This record describes XBT data collected on RV Investigator voyage IN2022_V03, "SOTS: Southern Ocean Time Series automated moorings for climate and carbon cycle studies southwest of Tasmania", which departed Hobart on the 4th May 2022 and returned to Hobart on the 15th May 2022 (AEST). A total of 1 XBT casts were conducted over the duration of this voyage. Data are stored in netCDF files at CSIRO. Additional information regarding this dataset is contained in the GSM data acquisition and processing report. Additional data products may be available on request.

This record describes the Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) data collected from the Marine National Facility RV Investigator voyage IN2020_V08, titled: "SOLACE - Southern Ocean Large Areal Carbon Export: quantifying carbon sequestration in subpolar and polar waters". The voyage took place between 4th December 2020 and 15th January 2021, departing from Hobart (TAS) and arriving in Hobart (TAS). Data for 86 deployments were acquired using the Sea-Bird SBE911 CTD 24, fitted with 36 twelve litre bottles on the rosette sampler. Sea-Bird-supplied calibration factors were used to compute the pressures and preliminary conductivity values. CSIRO -supplied calibrations were applied to the temperature data. The data were subjected to automated QC to remove spikes and out-of-range values. The final conductivity calibration was based on a single deployment grouping. The final calibration from the primary sensor had a standard deviation (SD) of 0.0014177 PSU, well within our target of ‘better than 0.002 PSU’. The standard product of 1 decibar binned averaged were produced using data from the primary sensors. The dissolved oxygen data calibration fit had a SD of 0.65769μM. The agreement between the CTD and bottle data was good. An Altimeter, PAR, Transmissometer, Fluorometer and two UVPs were also installed on the auxiliary A/D channels of the CTD. There were 86 deployments and of these, deployment 1 was a shallow water test run. Deployment 75 was aborted due to technical difficulties and the data was not processed. During deployment 33, a significant blockage was visible in the primary sensor downcast data and it is recommended to use the secondary sensor data for this cast. The collected data were subsequently processed and archived within the CSIRO National Collections and Marine Infrastructure (NCMI) Information and Data Centre (IDC) in Hobart. Additional information regarding this dataset may be contained in the Voyage Summary and the CTD Data Processing Report.

This record describes XBT data collected on RV Investigator voyage IN2025_V02, ' SOTS: Southern Ocean Time Series automated moorings for climate and carbon cycle studies southwest of Tasmania ' which departed Hobart on the 26th March and returned to Hobart on the 14th April 2025. A total of 3 XBT casts were conducted over the duration of this voyage. Data are stored in netCDF files at CSIRO. Additional information regarding this dataset is contained in the GSM data acquisition and processing report. Additional data products may be available on request.

This record describes the Underway (UWY) data collected from the Marine National Facility (MNF) RV Investigator Voyage IN2020_V08, titled "SOLACE - Southern Ocean Large Areal Carbon Export: quantifying carbon sequestration in subpolar and polar waters." The voyage took place between December 5, 2020 and January 16, 2021 departing from Hobart (TAS) and arriving in Hobart. Standard Underway data is continuously recorded, consisting of: (1) Navigation data (NAV): Latitude, Longitude, Speed, Heading, Course Over Ground, Gyros, and Doppler Log (dual GPS instrument). (2) Thermosalinograph (TSG): Water Salinity, Flow-Rate, Temperature, Fluorescence, pCO2 and Optode/Oxygen. (3) Atmospheric (MET): Humidity, Wind Speed and Direction (vane and ultrasonic), Radiometer/Sea Surface Temperature, Pyranometer/Solar Radiation, Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR), Air Temperature, Air Pressure, Rain, Ozone and Trace Gases (port and starboard instruments). The quality-controlled RV Investigator underway meteorological and SST data are supplied to the IMOS AODN where they are publicly available at the "Ships of Opportunity" Thredds server (http://thredds.aodn.org.au/thredds/catalog/IMOS/SOOP/SOOP-ASF/VLMJ_Investigator/catalog.html) for research. From there, they are downloaded by NOAA for their In Situ Quality Monitoring web site (iQUAM2) and made available for satellite SST validation. The SBE 38 SST data are used within the Australian Bureau of Meteorology for real-time satellite SST validation and ingested into real-time SST analyses which are then used as the boundary condition for Numerical Weather Prediction models. The meteorological and SST data are uploaded onto the Global Telecommunications System (GTS) for global dissemination to Meteorological Agencies, and separately supplied to the SAMOS (http://samos.coaps.fsu.edu/html/) Project for air-sea flux research. The real-time SBE 38 SST data are currently (2017) used in the following data products (accessed via the GTS): • International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS R3.0) (http://icoads.noaa.gov/) • NOAA NCEI Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature version 4 (ERSST.v4) (https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/marineocean-data/extended-reconstructed-sea-surface-temperature-ersst-v4) • Hadley Centre SST Data Set (HadSST3) (http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadsst3/) • Global Ocean Surface Underway Data (GOSUD) Project (http://www.gosud.org/) • Bureau of Meteorology daily and weekly SST analyses (http://www.bom.gov.au/marine/sst.shtml) • NOAA NCEI “Reynolds” daily global OISST analysis (https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oisst) • NASA JPL “MUR” 1 km daily global SST analysis (https://mur.jpl.nasa.gov/) • UK Met Office “OSTIA” daily global SST analysis (http://ghrsst-pp.metoffice.com/pages/latest_analysis/ostia.html) • CMC daily global SST analysis • Ourocean “G1SST” global daily 1 km SST analysis (https://ourocean.jpl.nasa.gov/SST) As part of the underway data gathering system, other datasets are produced (e.g., pCO2, ISAR SST) which are processed separately and have their own metadata records. Near real-time data are available via the link "Visualisation tool for Underway Data." This dataset is processed and archived within the CSIRO National Collections and Marine Infrastructure (NCMI) Information and Data Centre (IDC) in Hobart (TAS). Data are available at time intervals of 5 sec (NetCDF format), 5 sec, 10 sec, 1 min and 5 min (ASCII format). Additional information regarding this dataset is contained in the Voyage Summary and/or the Data Processing Report for this voyage.

