This data release contains links to two child items containing hydrology and hydraulic modeling data and supplemental geospatial data for selected stream crossing sites in the Squannacook River Basin in north-central Massachusetts. The child item named “Hydraulic model data for selected stream crossing sites in the Squannacook River Basin, North-Central Massachusetts” contains U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) hydraulic model files along with field survey data associated with each stream crossing location. This data release also includes a data dictionary defining culvert designs, site locations, modeled flows and water surface elevations, and aquatic habitat and stream connectivity restoration potential. The chile item named “Spatial Data Layers for Selected Stream Crossing Sites in the Squannacook River Basin, North-Central Massachusetts” contains geospatial data files of stream cross sections, stream centerlines, stream bank lines, and stream crossing location points used as input for hydraulic models. Additionally, these preliminary culvert designs and associated selected data are hosted on the U.S. Geological Survey StreamStats web application (https://streamstats.usgs.gov/ss/) for Massachusetts.

The U.S. Geological Survey and the University of Massachusetts at Amherst (UMass Amherst), in cooperation with the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MassDEP), began a series of studies in 2019 to develop a web-based statewide hydraulic modeling tool to provide preliminary culvert designs to support stream crossing replacement projects in Massachusetts. This Web Map Service (WMS) has been developed to query data from the hydraulic models at select stream crossing locations using the StreamStats web application for Massachusetts. The WMS contains stream crossing point locations with hydrology and hydraulic data tables and associated watershed polygons. These stream crossing locations were derived from the North Atlantic Aquatic Connectivity Collaborative data center (NAACC Data Center). Preliminary culvert designs for three-sided box, conspan arch, and a pipe culvert have been modeled using the U.S. Army Corps of Engineer’s Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) software with cross-sectional and channel geometry data derived from high-resolution light detection and ranging (lidar) Digital Elevation Models (DEM). The WMS layer provides the ability to generate reports in the StreamStats web application for Massachusetts at the stream crossing locations for site location information, preliminary culvert designs, flood flows, bankfull channel geometry, aquatic habitat and stream connectivity restoration potential, basin characteristics, and other select information.

The U.S. Geological Survey and the University of Massachusetts at Amherst (UMass Amherst), in cooperation with the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MassDEP), began a series of studies in 2019 to develop a web-based statewide hydraulic modeling tool to provide preliminary culvert designs to support stream crossing replacement projects in Massachusetts. This Web Map Service (WMS) has been developed to query data from the hydraulic models at select stream crossing locations using the StreamStats web application for Massachusetts. The WMS contains stream crossing point locations with hydrology and hydraulic data tables and associated watershed polygons. These stream crossing locations were derived from the North Atlantic Aquatic Connectivity Collaborative data center (NAACC Data Center). Preliminary culvert designs for three-sided box, conspan arch, and a pipe culvert have been modeled using the U.S. Army Corps of Engineer’s Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) software with cross-sectional and channel geometry data derived from high-resolution light detection and ranging (lidar) Digital Elevation Models (DEM). The WMS layer provides the ability to generate reports in the StreamStats web application for Massachusetts at the stream crossing locations for site location information, preliminary culvert designs, flood flows, bankfull channel geometry, aquatic habitat and stream connectivity restoration potential, basin characteristics, and other select information.

Spatial data layers of stream crossing point locations, cross-section polyline, centerline polyline, and bank polyline shapefiles have been developed for selected stream crossings in the Squannacook River basin, Massachusetts. The spatial data and calculated attribute values are model input data for U.S. Army Corps of Engineer’s Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) hydraulic models. The stream crossing point locations were derived from the North Atlantic Aquatic Connectivity Collaboration (NAACC) database. The stream channel cross-sections, centerlines, and bank polylines were derived using automated methods in a Geographic Information System (GIS) using ArcGIS Pro and Python programming language. The polyline shapefiles are Z-enabled and have elevation data derived from Light Detection and Ranging (lidar) Digital Elevation Models (DEM) for Z-coordinate vertex values in units of feet. The polyline shapefiles are also M-enabled and have profile stationing values for the M-coordinate vertex values in units of feet. The automated GIS processes delineated a series of stream channel cross-sections along lidar-derived stream centerlines and have stream channel bathymetry estimated from Massachusetts bankfull channel geometry equations (Bent and Waite, 2013). The bankfull equations were also used to derive stream bank polylines. This data release contains the following shapefiles in the Spatial_Data_Layers.zip file: 1. Stream_Crossing_Locations.shp - Esri point shapefile derived from the NAACC stream crossing database. 2. Stream_Crossing_Watersheds.shp - Esri polygon shapefile of lidar-derived watershed boundaries that estimate the upstream drainage area for each stream crossing location. 3. Model_Cross_Sections.shp - Esri Z- and M-enabled polyline shapefile of the cross-section data used for hydraulic model input. 4. Model_Flowpaths.shp - Esri Z- and M-enabled polyline shapefile of the stream centerline and stream bank line data used for hydraulic model input. References: Bent, G.C., and Waite, A.M., 2013, Equations for estimating bankfull channel geometry and discharge for streams in Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013–5155, 62 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20135155

