The aim of this wind profile study was to derive wind profiles and momentum fluxes from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/Wave Propagation Laboratory (WPL) Doppler LIDAR, and compare LIDAR and airborne measurements of mean wind, turbulent structure, momentum flux, and heat flux. Another objective was to compare profiles of mean wind and temperature obtained from aircraft, balloon sondes, and wind LIDAR. These data were collected at one location near the center of the FIFE study area but in the northwest quadrant. Data were acquired for a two week period during June and July 1987. Pulsed Doppler LIDAR measures the radial (along-beam) velocity as a function of range using light-scattering particles in the air as tracers. When the LIDAR beam is directed straight upward and the backscattered return as a function of height is recorded, vertical aerosol profiles may be determined. Various pointing and scanning schemes permit measurement of a variety of mean and turbulent quantities based on assumptions about the flow. The remote-sensing character of LIDAR offers the ability to measure flow parameters simultaneously at all the heights in a profile. The winds were obtained with the VAD (Velocity Azimuth Display) technique. The LIDAR only operates above 500 m, therefore the wind profile begins above the ground surface. Data in the planetary boundary layer are usually continuous, but gaps appear occasionally in profiles extending to several kilometers. Profiles were unsmoothed, and the LIDAR's short pulse made adjacent data points almost independent.

**Data Details** Dalek 1 (NOAA) Visitor's Center: lat(40.045) lon(-105), alt(1587), 20150302 - 20150309 Erie High School: lat(40.047) lon(-105), alt(1582), 20150309 - 20150426 Visitor's Center: lat(40.045) lon(-105), alt(1587), 20150426 - 20150601

**Data Details** Dalek 1 (NOAA) Visitor's Center: lat(40.045) lon(-105), alt(1587), 20150302 - 20150309 Erie High School: lat(40.047) lon(-105), alt(1582), 20150309 - 20150426 Visitor's Center: lat(40.045) lon(-105), alt(1587), 20150426 - 20150601

The NOAA Profiler Network (NPN) radars provide vertical profiles of horizontal wind speed and direction from near the surface to above the tropopause. The system also generates data quality related statistics such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and spectrum width. There are three systems in Alaska (Talkeetna, Anchorage, and Homer), with an additional testbed site in Norman, OK. The location and ICAO ID for the NOAA NPN sites are: Norman, OK - ROCO2/KROC; Homer, AK - HWPA2/KHWP; Talkeetna, AK - TLKA2/KTLK; and Anchorage, AK - AWPA2/KAWP. Each wind profiler unit uses preprogrammed operational modes to determine the speed and direction of the wind at different heights directly above the unmanned radar site. This dataset covers the newly refreshed NPN upper air wind data, beginning with 2020. A previous NPN project covered 1991 - 2006 and is available in BUFR format for winds, moments, RASS, and surface file types.

These raw data have not been subjected to the National Ocean Service's quality control or quality assurance procedures and do not meet the criteria and standards of official National Ocean Service data. They are released for limited public use as preliminary data to be used only with appropriate caution.

This dataset has Wind data from NOAA NOS Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS). WARNING: These preliminary data have not been subjected to the National Ocean Services (NOS) Quality Control procedures, and do not necessarily meet the criteria and standards of official NOS data. They are released for limited public use with appropriate caution. WARNING: * Queries for data MUST include stationID= and time>=. * Queries USUALLY include time<= (the default end time corresponds to 'now'). * Queries MUST be for less than 30 days worth of data. * The data source isn't completely reliable. If your request returns no data when you think it should: * Try revising the request (e.g., a different time range). * The list of stations offering this data may be incorrect. * Sometimes a station or the entire data service is unavailable. Wait a while and try again.

Hourly surface weather reports collected by NESDIS for stations near FIFE

**Overview** These profiling lidar datasets collect profiles of wind speed and wind direction from nominally 40 m above the surface to 220 m above the surface, depending on visibility. **Data Quality** Only data points with CNR -22 dB are included in these 2-min averaged files.

TOVS data received by FIFE

**Overview** Monitor real-time profiles of virtual temperature (C), wind speed (ms-1), and direction (deg) few km above ground level. **Data Details** Raw files contain radial velocity (ms-1), signal-to-noise ratio (dB), signal power (dB), spectral width (ms-1), and noise amplitude (dB). "W" files contain hourly profiles of wind speed (ms-1) and direction (deg). "T" files contain hourly profiles of virtual temperature (C).