemical modeling. Topographic and vegetation data, as well as stream and drainage area delineations are Lidar-derived. This study site was established in 2007 as a collaborative, long-term research laboratory to address the impacts of western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis Hook) encroachment and treatments in the interior Great Basin region of the western USA.,For more information about this dataset, contact: Patrick R. Kormos: patrick.kormos@ars.usda.gov Danny G. Marks: ars.danny@gmail.com,