Spatial data layers of stream crossing point locations, cross-section polyline, centerline polyline, and bank polyline shapefiles have been developed for selected stream crossings in the Squannacook River basin, Massachusetts. The spatial data and calculated attribute values are model input data for U.S. Army Corps of Engineer’s Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) hydraulic models. The stream crossing point locations were derived from the North Atlantic Aquatic Connectivity Collaboration (NAACC) database. The stream channel cross-sections, centerlines, and bank polylines were derived using automated methods in a Geographic Information System (GIS) using ArcGIS Pro and Python programming language. The polyline shapefiles are Z-enabled and have elevation data derived from Light Detection and Ranging (lidar) Digital Elevation Models (DEM) for Z-coordinate vertex values in units of feet. The polyline shapefiles are also M-enabled and have profile stationing values for the M-coordinate vertex values in units of feet. The automated GIS processes delineated a series of stream channel cross-sections along lidar-derived stream centerlines and have stream channel bathymetry estimated from Massachusetts bankfull channel geometry equations (Bent and Waite, 2013). The bankfull equations were also used to derive stream bank polylines. This data release contains the following shapefiles in the Spatial_Data_Layers.zip file: 1. Stream_Crossing_Locations.shp - Esri point shapefile derived from the NAACC stream crossing database. 2. Stream_Crossing_Watersheds.shp - Esri polygon shapefile of lidar-derived watershed boundaries that estimate the upstream drainage area for each stream crossing location. 3. Model_Cross_Sections.shp - Esri Z- and M-enabled polyline shapefile of the cross-section data used for hydraulic model input. 4. Model_Flowpaths.shp - Esri Z- and M-enabled polyline shapefile of the stream centerline and stream bank line data used for hydraulic model input. References: Bent, G.C., and Waite, A.M., 2013, Equations for estimating bankfull channel geometry and discharge for streams in Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013–5155, 62 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20135155

This data release includes tabular surveyed and interpolated elevation data, the processed computational mesh, and model output data used in streambed scour evaluations at selected bridge sites in Alaska, 2016-2017. This is a cooperative project with Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities. The methods of deriving these datasets and using them to calculate scour are described in the associated U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195110.

This child item contains geology and hydrogeology data used in the hydrogeologic characterization of the Lake Superior watershed and a shapefile of water budget zones for reporting water budget terms for Lake Superior. The geology data include shapefiles of bedrock units from the USGS Geologic map database (Horton, 2017) and surficial geology units from Soller and others (2012). A compilation of hydrogeologic properties (hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity) from a variety of studies in and around the Lake Superior basin and from a field study conducted in 2021 is included in a data table and the values are applied to the bedrock and surficial unit shapefiles. We also include here a zipped grid of simulated groundwater discharge to surface water (rivers and streams) extracted from the Zell and Sanford (2020) MODFLOW6 model of the shallow groundwater in the United States. The sources of data used in the compilation of properties also are included.

This child item contains geology and hydrogeology data used in the hydrogeologic characterization of the Lake Superior watershed and a shapefile of water budget zones for reporting water budget terms for Lake Superior. The geology data include shapefiles of bedrock units from the USGS Geologic map database (Horton, 2017) and surficial geology units from Soller and others (2012). A compilation of hydrogeologic properties (hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity) from a variety of studies in and around the Lake Superior basin and from a field study conducted in 2021 is included in a data table and the values are applied to the bedrock and surficial unit shapefiles. We also include here a zipped grid of simulated groundwater discharge to surface water (rivers and streams) extracted from the Zell and Sanford (2020) MODFLOW6 model of the shallow groundwater in the United States. The sources of data used in the compilation of properties also are included.

Water-surface elevations along the stream reach were estimated by steady-state hydraulic modeling, assuming unobstructed flow, and using streamflows and hydrologic conditions anticipated at the USGS streamgage (station number 04206425). The hydraulic model reflects the land-cover characteristics and any bridge, dam, levee, or other hydraulic structures existing as of September 2023. _README_Contents-Directory.txt 1. model-software-version.txt (file) Identifies the modeling software, version, and website. 2. modelgeoref.txt (file) Includes reference to the model documentation report, data release, and bounding box coordinates. 3. Source (directory) Contains the URL to the installer files. 4. Model (directory) Contains the model input and output files for the hydraulic model.

Water-surface elevations along the stream reach were estimated by steady-state hydraulic modeling, assuming unobstructed flow, and using streamflows and hydrologic conditions anticipated at the USGS streamgage (station number 04206425). The hydraulic model reflects the land-cover characteristics and any bridge, dam, levee, or other hydraulic structures existing as of September 2023. _README_Contents-Directory.txt 1. model-software-version.txt (file) Identifies the modeling software, version, and website. 2. modelgeoref.txt (file) Includes reference to the model documentation report, data release, and bounding box coordinates. 3. Source (directory) Contains the URL to the installer files. 4. Model (directory) Contains the model input and output files for the hydraulic model.