This record describes XBT data collected on RV Investigator voyage IN2018_V02 , "SOTS: Southern Ocean Time Series automated moorings for climate and carbon cycle studies southwest of Tasmania" and "Subantarctic Biogeochemistry of Carbon and Iron, Southern Ocean Time Series site" which departed Hobart on the 03 March 2018 and returned to Hobart briefly on 12 March and finally concluded on the 21 March 2018 in Hobart. A total of 2 XBT casts were conducted over the duration of this voyage. Data are stored in netCDF files at CSIRO. Additional information regarding this dataset is contained in the GSM data acquisition and processing report. Additional data products may be available on request.

This record describes XBT data collected on RV Investigator voyage IN2021_V02 (SOTS: Southern Ocean Time Series automated moorings for climate and carbon cycle studies southwest of Tasmania), which departed Hobart on the 14th April 2021 and returned to Hobart on the 28th April 2021. A total of 9 XBT casts were conducted over the duration of this voyage; 2 of which were discounted, one for testing (xbt_001) and one was a bad cast (xbt_004). Data are stored in netCDF files at CSIRO. Additional information regarding this dataset is contained in the GSM data acquisition and processing report. Additional data products may be available on request.

This record describes XBT data collected on RV Investigator voyage IN2024_V01, 'Multidisciplinary Investigations of the Southern Ocean' which departed Hobart on 05/01/2024 and returned to Fremantle on 05/03/2024. A total of 109 XBT casts were conducted over the duration of this voyage. Data are stored in netCDF files at CSIRO. Additional information regarding this dataset is contained in the GSM data acquisition and processing report. Additional data products may be available on request.

This record describes sub bottom profiler data collected from the Marine National Facility (MNF) RV Investigator Voyage IN2020_V08, titled "SOLACE - Southern Ocean Large Areal Carbon Export: quantifying carbon sequestration in subpolar and polar waters." The voyage took place between December 5, 2020 and January 16, 2021 departing from Hobart (TAS) and arriving in Hobart (TAS). The Kongsberg SBP120 (sub bottom profiler) was used to acquire data containing the specular reflections at different sediment interfaces below the seafloor. The SBP120 provides a 3° by 3° angular resolution. The echosounder's frequency sweep range is from 2.5 to 7 kHz. The SBP120 was logged sporadically for the extent of the voyage. Data are stored in .raw (1141 files 2.5 GB) raw and .seg (1140 files 2.5 GB) segy formats at CSIRO. The segy format data had a real time processing stream applied, which applies gain, a gain correction, matched filter with replica shaping, an attribute calculation for instantaneous amplitude and time variable gain. Additional information regarding this dataset is contained in the GSM data acquisition and processing report. Additional data products may be available on request

This record describes the Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) data collected from the Marine National Facility RV Investigator voyage IN2021_V02, titled: "SOTS: Southern Ocean Time Series automated moorings for climate and carbon cycle studies southwest of Tasmania." The voyage took place between April 14 and April 28, 2021 departing from Hobart (TAS) and arriving in Hobart. Data for 6 deployments were acquired using the Sea-Bird SBE911 CTD 24, fitted with 36 twelve litre bottles on the rosette sampler. Sea-Bird-supplied calibration factors were used to compute the pressures and preliminary conductivity values. CSIRO -supplied calibrations were applied to the temperature data. The data were subjected to automated QC to remove spikes and out-of-range values. The final conductivity calibration was based on a single deployment grouping. The final calibration from the primary sensor had a standard deviation (SD) of 0. 0015434PSU, within our target of ‘better than 0.002 PSU’. The standard product of 1 decibar binned averaged were produced using data from the primary sensors. The dissolved oxygen data calibration fit had a SD of 0.90687 μM. The agreement between the CTD and bottle data was good. Transmissometer, Wetlabs FLBBRTD and Altimeter were also installed on the auxiliary A/D channels of the CTD. The collected data were subsequently processed and archived within the CSIRO National Collections and Marine Infrastructure (NCMI) Information and Data Centre (IDC) in Hobart. Additional information regarding this dataset may be contained in the Voyage Summary and the CTD Data Processing Report.

This record describes XBT data collected on RV Investigator voyage IN2017_V01, 'Interactions of the Totten Glacier with the Southern Ocean through multiple cycles. ‘Sabrina Seafloor Survey' which departed Hobart on the 14th January 2017 and returned to Hobart on the 5th March 2017'. A total of 28 XBT casts were conducted over the duration of this voyage. Data are stored in netCDF files at CSIRO. Additional information regarding this dataset is contained in the GSM data acquisition and processing report. Additional data products may be available on request.